简介:《喉科手术学》2000年出版,2002年第2次印刷。近十年间随着医学技术飞跃发展,喉科手术也在不断更新及创新。为了适应新的形式,人民卫生出版社于2007年出版了《喉科手术学》第2版。此版主要围绕有关保留、改菩喉功能的理论,特别是新发展的手术为主要增修内容,增加了与保留和改善喉功能研究发展相关的喉及喉咽的解剖及生理:增补了保留或改善喉功能的手术、喉显微手术、喉咽癌激光手术、喉返神经单、双侧麻痹及喉手术后喉功能不良新发展的喉功能整复术、喉误吸手术、喉蹼切除术、喉肉芽肿切除术、杓状软骨脱位、骨折和固定的整复术:补充了喉气管狭窄,喉、喉咽和颈食管癌等新的手术方法;充实了甲状腺肿瘤手术,颈淋巴结清扫术内容,
简介:TheGJB2gene(connexin26)hasbeenshowntoberesponsibleforDFNB1andDFNA3.WescreenedtheGJB2genein488patientswithprelingualdeafness(Group1),124withpostlingualdeafness(Group2),and117normalhearingsubjects(Group3).Wefoundthat,inGroup1,65patients(13.32%)werehomozygotesorcompoundheterozygotesand51patients(10.45%)carriedasinglepathogenicmutation.The235delCmutationwasthemostfrequentmutation,accountingfor73.22%oftheknownpathogenicallelesinGroup1.NohomozygotesorcompoundheterozygotesweredetectedinGroup2orGroup3.Somepostlingualdeafpatients(2.42%)andnormalhearingsubjects(4.27%)were235delCcarriers.Ourpreliminarydataindicatethat235delC,themostfrequentmutationidentifiedinthisstudy,isamajorcauseforprelingualdeafness.
简介:目的构建含有人E2F2基因和绿色荧光蛋白基因(pEGFP)的腺病毒载体,为聋病的基因治疗奠定实验基础。方法根据已知的E2F2基因序列设计并合成相应的双链DNA,将其与酶切线性化的pDC315-EGFP载体片段连接,构建穿梭质粒pDC315-GFP-E2F2,并将其与腺病毒骨架质粒pBHGlox△E1,3Cre共转染HEK293细胞,同源重组产生重组腺病毒。对重组腺病毒进行扩增、纯化及滴度测定,用聚合酶链反应和测序方法验证穿梭质粒pDC315-GFP-E2F2穿梭质粒的构建;通过荧光显微镜和Westernblot(蛋白质印迹)方法,分别检测质粒pDC315-GFP-E2F2和重组腺病毒表达E2F2蛋白情况。结果经聚合酶链反应鉴定和测序分析,证实穿梭质粒pDC315-GFP-E2F2与设计一致;经荧光显微镜检测,分别由穿梭质粒pDC315-GFP-E2F2、重组腺病毒转染的HEK293细胞均可观察到GFP表达;经WesternBlot检测出在72kDa~95kDa处有条特征带,其大小和E2F2-GFP融合蛋白(~76kDa)相吻合;滴度测定为1×1011PFU/ml(PFU,plaqueformingunit,空斑形成单位)。结论成功构建了人E2F2基因重组腺病毒载体,并能在HEK293细胞中表达。
简介:摘要目的探讨妊娠期甲状腺激素水平与血清β-hCG水平之间的关系,以指导临床正确处理妊娠期甲状腺疾病。方法随机选取在本院妇女保健门诊做常规产前检查的138名孕妇为研究对象,根据妊娠周期不同,分为孕早期、孕中期和孕晚期妇女各46例。分别检测三组孕妇血清FT4、FT3、TSH和β-hCG水平。结果孕早期与孕中期的TSH、FT4、FT3、β-hCG水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);孕晚期TSH水平明显高于孕早期、孕中期,FT3、FT4、β-hCG水平明显低于孕早期、孕中期(P<0.05)。结论妊娠期妇女体内各激素水平间保持着动态平衡状态,以维持正常的妊娠。
简介:WehavedeliveredviralvectorscontainingeitherChop2fusedwithGFP,Channelrhodopsin-2(ChR2),orHalorhodopsin(HaloR)fusedwithmCherry(toformlightgatedcationchannelsorchloridepumps,respectively),intothedorsalcochlearnucleus(DCN).OnetoeighteenmonthslaterweexaminedtheCNandinferiorcolliculus(IC)forevidenceofvirallytransfectedcellsandprocesses.ProductionofChR2andHaloRwasobservedthroughouttheDCN.Rhodopsinlocalizationwithinneuronswasdetermined,withelongate,fusiformandgiantcellsidentifiedbasedonmorphologyandlocationwithintheDCN.ProductionofChR2andHaloRwasfoundatboththeinjectionsiteaswellasinregionsprojectingtoandfromtheDCN.LightdrivenneuronalactivityintheDCNwasdependentuponthewavelengthandintensityofthelight,withonlytheappropriatewavelengthresultinginactivationandhigherintensitylightresultinginmoreneuronalactivity.Transfectingcellsviaviraldeliveryofrhodopsinscanbeusefulasatracttracerandasaneuronalmarkertodelineatepathways.Inthefuturerhodopsindeliveryandactivationmaybedevelopedasanalternativetoelectricalstimulationofneurons.
