简介:ThesurfacecompositionandelectronicstructureoftungstencarbidespreparedbydirectsynthesisandcarburizationofwhitetungsticacidwerestudiedwithX-rayphotoelectronspectros-copy.TheexperimentalresultsshowthatWO3andfreecarbonarepresentonthesurfaceofthecarbides.Forthehighsurfaceareatungstencarbidepreparedfromwhitetungsticacidalargeextentofoxygeninsertionintothecrystallatticewasobserved.MeasurementsofthebindingenergiesoftheW47/2,C1sandO1scorelevelsindicatethatchargetransferisfromtheWtotheCandOatoms,formingW5d-C2pandW5d-O2pbonding.ThecatalyticbehaviorofthetungstencarbidesinhydrocarbonconversionreactionsismentionedandcomparedwithPtcatalysts.
简介:TheX-rayphotoelectronspectroscopy(XPS)techniquewasusedtostudythereactionofphenylisocyanateandcellulosewithdifferentmoisturecontents(MC).TheC1SXPSpeakofcelluloseisonlyonesymmetricalcontributionat285.95eV.WhiletheC1SXPSpeaksofN,N-dibenzylurea,thereactionresultantofphenylisocyanateandwater,havetwocontributionsat288.6±9.1eVand284.7±0.1eVcorrespondingtothecarbonylgroupandphenylringgroup,respectively.Theirarearatioisbetween11.88and11,98thatisquiteneattothetheoreticalvalueof12.0.Withthemoisturecontent(MC)ofcelluloseincreased,theproportionofisocyanatereactedwithwaterincreased.WhentheMCreaches9.78%,92.98%ofallconsumedisocyanatewillreactwithwater.Byspatteringanalysis,itrevealsthatthereactionresultantsofbenzylisocyanatedistributemainlyonthesurfaceofcellulose.
简介:在在黄金和kaolinite表面之间的kaolinite和相互作用的金胶体的分发被传播电子显微镜学(TEM)和X-raypliotoelectron光谱学(XPS)调查。在金粒子和kaolinite的边表面之间有强壮的相互作用,在低酸碱值答案,kaolinite的边表面断然被控告,在colloide金牌粒子之间的静电的吸引力和积极的边表面ofkaolinite将便于胶态金粒子的吸附到suface上。TEMobservation证明金粒子的总数形态学被particle-particleinteraction统治,金粒子在kaolinite晶体的边表面上被吸附,源于在胶态金粒子和kaolinite的积极表面之间的静电的吸引力。在Au4f电子系列,有四座精力山峰的XPS数据表演联系了衣服旧,83.8eV,85.7eV,87.5eV,和89.4eV,分别地它建议处于化学状态,有金属性的黄金,Au结合到O,类似于Au_2O_3的形式,并且合成Au_2O_3在kaolinite的边表面和胶态金表面之间被形成。
简介:Inthispaper,theeffectofcatalyticsupportandsulfidingmethodonthechemicalstateofsupportedCo-MocatalystsisstudiedbyXPS.Aftersulfidationwithin-situmethod,themajorityofmolybdenuminCNTsupportedCoMocatalystistransferredtoaspecieswithaformalchemicalstateMo(Ⅳ)inMoS2phase,andtheresttoMo(Ⅴ)whichconsistsofMocoordinatedbothtoOandS,suchasMoO2S2^2-andMoO3S^2-.IncaseofCoMo/γ-Al2O3catalystsulfidedwithin-situmethod,afractionofmolybdenumistransferredtoformalstateMo(Ⅳ)intheformofMoS2,butthereisstillamountofunreducedMo(VI)phasewhichisdifficulttobesulfided.InCoMo/CNTcatalyricsystemsulfidedwithex-situmethod,Mo(IV)intheformofMoS2isdetectedalongwithaportionofunreducedMo(VI)phase,suggestingthatnotalltheMophasesarereducedandsulfidedbyex-situmethod.AsforCoMo/γ-Al2O3,aportionofmolybdenumissulfidedtointermediatereducedstateMo(V)whichconsistsofMocoordinatedbothtoOandS,suchasMoO2S2^2-andMoO3S^2-,inaddition,thereisstillafractionofunreducedMo(Ⅵ)phase.XPSanalysesresultssuggestthatCNTsupportfacilitatesthereductionandsulfidationofactivespeciestoalargeextent,andthataluminasupportstronglyinteractswithactivespecies,herebyproducingafractionofphasewhichresistscompletesulfiding.CatalyticmeasurementsofcatalystsintheHDSofdibenzothiophene(DBT)showthatCoMo/CNTcatalystsareofhigherHDSactivityandselectivitythanCoMo/γ-Al2O3catalyst,whichisingoodrelationwiththesulfidingbehaviorofthecorrespondingcatalyst.
简介:摘要随着人口的增多,对于社会资源的需求也不断增多。与此同时,由于资源利用的不合理,加剧了资源短缺的紧张形势。随着可持续发展理念的提出,人们开始改变以往的发展模式,在追求经济效益的同时,也注重保护资源和环境。近些年来,社会各界开始大力倡导节能环保理念。特别是在建筑行业,这一理念的推广,使得建筑行业迎来了史上新的发展战略期。XPS聚苯板构造简化,价格低廉,保温性能好,符合建筑节能方向近年来被广泛运用,本文结合笔者工作实践经验谈谈XPS聚苯板外墙外保温涂料饰面的施工技术及控制。
简介:Thesurfaceandinterfaceelectronicstatesoftris-(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum(Alq3)/indium-tinoxide(ITO)weremeasuredandanalyzedbyX-rayphotoelectronspectroscopy(XPS).Theresultsindicatedthat,inAlq3molecule,thebindingenergy(Eb)ofAlatomsis70.7eVand75.1eV,correspondingtoAl(O)andAl(Ⅲ),respectively;ThebindingenergyofCis285.8eV,286.3eV,and286.8eV,correspondingtoCofC-Cgroup,C-O,andC-Nbond,respectively.Nisthemainpeaklocatingat401.0eV,correspondingtoNatomofC-N=C.OatomsmainlybondtoHatom,withthebindingenergyof533.2eV.AsthesputteringtimeofAr+ionbeamincreases,Al2p,C1s,N1s,O1s,In3d5/2andSn3d5/2peaksslightlyshifttowardslowerbindingenergy,andAl2p,C1sandN1speaksgetweaker,whichcontributestodiffusingtheoxygen,indiumandtininITOintoAlq3layer.