简介：Thetyphoon,asamaturetropicalcyclonethatdevelopsinthewesternpartoftheNorthPacificOceanwithhighwindspeedandheavyrainfall,isoneofthemostlethalandcostlyofnaturaldisastersforthedenselypopulatedcountriesofEastAsia.Itcanbeeasilydetectedbyspace-bornesensorsoperatedatmicrowave,visibleorinfraredbands(Liuetal.,2014).SyntheticApertureRadar(SAR)is

简介：Astheexplorationandexploitationofoilandgasproliferatethroughoutdeepwaterarea,therequirementsonthereliabilityofdynamicpositioningsystembecomeincreasinglystringent.Thecontrolobjectiveensuringsafetyoperationatdeepwaterwillnotbemetbyasinglecontrollerfordynamicpositioning.Inordertoincreasetheavailabilityandreliabilityofdynamicpositioningcontrolsystem,thetripleredundancyhardwareandsoftwarecontrolarchitecturesweredesignedanddevelopedaccordingtothesafespecificationsofDP-3classificationnotationfordynamicallypositionedshipsandrigs.Thehardwareredundantconfigurationtakestheformoftriple-redundanthotstandbyconfigurationincludingthreeidenticaloperatorstationsandthreereal-timecontrolcomputerswhichconnecteachotherthroughdualnetworks.Thefunctionofmotioncontrolandredundancymanagementofcontrolcomputerswereimplementedbysoftwareonthereal-timeoperatingsystemVxWorks.Thesoftwarerealizationoftaskloosesynchronization,majorityvotingandfaultdetectionwerepresentedindetails.Ahierarchicalsoftwarearchitecturewasplanedduringthedevelopmentofsoftware,consistingofapplicationlayer,real-timelayerandphysicallayer.ThebehavioroftheDP-3dynamicpositioningcontrolsystemwasmodeledbyaMarkovmodeltoanalyzeitsreliability.Theeffectsofvariationinparametersonthereliabilitymeasureswereinvestigated.Thetimedomaindynamicsimulationwascarriedoutonadeepwaterdrillingrigtoprovethefeasibilityoftheproposedcontrolarchitecture.

简介：Thegrowth,biochemicalcontentandbioaccumulationquantityof2,2’,4,4’-tetrabromodiphenylether(BDE-47)inSkeletonemacostatumwerestudiedunderdifferentN:Pratios(1,4,16,64and128).AllcellularbiochemicalcontentsofS.costatumpresenteddecreasingtrendovercultivationtime.Atearlystageofcultivation,thecellularprotein,carbohydrateandlipidinS.costatumpresentedhighervaluesintreatmentsofN:P=4and16.However,theywerelowerinthesetreatmentsatthelatestage,buthigherintreatmentsN:P=1and128.Similarly,BDE-47levelspercellofS.costatumwerehigherintreatmentsofN:P=4and16atearlystageofcultivation,whichwere3.8and3.7ng(106cells)-1,respectively.Atthemiddlestageofcultivation,theBDE-47levelperS.costatumcelllowered;anditfurtherreducedinthetreatmentsofN:P=4and16atthelatestagewiththevalues0.6and0.5ng(106cells)-1,respectively.However,itroseinN:P=128,reachingupto2.3ng(106cells)-1.ComparedwithBDE-47percell,BDE-47peralgalvolumeunderdifferentN:Pratiosdidnotpresentobviousdifference.ThequantityBDE-47accumulatedpercellofS.costatumwaspositivelycorrelatedwithprotein,carbohydrateandlipidpercell;meanwhile,theBDE-47pervolumehadapositivecorrelationwithbiochemicalcontentpervolume.ThevariationofbioaccumulationabilityofBDE-47inS.costatumcanbeexplainedbybiochemicalchangesduetoN:Pratios.

