简介：StableoperatingregionintheHL-1Mtokamakhasbeenextendedbymeansofwallconditioning,corefuellingandcurrentcontroltechniques.Themechanismsoftheextensionareanalyzedinthispaper.Lithiumizationdiminishestheimpuritiesandhydrogenrecyclingtothelowestlevel.Afterlithiumizationahighdensityupto7×1019m-3wasobtainedeasilybystronggaspuffingwithordinaryohmicdischargealone.MoreattractivelywefoundthatmetalLi-coatingexhibitedtheeffectsofwallstabilization.Thelowqalimitwithhigherdensitywasextendedbyafactorof1.5～2incomparisonwiththatforboronization,and1.2forsiliconization.Siliconizationnotonlyextendedstableoperatingregionsignificantlybyitself,butalsoprovidedagoodtargetplasmaforotherexperimentsofraisingdensitylimit.Corefuellingschemesarefavourableespeciallyforsiliconizedwallwithahigherlevelofmedium-Zimpurity(Z=14).Aftersiliconizationthemaximumdensitynearto1020m-3wasachievedbyacombinationofsupersonicmoleculebeaminjectionandmultipelletinjection.ThenewdefinedslopeofHugilllimitillustratingmoreclearlythesituationunderlowqaandhighnedischargeswascreatedtoindicatethenewregionextendedbycombiningIpramp-upwithcorefuelling.TheslopewithalargeMurakamicoefficientincreasedbyafactorof50～60%.

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简介：测定了WO3／4，4'－BAMBp超晶格薄膜光致变色前后的XPS光谱，发现薄膜在光致变色后有W^5+生成；同时，氮元素由两种形态变化成三种形态，得到了与无定形WO3不同的光致变色机理。

简介：研究KTiOAsO4晶体的生长缺陷，对于改善它的性能和应用前景，有很大的意义。本文利用化学腐蚀光学显微术和同步辐射X射线形貌术研究了KTiOAsO4晶体的缺陷，实验结果表明，两种腐蚀剂对于显示KTA晶体的表面缺陷效果显著，KTA晶体中主要的缺陷有铁电畴、生长层、扇形界、位错和包裹物。讨论了这些缺陷形成的原因。

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简介：Vacuumtreatmentandion-beambombardmentaretwomajorprocessesinthelowenergyion-beamimplantation.Toaccuratelystudythecontributionsofthesetwomajorfactorstothebioeffectsseparately,theM_1generationvariationofArabidopsisthalianawithion-beamimplantationandvacuumtreatmentwerecomparedthroughaseriesofkeyplantdevelopmentparametersincludingmorphologicalobservation,biochemicalassayandRAPD(randomamplifiedpolymorphicDNA)analysis.Theresultsshowedthation-beamimplantationhadobviouseffectonalmostalloftheseparameters,andthevacuumtreatmenthadsomeimpactsonseveralmorphologicalparameterssuchastheboltingtimeandthelengthoftheprimarystem.Takingtheresultstogether,theindicationisthatvacuumtreatmenthassomeslightcontributionstothebioeffectsofion-beamimplantationwhileion-beambombardmentitselfisthemajorcreatorofthebioeffects.

简介：本文利用扩展X射线吸收精细结构（EXAFS）的方法对重闪烁体PbWO4微晶进行了研究。通过测量Pb和W的L吸收边的EXAFS谱，主要研究了PbWO4中Pb^2+和W^6+的近邻结构。结果表明，W周围氧离子的配位数和键长没有显著变化，而Pb周围氧配位数和分布则有改变，说明其中可能有间隙氧存在。同时也简要讨论了间隙氧对PbWO4发光的影响。

简介：首次报道了利用光学显微法和同步辐射白光X射线形貌术对Cr:KTP晶体缺陷的研究结果。光学显微法采用热磷酸作为腐蚀剂，用Opton大型显微镜反射法观察，观测到（100）面和（021）面的位错蚀坑以及（021）面的小角度晶界。用同步辐射白光X射线形貌术作出（001）面、（010）面和（100）面形貌面，从图中可明显观察到生长层、扇形界及位错线。由此得出，Cr:KTP晶体的主要缺陷是位错、生长扇形界、生长层等。

简介：LiNdP4O12(LNP）晶体是一种新型的激光材料。本文报道了用同步辐射X射线白光形貌术和光学显微法研究由助熔剂籽晶旋转法生长的LNP晶体的生长缺陷，观察到了圆形生长台阶及精细的系列台阶结构，对晶体中的包裹物和位错缺陷等进行了详细的观察描述，还发现了一种比较奇特的腐蚀沟槽，分析了这种腐蚀沟槽的形成机理及各种缺陷的成因和克服办法。

简介：报道了用同步辐射X射线白光形貌术和光学显微法研究由助熔剂籽晶旋转法生长的LNP晶体的生长缺陷。本文除对晶体中的包裹物和位错缺陷等进行了详细观察描述外，还发现了一种比较奇特的腐蚀沟槽。最后分析了这些缺陷的成因和克服办法。