简介:1耳科常用激光激光是继原子能、计算机以及半导体之后,人类的又一重大发明。因其前所未有的高能量、高精确性等特点,激光自发明伊始即被广泛应用于包括临床医学在内的各个领域。在耳科学领域,空间狭小、组织功能脆弱等特征使得耳科手术始终充满了挑战。近年来,随着显微设备、激光设备及手术技术的不断进步,激光技术在耳科学的应用日趋普及并取得了巨大的成功。
简介:目的探讨心理护理在人工耳蜗植入患儿围手术期的作用.方法对127例患儿父母进行问卷调查,收集基本资料和对焦虑水平进行评分,分别采用导入式游戏、开展健康知识讲座、召开沟通座谈会、成功病例介绍等形式帮助患儿及父母在手术前、术中及术后各期存在负性心理时给予针对性心理护理干预.结果116名(91.3%)患儿父母存在焦虑,父母文化程度高及职业为干部者焦虑比例高.所有人工耳蜗植入患儿都能顺利地完成手术,术后效果好,同时患儿家长也都愿意积极的配合医护人员做好后期的言语康复训练,提高了患儿及家长对获得听力,提高其语言交流能力的信心.结论系统的心理护理不仅是保证手术成功的重要因素,同时也是提高术后言语康复减轻聋儿及家长负性心理影响的重要手段.
简介:MutationsinGJB2genearethemostfrequentlyfoundmutationsinpatientswithnonsyndromichearingimpairment.However,thespectrumandprevalenceofmutationsinthisgenevaryamongdifferentethnicgroups.InChina,30,000infantsarebornwithcongenitalhearingimpairmentannually.Inordertoprovideappropriategenetictestingandcounselingtothefamilies,weinvestigatedthemolecularetiologyofnonsyndromicdeafnessin103unrelatedschoolchildrenattendingNantongSchoolfortheDeafandMuteinJiangsuProvince,China.ThecodingexonoftheGJB2genewasPCRamplifiedandsequenced.SixtytwoGJB2mutantalleleswereidentifiedin35.9%(37/103)ofthepatients.Twentyfivepatientscarriedtwopathogenicmutationsand12patientscarriedonemutantallele.The235delCwasthemostcommonmutationaccountingfor69.4%(43/62)ofGJB2mutantalleles.TheGJB2mutantallelesaccountedfor30.1%(62/206)ofallchromosomesresponsiblefornonsyndromichearingimpairment.Testingofthe3mostprevalentdeleteriousframeshiftmutationsinthiscohortdetected100%ofallGJB2mutantalleles.TheseresultsdemonstratethataneffectivegenetictestingofGJB2geneforpatientsandfamilieswithnonsyndromichearingimpairmentispossible.
简介:ObjectiveToinvestigateGJB2mutationprevalencesintheUigurandHanethnicgroupsinXinjiang,China,anddeterminetherelationshipbetweenethnicityandGJB2genemutations.MethodsInformationregardingethnicityofpatients'familieswasobtainedthroughmedicalrecordsreviewand/orpatientinterview.Bloodsampleswerecollectedfrom61Uigursand66Hansfordirectsequencingofthecodingregionandintron/exonboundariesoftheGBJ2gene.ResultsCarrierfrequencyofGJB2mutationswassimilarbetweentheUigurandHansubjects.TheGJB235delGmutationwasseenonlyinUigurpatientswithhearingloss,whereasthe235delCmutationwasidentifiedinbothUigurandHanpatients.TheallelicFrequencyof35delGmutationwas7.4%(9/122)inUigurdeafstudents,butnoneinHandeafstudents(0/128)andUigurcontrols(0/196).TheallelicfrequencyofGJB2235delCmutationinUigurandHandeafstudentswas5.7%and9.8%,andthatof299-300delATmutationwas0.8%and5.5%,respectively.V27IandE114Gwerethemostfrequenttypesofpolymorphism.ConclusionWefoundanAsian-specificGJB2diversityamongUigurs,andcomparableGJB2contributiontodeafnessinUigurandHanpatients.Thehighcarrierfrequencyof35delGinUigurs(11.5%)isprobablydefinedbygenedrift/foundereffectinaparticulargroup.EventhoughGJB2mutationshavebeenwidelyreportedintheliterature,thisdiscussionrepresentsthefirstreportofGJB2mutationsinChinesemulti-ethnicpopulations.
简介:目的探讨妊娠期过敏性鼻炎的临床诊治。方法随机选取2016年8月-2018年8月我院收治的过敏性鼻炎患者60例,采用SPSS21.0将入组患者按先后序列号(1-60)随机分为2组,单独治疗组30例(布地奈德鼻喷剂),联合治疗组30例(布地奈德鼻喷剂联合氯雷他定药剂),对两组患者的临床疗效、鼻粘膜激发试验阳性情况、鼻窦炎、哮喘症状改善情况、见效时间、治疗周期进行统计分析。结果联合治疗组治愈13例,显效10例,有效6例,治疗总有效率为96.7%(29/30);单独治疗组治愈4例,显效9例,有效10例,治疗总有效率为76.7%(23/30)。联合治疗组患者治疗的总有效率显著高于单独治疗组(P〈0.05),鼻粘膜激发试验阳性率36.7%(11/30)、鼻窦炎90.0%(27/30)、哮喘症状改善率93.3%(28/30)均显著高于单独治疗组(P〈0.05)。见效时间(14.0±2.1)d、治疗周期(1.3±0.4)月均显著短于单独治疗组(P〈0.05)。结论妊娠期过敏性鼻炎的布地奈德鼻喷剂联合氯雷他定药剂治疗效果较单独布地奈德鼻喷剂治疗好,更能有效改善患者临床疗效及症状,缩短患者见效时间、治疗周期,值得在临床推广。