简介：Outerdensefibersarespecificsubcellularcomponentsofmammalspermflagella,apartfromtheaxonemeanditsassociatedproteins.Asoneoftheouterdensefiberscomponents,ODF3isessentialfortheformationofmammalspermflagella.Inthepresentstudy,weisolatedtheOdf3gene,1033bpinlength,fromZhikongscallopChlamysfarreri,whichwasnamedasCf-Odf3.ItwaspredictedthatCf-Odf3encodesaproteinof240aminoacidswhichcontains5discontinuousPro-Gly-Prorepeats.TheCf-Odf3transcriptsweredetectedinbothtestisandovaryofC.farreriatvariousstagesthroughqRT-PCR.TheCf-ODF3proteinsynthesizedbyprokaryoteswaspurifiedusingNi2+-NTAaffinitychromatographyandusedtoproduceitspolyclonalantibody.TheantibodyproductwaseffectiveandspecificaswasexaminedbyWesternblotting.TheCf-Odf3transcriptandCf-ODF3proteinwerelocatedinintragonadalsomaticcells(ISCs),spermatogoniaandspermatocytesofC.farreritestes,whilenotranscriptionofCf-Odf3andsynthesisofCf-ODF3weredetectedinspermatidsandspermatozoa.ThelocationofOdf3expressionisdifferentfromthatofvertebrateswhereODF3issynthesizedspecificallyinspermatidsandspermflagella.Moreover,theCf-Odf3expressionwasalsodetectedinISCs,oogoniaandoocytesofthescallopovaries.OurfindingrevealedadifferentcharacteristicofOdf3expressionbetweenscallopandvertebrates,whichimpliedthatCf-Odf3playedaroleinthegametogenesisofC.farreri.

简介：EvolutionaryevidencesuggeststhatSox3,amemberofthehigh-mobility-group(HMG)familyoftranscriptionfactors,isanancestralprecursorofSryandisinvolvedinsexdeterminationsimilartoSry.However,thereislimitedinformationregardingtheSOX3geneoftheblackrockfish(Sebastesschlegeli).Inthisstudy,wefirstisolatedSOX3genefromthegonadsofS.schlegelibyhomologycloning.Thefull-lengthofS.schlegeliSOX3(SsSOX3)cDNAwas1386bp,comprisinga906-bpopenreadingframe,whichencodesapeptideshowing93.6%and93.9%homologywiththeSox3proteinsofEpinepheluscoioidesandOryziaslatipe,respectively.ComparisonofthecDNAsequenceoftheSsSOX3genewiththecorrespondinggenomicDNAfragmentrevealedthattheSsSOX3geneconsistsofasingleexon.PhylogeneticanalysisdemonstratedtheevolutionaryrelationshipofSsSOX3withotherknownSOXB1genesinfishandtetrapods.ThepromoterregioncontainsbindingsitesofseveraltranscriptionalfactorsthatmightparticipateintheregulationofSsSOX3expression.Quantitativereal-timePCRanalysisindicatedthatSsSOX3wasexpressedinalltheinvestigatedlarvaldevelopmentalstagesfrom1to35daysafterbirthandthelevelofexpressiongraduallydecreasedasthedevelopmentproceeded.SsSOX3exhibitedsexuallydimorphicexpressioninadultgonads,withhighexpressionintheovarybutlowexpressioninthetestis.InsituhybridizationrevealedthatSsSOX3wasstronglyexpressedinoocytesandfollicularcellsofovariesbutslightlyexpressedingermcellsoftesticulartissues.Therefore,thisstudysuggeststhatSsSOX3playsanimportantroleinoogenesisandovarydifferentiationinS.schlegeli.

简介：Combinedmulti-bodydynamicswithstructuraldynamics,anewdiscreteelementwithflexibleconnector,whichisapplicablefor3-Dbeamstructures,isdevelopedinthispaper.Boththegeneralizedelasticcoefficientmatrixoftheflexibleconnectorandthemassmatrixofdiscreteelementmaybeoff-diag-onalinageneralcase.Thezero-lengthrigidelementisintroducedtosimulatethenodeatwhichmultipleel-ementsarejointedtogether.Itmayalsobeeffectivewhentheaxesofadjacentelementsarenotinthesameline.Theexamplesforeigenvaluecalculationshowthatthemodelissuccessful.Itcanbeextendedtothegeometricnonlinearresponseanalysis.

