简介：Aleafinclinationangledistributionmodel,whichisapplicabletosimulateleafinclinationangledistributioninsixheightsoflayeredcanopyatdifferentgrowthstages,wasestablishedbycomponentfactorsaffectingplanttypeinrice.Theaccuracyofthesimulationresultswasvalidatedbymeasuredvaluesfromafieldexperiment.Thecoefficientofdetermination(R2)andtherootmeansquareerror(RMSE)betweenthesimulatedandmeasuredvalueswere0.9472and3.93%,respectively.Thesimulationresultsshowedthatthedistributionofleafinclinationanglesdifferedamongthethreeplanttypes.TheleafinclinationangleswerelargerinthecompactvarietyLiangyoupeijiuwitherectleavesthanintheloosevarietyShanyou63withdroopyleavesandtheintermediatevarietyLiangyouY06.TheleafinclinationanglesweredistributedinthelowerrangeinShanyou63,whichmatchedupwithfieldmeasurements.Thedistributionofleafinclinationanglesinthesamevarietychangedthroughoutthesevengrowthstages.Theleafinclinationanglesenlargedgraduallyfromtransplantingtobooting.Duringthepost-bootingperiod,theleafinclinationangleincreasedinShanyou63andLiangyouY06,butchangedlittleinLiangyoupeijiu.Ateverygrowthstageofeachvariety,canopyleafinclinationangledistributiononthesixheightsofcanopylayerswasvariable.Ascanopyheightincreased,thelayeredleafareaindex(LAI)decreasedinallthethreeplanttypes.However,whiletheleafinclinationanglesshowedlittlechangeinLiangyoupeijiu,theybecamelargerinShanyou63butsmallerinLiangyouY06.Thesimulationresultsusedintheconstructedmodelwereverysimilartotheactualmeasurementvalues.Themodelprovidesamethodforestimatingcanopyleafinclinationangledistributioninriceproduction.

简介：Inthisstudy,thesampledatawasbasedon2790samplesof9treesfromdahurianlarch（Larixgmelinii）plantationslocatedinQitaiheForestBureauinHeilongjiangProvince.ThemodifiedLogisticmodely=b1/[1+exp（b2x）]+b3wasselectedtomodelingmicrofibrilanglefromsixmodelsbasedonnonlinearregression.Then,thelogisticmodelwasfittedusingnonlinearmixed-effectmodelingapproachbasedonNLMEofS-PLUSsoftware.Evaluationstatistics,suchasAIC,BIC,LogLikelihoodandLikelihoodratiotestwereusedformodelcomparisons.TheresultsshowedthattheLogisticmodelwithparametersb1,b2,b3asmixedeffectsshowedthebestperformance.Correlationstructuresincludedcompound-symmetrystructure（CS）,first-orderautoregressivecorrelationstructureAR（1）,movingaveragecorrelationstructureMA（1）andautoregressive-movingaveragecorrelationstructure[ARMA（1,1）]wereincorpratedintothebestmicrofibrilanglemixedmodel.[ARMA（1,1）]significantlyimprovedtheprecisionofmixedmodel.Validationconfirmedthatthemixedmodelwithcalibrationofrandomparameterscouldprovidemoreaccurateandpreciseprediction.Therefore,theapplicationofmixedmodelnotonlyshowedthemeantrendsofmicrofibrilangle,butalsoshowedtheindividualdifferencebasedonvariance-covariancestructureandcorrelationstructure.

简介：Microfibrilangle(MFA)inChinesefirwastestedbyX-raydiffractionapparatusandcalculatedbycomputersoftware.Theresultswereasfollows:MFAwascontrolledstronglybyinheritance,andtherewasnosignificantdifferenceinMFAamonginterspecies,juvenileandmaturewood.Inthelongitudinal,MFAreduceswiththeheightrisingfrom0to5.5m,especiallyintheheightsfrom0to1.5m.ThevaluesofMFAarenearlyconsistencefrom1.5to7.5m.Thevariationrangewasbetween10.82oand12.57ofrom1.5to7.5m,R2ofpowerequationachieved0.9321,andanalysisofvarianceindicatedthatthevariationofMFAwasnotsignificantfrom1.5to7.5m.TheageofthetreeshadanimportantinfluenceonMFA,consequently,thedifferenceinMFAwassignificantamongannualringsinradial,whichwasmaximalinnearpithandreducedrapidlyfromthepithtosapwood,anditsdeclinetendencywasslowbeyondtheninthannualring.MFAreachedminimumvalueatthe15thannualring,andthedifferencereachedmorethan20oandR2ofbinomialequationachieved0.7556.

简介：Themainobjectiveofthisresearchistoevaluatethewettabilityoftheprocessedbamboosurfaces.Theimportantsurfaceenergyandacid-basepropertiesforprocessedbamboohavebeenestimatedbyusingcontactangletechniques.Accordingtotheresults,thechangeofageshasapositiverelationwiththecontactanglesofwateronprocessedbamboo.Thecontactangleswereincreasedafterthebamboosurfacetreatedinhightemperatureconditionandpreservation.Thedifferenttreatmethodshaveastro...