简介：用延展X光吸收精细结构光谱(EXAFS)研究了重金属Zn(Ⅱ)在水锰矿(Y-MnOOH)上吸附产物的微观结构及其吸附机制。结果表明，Zn(Ⅱ)-水锰矿体系中(pH7．5，0．1MNaNO3介质，25℃)，Zn(Ⅱ)离子主要是通过Zn-O键结合到水锰矿固体表面上的，平均Zn-O原子间距为1．9984-0．010A(n=3)。同时，第二配位层(Zn-Mn相互作用)的EXAFS图谱解新证明存在两个典型的Zn-Mn原子间距，即R1=3．08±0．024A(n=3)和R2=3．54±0．018A(n=3)。这两个Zn-Mn原子距分别对应于水锰矿结构单元MnO6八面体与Zn水合离子ZnO多面体结合的两种方式，即边-边结合与角-角结合。边-边结合是较强的吸附位，Zn-Mn原子距较短(Rl=3．08A)，吸附较不可逆。角-角结合是较弱的吸附位，Zn-Mn原子距较长(R2=3．54A)，吸附较为可逆。宏观的吸附一解吸热力学实验表明Zn(Ⅱ)在水锰矿上的吸附是不可逆的，EXAFS结果指出这种不可逆性主要是由Zn水合离子中Zn0多面体与水锰矿结构单元MnO6八面体之间的边-边结合所导致的。

简介：Alowpoweratmosphericpressureplasmajetdrivenbya24kHzACpowersourceandoperatedwithaCH4/airgasmixturehasbeeninvestigatedbyopticalemissionspectrometer.Theplasmaparametersincludingtheelectronexcitationtemperature,vibrationaltemperatureandrotationaltemperatureoftheplasmajetatdifferentdischargepowersarediagnosedbasedontheassumptionthatthekineticenergyofthespeciesobeystheBoltzmanndistribution.TheelectrondensityatdifferentpowerisalsoinvestigatedbyHβStarkbroadening.Theresultsshowthattheplasmasourceworksundernon-equilibriumconditions.Itisalsofoundthatthevibrationaltemperatureandrotationaltemperatureincreasewithdischargepower,whereastheelectronexcitationtemperatureseemstohaveadownwardtrend.Theelectrondensityincreasesfrom0.8×1021m-3to1.1×1021m-3whenthedischargepowerincreasesfrom53Wto94W.

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简介：Insituwhite-beamsynchrotronradiationtopographicobservationsunderanelectricfieldhavebeenmadeontheKTiOPO4(KTP)familyofcrystals.Theinvestigationshowsastrongenhancementofdiffractedintensityforhklreflections(l≠0)andtopographiccontrastintheformoffinestriationswhentheexternalelectricfieldisparalleltothepolaraxis.Severalkkindsofdopedandundopedsampleswithvariousgrown-indefects,suchasdomainboundaries.growthstriations,growth-sectorboundaries.dislocations.etc.,havebeenstudiedindetail.Theresultssuggestthatthesedefectshaveverylittleeffectonthefield-inducedstriations,ItisbelievedthatthemovementofK^+ionsdrivenbytheelectricfieldleadstoalocalaccumulationofchargesandalatticedistortion.Thestronlyanisotropicconductivityisagoverningfactorintheexplanationofthefield-relatedphenomenainthiskindofquasi-one-dimensionalconductor.

简介：ThispaperpresentsabriefoverviewofCO2reformingofCH4（CRM）byvariousformsof'arc'plasma,whichismoresuitabletoCRM,andtheenergyefficiencyisusedtoevaluatedifferentplasmaprocessesspecifically.Accordingtothereportedresults,thearcthermalplasmawithbinodeexhibitedbetterperformance.Moreover,theplasmaCRMprocesswascomparedwiththereportedplasmasteamreformingofCH4（SRM）process,andtheresultsshowedthattheformerprocesshasadvantagesonenergyefficiencyandCH4consumption.Additionally,itisbelievedthattheplasmaCRMprocesswouldbecompetitivewiththeconventionalSRMprocessinbothenergyefficiencyandCO2emissiononcetheheatmanagementisemphasizedandtherenewablepowerisused.Finally,aconceptofplasmareactorforindustrialapplicationisproposed.

简介：本文在分析了北京同步辐射室4B9B原束线低能分支的构造及弊病后，在不影响束线高能分支性能及总体机械结构的基础上提出了改进方案。文中不仅详细介绍了该设计方案，同时也介绍了97年4月份专用光开始前夕的调试工作及出光后束线的性能测试工作，测试结果完全符合设计要求。该束线在这次同步辐射专用光实验中充分发挥了改进后的优势，取得了令人满意的结果。

简介：本论文主要利用同步辐射白光貌相术和单色光貌相术、常规X射线衍衬貌相术。同步辐射Laue衍射、高分辨X射线衍射、光学显微术，对KTP系列晶体中的生长缺陷、畴结构组态和对物理性能的影响，以及KTP晶体在外电场作用下的结构变化作了观察、研究和探讨。

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简介：Netemissioncoefficientsofradiationwerecalculatedforisothermalplasmaofmethaneasafunctionoftheplasmatemperature5,000～30,000Kandthearcradius0mmto10mmatatmosphericpressure.Calculationstakeintoaccountcontinuumandlineradiations,specialattentionhasalsobeengiventotheinfluenceofoverlappingspectrallines.ThelineshapesinourcalculationsaregivenbyconvolutionofDopplerandLorentzprofiles,resultinginasimplifiedVoigtprofile.Inthecaseofahydrogenprofile,weusedtheVidaltables,andthefourfirstLymanlinesandthefourfirstBalmerlineswereconsidered.Thiscalculationwascarriedoutontheassumptionoflocalthermodynamicequilibriumandinanondiffusiveenvironment.ThenetemissioncoefficientcalculationforpureargonplasmawascomparedwiththeexperimentalresultsofEvansinourpreviouswork.Weusedtheescapefactor,andourresultswerehigherthanthoseoftheexperiment.Inthispaper,weexplainwhy,usingtheescapefactor,theradiationisoverestimated.ThenetemissioncoefficientobtainedfromarealspectrumwascomparedwithEssoltaniwork’swhichusedtheline-by-linemethodforpureargonplasma.