简介：TiO2filmswereformedonmetallictitaniumsubstratesbytheanodicoxidationmethodinH2SO4solutionunderthe80VD.C..PhasecomponentandmicrostructurewerecharacterizedbyX-raydiffraction(XRD)andscanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM).Watercontactanglesontitaniumoxidefilmsurfaceweremeasuredunderbothdarkandsunlightilluminationconditions.Corrosiontestswerecarriedoutinseawaterunderdifferentilluminationconditionsbyelectrochemistryimpedancespectrum(EIS)andpolarizationcurves.TheresultshowedthattheTiO2filmpreparedbytheanodicoxidationmethodwasanatasewithauniformstructureandwithoutobviousporesorcracksonitssurface.Theaveragewatercontactangleofthefilmwas116.4?indark,incontrasttoanangleof42.7?undertheUVilluminationfor2hours,whichdemonstratesgoodhydrophobicproperty.Theanti-corrosionbehavioroftheTiO2filmwasdecliningwiththeextendedimmersiontime.Underdarkconditions,however,thehydrophobicTiO2filmretardedthewaterinfiltratingintothesubstrate.Theimpedancechangedslowlyandthecorrosioncurrentdensitywas2ordersofmagnitudelowerthanthatwiththefilmilluminatedbysunlight.AllofthosementionedaboveindicatethattheTiO2filmpossessesmuchbetterperformanceunderdarkcondition,anditcanbeappliedasanengineeringmaterialunderdarkseawaterenvironment.

简介：为弥补测高数据在近海区域因为编辑准则被剔除而导致近海测量数据质量不高的缺点,利用5参数模型的两种形式和Ice-2模型对Jason-2卫星在中国南海部分海域的海洋回波波形进行了波形重跟踪的研究,并选择20个海洋回波波形,依据最小二乘原理进行计算、分析、对比,发现5参数模型的指数形式的结果和Ice-2模型结果非常接近.研究结果表明,在开阔的海域,对Jason-2波形进行3种方法波形重跟踪时,可以优先考虑Ice-2模型.波形重跟踪技术能够提高卫星测高数据利用率,为科学研究提供可靠的数据保障.

简介：AbundantevidencesofhighersealevelsfromJiangsuandFujiancoastshaveprovedamarinetransgressioneventduring30–40kaBP,suggestingthattherewasastagewithhighsealevelandawarmclimatewhenicesheetsshrankintheNorthernHemisphere.Thedurationof30–40kaBPspannedaperiodinthelateMarineIsotopeStage3(MIS3)andwasinnatureaninterstadialepochduringtheLastGlacialperiodoftheQuaternary.Differentfromtheglacialperiodwithacoldclimate,thismarinetransgressionconsideredasapenultimatehighersealevelduringtheQuaternaryremainsapuzzlethatwhytheevidenceiscontrarytotheQuaternaryglacialtheory.Itisimportanttounderstandsealevelrisefortheseareassensitivelyrespondingtotheglobalchangesinthefuture.Torecognizethekeyissuesonsealevelchanges,theeustaticsealevel(H_S)wasdefinedastheglaciation-climateforcedsealevels,andtherelativesealevelchange(H_R)wasdefinedasthatasealevelrecordwaspreservedinsedimentthatexperiencedmultiplesecondaryactionsoflandandseaeffects.Onthebasisasdefinedabove,weconstructedmulti-levelmodelsofclimate-drivenglacio-eustaticchangesandland-seasystems.Byintegratingdatasetsfromeightboreholecoresandprescribingtheboundaryconditions,wesimulatedthechangesofHSandHRintheEastChinaSeaandsouthernYellowSeaareasinthelateMIS3.Themarinetransgressionstratafromtheboreholecoredatawasidentifiedatca.30mbelowpresentsealevelasaresultofthecollectiveinfluenceoficemeltingwater,neotectonicsubsidence,sedimentcompactionandterrestrialsedimentfillingsinceca.35kaago,whereasthesimulatedrelativesea-levelsturnedouttobe–26.3––29.9ma.s.l.Thesmallerrorinvolvedinthesimulationresultsof±(2.5–4.5)mdemonstratedthecredibilityoftheresults.OurresultsindicatedthatsealevelchangeinthelateMIS3wasdominatedbyglacialeffects,inwhichtheeustaticsea-levelwasbetween–19.2�

简介：在视口数据检索之后,视口重建效率成为了影响地形数据三维重建和显示速度的主要因素,视口重建与可利用的开发平台资源密切相关.在剖析Direct3D硬件访问方式的基础上,提出了一套完整的DEM快速重建方法.实验结果表明在相同的条件下,基于Direct3D的视口重建具有明显的速度优势.

