简介：C3组小鼠的T细胞亚群(CD4+CD8-,本次实验A、B两方对小鼠细胞免疫功能——T淋巴细胞转化和T细胞亚群进行了研究,结果A组CD4+/CD8+低于B、C两组(P<

简介：摘要严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2)属于β冠状病毒，其通过表面刺突蛋白(spike protein, S蛋白)以血管紧张素转换酶2(angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, ACE2)作为受体介导膜融合入侵宿主细胞。感染过程中造成的功能性ACE2水平下降通过影响肾素血管紧张素系统(renin-angiotensin system, RAS)的平衡造成肺部损伤。感染SARS-CoV-2的部分重症感染患者中，机体先天和适应性免疫机制的失衡而形成的细胞因子风暴，可导致急性呼吸窘迫综合征(acute respiratory distress syndrome, ARDS)及全身多器官功能脏器衰竭。适应性免疫的失衡所致淋巴细胞总数的降低，并与不良预后相关。

简介：AbstractThe recently emerged Omicron variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has quickly spread around the world. Although many consensus mutations of the Omicron variant have been recognized, little is known about its genetic variation during its transmission in the population. Here, we comprehensively analyzed the genetic differentiation and diversity of the Omicron variant during its early outbreak. We found that Omicron achieved more structural variations, especially deletions, on the SARS-CoV-2 genome than the other four variants of concern (Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta) in the same timescale. In addition, the Omicron variant acquired, except for 50 consensus mutations, seven great new non-synonymous nucleotide substitutions during its spread. Three of them are on the S protein, including S_A701V, S_L1081V, and S_R346K, which belong to the receptor-binding domain (RBD). The Omicron BA.1 branch could be divided into five divergent groups spreading across different countries and regions based on these seven novel mutations. Furthermore, we found that the Omicron variant possesses more mutations related to a faster transmission rate than the other SARS-CoV-2 variants by assessing the relationship between the genetic diversity and transmission rate. The findings indicated that more attention should be paid to the significant genetic differentiation and diversity of the Omicron variant for better disease prevention and control.

简介：AbstractSince its first discovery, the Omicron variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has evoked another wave of infection and caused global concern and panic. Moreover, although the data are still limited, Omicron showed highly concerning characteristics, including higher transmissibility, extensive immune escape and potentially altered host range. We interpreted these characteristics based on currently available data and outlined some urgent questions, calling for a more comprehensive investigation.

简介：AbstractIn malaria-endemic regions, people often get exposed to various pathogens simultaneously, generating co-infection scenarios. In such scenarios, overlapping symptoms pose serious diagnostic challenges. The delayed diagnosis may lead to an increase in disease severity and catastrophic events. Recent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has affected various areas globally, including malaria-endemic regions. The Plasmodium and SARS-CoV-2 co-infection and its effect on health are yet unexplored. We present a case report of a previously healthy, middle-aged individual from the malaria-endemic area who suffered SARS-CoV-2 and Plasmodium falciparum co-infection. The patient developed severe disease indications in a short time period. The patient showed neurological symptoms, altered hematological as well as liver-test parameters, and subsequent death in a narrow time span. We hereby discuss the various aspects of this case regarding treatment and hematological parameters. Further, we have put forward perspectives related to the mechanism behind severity and neurological symptoms in this fatal parasite-virus co-infection case. In malaria-endemic regions, due to overlapping symptoms, suspected COVID-19 patients should also be monitored for diagnosis of malaria without any delay. The SARS-CoV-2 and Plasmodium co-infection could increase the disease severity in a short time span. In treatment, dexamethasone may not help in severe cases having malaria as well as COVID-19 positive status and needs further exploration.

简介：AbstractThe pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to major public health challenges globally. The increasing viral lineages identified indicate that the SARS-CoV-2 genome is evolving at a rapid rate. Viral genomic mutations may cause antigenic drift or shift, which are important ways by which SARS-CoV-2 escapes the human immune system and changes its transmissibility and virulence. Herein, we summarize the functional mutations in SARS-CoV-2 genomes to characterize its adaptive evolution to inform the development of vaccination, treatment as well as control and intervention measures.