简介：Inthisstudy,thesampledatawasbasedon2190branchlengthandanglesamplesof30treesfromdahurianlarch（Larixgmeiinii）plantationslocatedinWuyingForestBureauinHeilongjiangProvince.Thestepwiseregressiontechniqueswereusedtodevelopbranchlengthandbranchanglemodels:BL=b1+b2DINC+b3DINC2+b4DBH·DINC2,BA=b1+b2DINC+b3DINC2+b4DBH·DINC.Then,thedevelopedmodelswerefittedusinglinearmixed-effectsmodelingapproachbasedonLMEprocedureofS-PLUSsoftware.Evaluationstatistics,suchasAIC,BIC,LogLikelihoodandLikelihoodratiotestwereusedformodelcomparisons.Theresultsshowedthatthebranchlengthandbranchanglemodelswithparametersb1,b2,b3asmixedeffectsshowedthebestperformance.Exponentialandpowerfunctionswereincorporatedintomixedbranchlengthandbranchanglemodel.Theadditionoftheexponentialandpowerfunctionssignificantlyimprovedthemixed-effectsmodel.Theplotsofstandardizedresidualsindicatedthatthemixed-effectmodelwithexponentialandpowerfunctionsshowedmorehomogeneousresidualvariancethanthemixed-effectsmodel.Validationconfirmedthatthemixedmodelwithcalibrationofrandomparameterscouldprovidemoreaccurateandpreciseprediction.Therefore,theapplicationofmixedmodelnotonlyshowedthemeantrendsofbranchlengthandbranchangle,butalsoshowedtheindividualdifferencebasedonvariance-covariancestructure.

简介：为旗帜叶角度的基因分离分析用P1，P2，F1，B1，从863B(装饰用的梨树米饭的一根维护者线)和A7444(有大旗帜叶角度的germplasm)的一个十字导出的B2和F2的六代被进行。旗帜叶角度的遗传型和显型在863B(P1)被调查，A7444(P2)和在BC1F1(863B/A7444//863B)的141植物人口。一张SSR基因连接地图被构造，为旗帜叶角度的QTL被检测。包含79信息loci的基因地图被构造，它走完441.6厘米的全部的距离，平均在二附近的loci之间的5.6厘米。结果证明特点被二主要基因加多基因控制，主要基因是更重要的。十五个标记基于单个标记回归分析与旗帜叶角度显示出高度重要的关联。为标志叶角度的二QTL(qFLA2和qFLA8)被两个检测在软件WinQTLCart2.5的合成间隔方法和合成间隔方法基于在QTL的混合线性模型联网2.0。分别地，qFLA2解释了10.50%phenotypic和13.28%变化并且在RM300和RM145的间隔位于染色体2的短手臂。分别地，qFLA8解释了9.59%phenotypic和7.64%变化并且在间隔flankingRM6215和RM8265位于染色体8的长手臂。在二QTL的积极等位基因两个都从A7444被贡献。

简介：Tiller角度，一个很必要的农学的特点，在米饭繁殖是重要的，特别在植物类型繁殖。控制2的一个tiller角度(tac2)异种被乙醇甲烷磺酸盐mutagenesis从restorer线Jinhui10获得。tac2异种在幼苗阶段和显著地在tillering阶段增加的tiller角度显示了正常显型。初步的生理的研究显示异种对GA敏感。因此，TAC2和TAC1可能以一样的方法控制tiller角度，这被推测。基因分析证明变异的特点被主要后退的基因控制并且位于用SSR标记的染色体9。在TAC2和它的最近的标记RM3320和RM201之间的基因距离分别地是19.2厘米和16.7厘米。

简介：到鞘老家(SB)的瑞斯抵抗被多基因或量的特点loci(QTL)控制并且由植物影响了词法特点。qSB-9TQ和TAC1分别地，控制SB抵抗和tiller角度(TA)的TQ,被采用测试二基因的联合是否将进一步改进米饭SB抵抗和还原剂收益损失而非仅仅他们或两个都不之一。用二根近的isogenic线(无)，TAC1TQ被证实贡献SB抵抗。然而，它的效果不比qSB-9TQ。随后，二基因被介绍进二个商业米饭变化开发一系列无。带两TAC1TQ和qSB-9TQ比仅仅包含他们之一的无显示出更多的抵抗。每植物比较谷物收益(欺骗)在三个不同SB疾病条件下面，也就是细微、中等、严重的条件，带显然失去的两基因的无降低没有带仅仅TAC1TQ。在细微疾病状况下面，没有重要差别在形态学上被发现，开发并且欺骗除了在带他们的基因和任何一个的无之间的TA联系了特点，显示二基因没在米饭上有劣等的效果农学的特点。结果显示了那TAC1TQ和qSB-9TQ有高繁殖的潜力，和节节上升的SB抵抗QTL和词法特点QTL是在改进米饭SB抵抗的一条潜在的途径。