简介：FattyacidcompositionsoftwostrainsofmarinediatomsNitzschiaclosterium(MACCB222)andChaetocerosgracilis(MACCB13)havebeenexamined.ThemicroalgaehavebeengrownatdifferentinitialNaNO3concentrations(75,375,750,1125,1500,1875mg/L)andharvestedatthelateexponentialphase.TheresultsbyonefactoranalysisofvarianceshowthattheNaNO3concentrationshavenosignificantinfluenceontherelativegrowthrateoftwostrainsofmarinediatoms;theinfluenceofNaNO3concentrationsonthefattyacidsdiffersfromspeciestospecies.Themajorfattyacidsoftwodiatomstrainsare14:0,16:0,16:ln-7and20:5n-3(EPA),B13alsohashighpercentageof20:4n-6(6.0～9.1%).

简介：CarboncycleisconnectedwiththemostimportantenvironmentalissueofGlobalChange.Asoneofthemajorcarbonreservoirs,oceansplayanimportantpartinthecarboncycle.Inrecentyears,ironseemstogiveusagoodnewsthatoceanicironfertilizationcouldstimulatebiologicalproduc-tivityasCO2sinkofhuman-producedCO2.Oceanicironfertilizationexperimentshaveverifiedthataddingironintohighnutrientlowchlorophyll(HNLC)seawaterscanincreasephytoplanktonproductionandexportorganiccarbon,andhenceincreasecarbonsinkofanthropogenicCO2,toreduceglobalwarming.Insixtydays,theexportorganiccarboncouldreach10000timesforaddingironbymodelpredictionandinsituexperiment,I.e.TheatmosphericCO2uptakeandinorganiccarbondrawdowninupperseawatersalsohavethesamemagnitude.Therefore,oceanicironfertilizationisoneofthestrate-giesforincreasingcarbonsinkofanthropogenicCO2.Thepaperisfocusedontheironfertilization,es-peciallyinsituoceanironexperimentsinorderthatthefutureresearchismoreefficient.

简介：Astochastictwo-dimensionalFornasini-Marchesini'sModelⅡ(2-DFMMⅡ)withmultiplicativenoiseisgiven,andafilteringalgorithmforthismodel,whichisoptimalinthesenseoflinearminimum-variance,isdeveloped.Thestochastic2-DFMMⅡwithmultiplicativenoisecanbereducedtoa1-Dmodel,andtheproposedoptimalfilteringalgorithmforthestochastic2-DFMMⅡwithmultiplicativenoiseisobtainedbyusingthestateestimationtheoryof1-Dsystems.Anexampleisgiventoillustratethevalidityofthisalgorithm.

简介：Thispaperpresentsthedetaildesignconditions,designcriteriaandmethodsaswellasdesignconclusionsoftheprocess,structureandcorrosionoftheproductionflowlinesandhighpressurewaterinjectionlinesinBZ34-2/4oilfieldinBohaiBay.AtpresentthisdesignrepresentsthedesigncapabilityandlevelinthefieldofthesubmarinepipelineengineeringofChina.

简介：Inthisstudy,thecombinedactionsofwavesandtidalcurrentsinestuarineandcoastalareasareconsideredanda2Dmathematicalmodelforsedimenttransportbywavesandtidalcurrentshasbeenestablishedinorthogonalcurvilinearcoordinates.Non-equilibriumtransportequationsofsuspendedloadandbedloadareusedinthemodel.Theconceptofbackgroundconcentrationisintroduced,andtheformulaofsedimenttransportcapacityoftidalcurrentsfortheOujiangRiverestuaryisobtained.TheDouGuorenformulaisemployedforthesedimenttransportcapacityofwaves.SedimenttransportcapacityintheformofmudandtheintensityofbacksiltingarecalculatedbyuseofLuoZaosen'sformula.Thecalculatedtidalstagesareingoodagreementwiththefielddata,andthecalculatedvelocitiesandflowdirectionsof46verticallinesfor8crosssectionsarealsoingoodagreementwiththemeasureddata.Onsuchabasis,simulationsofbacksiltingafterexcavationofthewaterwaywithasandbarundercomplicatedboundaryconditionsinthenavigationchannelinducedbysuspendedload,bedloadandmudbywavesandtidalcurrentsarediscussed.

