简介：Supernova(SN)neutrinosdetectedontheEartharesubjecttotheshockwaveeffects,theMikheyev–Smirnov–Wolfenstein(MSW)effects,theneutrinocollectiveeffectsandtheEarthmattereffects.Consideringtherecentexperimentalresultaboutthelargemixingangleθ13(■8.8°)providedbytheDayaBayCollaborationandapplyingtheavailableknowledgefortheneutrinoconversionprobabilityinthehighresonanceregionofSN,PH,whichisintheformofhypergeometricfunctioninthecaseoflargeθ13,wededucetheexpressionofPHtakingintoaccounttheshockwaveeffects.ItisfoundthatPHisnotzeroinacertainrangeoftimeduetotheshockwaveeffects.Afterconsideringallthefourphysicaleffectsandscanningrelevantparameters,wecalculatetheeventnumbersofSNneutrinosforthe"Garching"distributionofneutrinoenergyspectrum.Fromthenumericalresults,itisfoundthatthebehaviorsofneutrinoeventnumbersdetectedontheEarthdependontheneutrinomasshierarchyandneutrinospectrumparametersincludingthedimensionlesspinchingparameterβα(whereαreferstoneutrinoflavor),theaverageenergy,andtheSNneutrinoluminositiesLα.Finally,wegivetherangesofSNneutrinoeventnumbersthatwillbedetectedattheDayaBayexperiment.

简介：Theworkpresentedinthispaperisastudyofoutputtemporalcontrastdegradationbynear-fieldqualitydeterioration,suchasintensitymodulationandwavefrontdeviation,inalargeaperturehighpowershortpulselasersystem.AtwostepfocusingalgorithmwithacoordinatetransformbasedontheFresnelapproximationinthespacedomainisusedforsimulatingtheoutputfocusedbyanoff-axisparabolicmirror.Thetemporalcontrastdegradationbyintensitymodulationandwavefrontdeviationisanalyzedandtheinfluenceofthediameteronthetemporalcontrastdegradationisrevealed.ThesimulationandassumptionresultsbasedontheparametersoftheShenGuang-IIlasersystemarecomparedwiththeonlineexperimentaltemporalcontrastdata.Thenear-fieldqualitydeteriorationmightleadtotemporalcontrastdegradation,hinderinghighertemporalcontrastinlargeaperturehighpowershortpulselasersystems.

简介：Potassiumdihydrogenphosphate(KDP)singlecrystalsaretheonlynonlinearcrystalscurrentlyusedforelectro-opticswitchesandfrequencyconvertersininertialconfinementfusionresearch,duetotheirlargedimensionandexclusivephysicalproperties.Basedonthetraditionalsolution-growthprocess,largebulkKDPcrystals,usuallywithsizesupto600×600mm2soastomakeafrequencydoublerforthefacilityrequirementloadinghighlyfluxofpowerlaser,canbegrowninstandardHolden-typecrystallizers,withoutspontaneousnucleationandvisibledefects,onetotwoordersofmagnitudefasterthanbyconventionalmethods.PurewaterandKDPrawmaterialwithafewionimpuritiessuchasFe,Cr,andAl(lessthan0.1ppm)wereused.Therapid-growthmethodincludesextremeconditionssuchastemperaturerangefrom60to35℃,overcoolingupto5℃,growthratesexceeding10mm/day,andcrystalsizeupto600mm.TheopticalparametersofKDPcrystalsweredetermined.Theopticalpropertiesofcrystalsdeterminedindicatethattheyareoffavorablequalityforapplicationinthefacility.

简介：Icing(oriceaccretion)isaphenomenoninwhichsuper-cooledwaterdropletsimpingeandaccreteonabody.Itiswellknownthaticeaccretiononbladesandvanesleadstoperformancedegradationandhascausedsevereaccidents.Althoughvariousanti-icinganddeicingsystemshavebeendeveloped,suchaccidentsstilloccur.Therefore,itisimportanttoclarifythephenomenonoficeaccretiononanaircraftandinajetengine.However,flighttestsforiceaccretionareveryexpensive,andinthewindtunnelitisdifficulttoreproduceallclimateconditionswhereiceaccretioncanoccur.Therefore,itisexpectedthatcomputationalfluiddynamics(CFD),whichcanestimateiceaccretioninvariousclimateconditions,willbeausefulwaytopredictandunderstandtheiceaccretionphenomenon.Ontheotherhand,althoughtheicingcausedbysuper-cooledlargedroplets(SLD)isverydangerous,thenumericalmethodhasnotbeenestablishedyet.ThisiswhySLDicingischaracterizedbysplashandbouncephenomenaofdropletsandtheyareverycomplexinnature.Inthepresentstudy,wedevelopaniceaccretioncodeconsideringthesplashandbouncephenomenatopredictSLDicing,andthecodeisappliedtoafanrotorblade.ThenumericalresultswithandwithouttheSLDicingmodelarecompared.Throughthisstudy,theinfluenceoftheSLDicingmodelisnumericallyclarified.

简介：LargeapertureNd:phosphatelaserglassisakeyopticalelementforaninertialconfinementfusion(ICF)facility.N31,onetypeofneodymiumdopedphosphateglasses,wasdevelopedforhighpeakpowerlaserfacilityapplicationsinChina.ThecompositionandmainpropertiesofN31glassaregiven,togetherwiththoseofLHG-8,LG-770,andKGSS-0180Nd:phosphatelaserglasses,fromHoyaandSchott,andfromRussia.Thetechnologiesofpotmelting,continuousmelting,andedgecladdingoflargesizeN31phosphatelaserglassarebrieflydescribed.ThesmallsignalgainprofilesofN31glassslabsfrombothpotmeltingandcontinuousmeltingatvariousvaluesofthepumpingenergyofthexenonlamparepresented.N31glassischaracterizedbyastimulatedemissioncrosssectionof3.8×10-20cm2at1053nm,anabsorptioncoefficientof0.10–0.15%cm-1atlaserwavelength,smallresidualstressaroundtheinterfacebetweenthecladdingglassandthelaserglass,opticalhomogeneityof～2×10-6ina400mmaperture,andlaserdamagethresholdlargerthan42J/cm2fora3nspulsewidthat1064nmwavelength.