简介：有不同规模的很多海底的山崩在Liwan3-1气体地的海底的管道线路的峡谷区域被识别了。仍然有许多机会，海底的斜坡失败将发生，并且下列集体运动将介绍大风险给海底的管道。鉴于这，一个数字预言方法基于Eulerian-Eulerian二阶段的流动模型被介绍模仿潜在的海底的山崩的集体运动。滑动土壤和周围的水被Herschel-Bulkley流变学模型和牛顿的液体模型分别地模仿。骚乱用k-模型被模仿。与两个相比实验数据并且是结果，二阶段的流动模型显示出好精确性，并且它的结果是更多关门到实际状况；在土壤和周围的水之间的动态联合能有效地被模仿，hydroplaning和头分开的现象能被获得。最后，潜在的海底的山崩的土壤运动作为一个例子被模仿，根据在峡谷区域的地震侧面。结果证明hydroplaning发生在运动过程期间。二阶段的流动模型计算的刺杀距离是877m，它是27.1%比是大结果。然而，土壤的山峰前面速度是相对的小，与8.32m/s的最大的价值。是有一个简单、快速的过程的节目能被用于初步的评估，当二阶段的流动模型为一个精确评价是更适当的时。

简介：这篇论文为基于的自我类似论述一个便宜方法由使用高度和反照率地图真实世界的3D表面质地编辑。编辑的基于的2Dtexture接近仅仅做变化到象素颜色或紧张的不同自我类似珍视，这种技术也允许表面几何学和捕获的3D表面质地的反射到用原版不同于那些的照明条件和视场角是ited和relit。在一个给定的地点的单个编辑操作影响所有类似的区域并且在在不同条件下面显示的样品的所有图象上生产变化。后来，表面高度和反照率地图能被用来描述海床地形学和地质的特征，它在许多海洋的进程起重要作用，建议方法能有效地关于海洋的现象的可视化和模拟在应用程序被采用。

简介：Atime-domainmethodisappliedtosimulatenonlinearwavediffractionaroundasurfacepiercing3-Darbitrarybody.ThemethodinvolvestheapplicationofTaylorseriesexpansionsandtheuseofperturbationproceduretoestablishthecorrespondingboundaryvalueproblemswithrespecttoatime-independentfluiddomain.AboundaryelementmethodbasedonB-splineexpansionisusedtocalculatethewavefieldateachtimestep,andthefreesurfaceboundaryconditionissatisfiedtothesecondorderofwavesteepnessbyanumericalintegrationintime.Anartificialdampinglayerisadoptedonthefreesurfacefortheremovalofwavereflectionfromtheouterboundary.Asanillustration,themethodisusedtocomputethesecond-orderwaveforcesandrun-uponasurface-piercingcircularcylinder.Thepresentmethodisfoundtobeaccurate,computationallyefficient,andnumericallystable.

简介：一个方便、有效的过程被tosylation和硅石胶化在这研究支持的随后的β-消除为酒精的变换开发到石蜡。有在在0℃的pyridine的p-toluenesulfonyl氯化物的白酒的处理负担得起在房间温度在dichloromethane或氯仿与硅石胶化经历β-消除的tosylates，产出有高生产率的石蜡。

简介：TheDiverGasRecoverySystem(DGRS)isanimportantaccessoryequipmentofthe300mSaturationDiveSystem.Thesystemfacilitatestherecyclingofthebreathinggasesfordivers,therefore,ithasgreateconomicbenefits.InApril1995,a300munmannedtestanda100mmannedtestontheHY2031DGRSwerecarriedoutsuccessively.Tenmonthslater,anothermannedtestontheHY2032DGRS