简介：摘要严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒2(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2，SARS-CoV-2)感染造成的新型冠状病毒肺炎(coronavirus disease 2019，COVID-19)是人类本世纪来面临的威胁最大的传染病之一。目前，全球范围内有4类疫苗已经获批上市或授权紧急使用—灭活疫苗、mRNA疫苗、腺病毒载体疫苗和重组蛋白疫苗。随着COVID-19大流行的持续，已进行全程免疫人群的抗体水平逐渐降低，加强免疫是必要的措施，而序贯免疫策略似乎是一种更好的疫苗接种策略。本文将对四类不同技术路线疫苗在序贯免疫中的研究进行综述。

简介：摘要严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2 （severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2，SARS-CoV-2）感染导致的新型冠状病毒肺炎（coronavirus disease 2019，COVID-19）引发全球大流行。HIV感染者/艾滋病患者是一个特殊人群，由于其免疫系统受损及各种并发症，对SARS-CoV-2的感染风险、疾病严重程度和预后等产生重要影响。本文对HIV-1/SARS-CoV-2合并感染的流行病学特点、临床特征和转归等进行综述。

简介：摘要目的分析新型冠状病毒在不同食品和加工材料表面存活规律，为制定预防病毒通过食品和加工材料传播的防控措施和风险评估提供参考。方法将病毒培养物接种至常见进口食品和加工材料表面，使用荧光定量PCR方法测定在不同温度和时间条件下样本表面病毒核酸载量；使用半数组织培养感染剂量实验测定病毒滴度，观察病毒存活时间。使用线性回归模型计算病毒半衰期。结果食品和加工材料表面病毒核酸载量随时间下降，且温度越高病毒核酸载量下降越快。不同种类食品和加工材料表面病毒存活时间不同，室温条件下，猪肉和车厘子表面病毒存活24 h；其次为带鱼和鲜橙表面。加工材料表面病毒存活时间均较短，小于24 h。4 ℃条件下，病毒在猪肉表面至少存活1周，其次为车厘子和带鱼。-20 ℃条件下，病毒在猪肉和塑料包装表面的活性下降缓慢，8周后病毒滴度仍然较高，而在带鱼和纸板表面的活性下降明显。结论不同食品和加工材料表面的病毒核酸存续时间和存活规律不同，且温度越低病毒存活时间越长，应根据食品、加工材料类型，以及生产环境条件制定针对性预防和消毒措施。

简介：　　我院是一所综合性医院,也是重庆市收治严重急性呼吸综合征(severeacuterespirtorysyndrome,SARS)定点医院之一.从2003年4月20日到同年5月28日共计收治SRAS医学观察病人22例,确诊病人1例,全部治愈出院,达到了治愈SARS病人和医务人员零感染的预期目标.在收治SARS的过程中,我们在较短时间中采取相应的应对措施,取得了好的效果,但是也给我们留下了一些启迪,现介绍如下,供以后参考.……

简介：

简介：Themultiplexpolymerasechainreaction(PCR)techniquewasappliedtodetecttheSARS-CoV(severeacuterespiratorysyndrome-associatedcoronavirus)specifictargetcDNAfragmentsinthepresentstudy.ThetargetcDNAfragmentsofSARS-CoVweresynthesizedartificiallyaccordingtothegenomesequenceofSARS-CoVinGenBanksubmittedbyTheChineseUniversityofHongKong,andwereusedassimulatedpositivesamples.FiveprimersrecommendedbyWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)wereusedtoamplifythefragmentsbysinglePCRandmultiplexPCR.ThreetargetcDNAfragments(121,182and302bp),aswellasthethreedifferentcombinationsofanytwoofthesefragments,wereamplifiedbysinglePCR.ThecombinationofthesethreefragmentswasamplifiedbymultiplexPCR.TheresultsindicatedthatthemultiplexPCRtechniquecouldbeappliedtodetecttheSARS-CoVspecifictargetcDNAfragmentssuccessfully.

简介：2003年一季度贸易逆差的主要原因是石油储备和经济高速增长，以及WTO的关税与标准效应。分析表明：我国贸易逆差的形成因素正逐步减弱，因SARS影响，外贸出口将减少300亿美元，高新技术产品出口减少30亿美元，但仅占外贸出口总额9％和高新技术产品出口额的4％左右，影响不大，预计2003年外贸出口增长与2002年持平，并可实现贸易顺差。我国应利用世界经济逐步恢复增长的有利发展环境，在继续吸引外资，扩大出口的基础上，积极实施“走出去”战略，提高对外投资的能力和对外投资的比重，使我国对外经济增长由依靠对外贸易逐步转向依靠对外投资，实现我国对外经济增长方式的战略性转变．

简介：1病例报告患者女性，36岁，系某公司干部。因“发热、咳嗽伴全身酸痛、乏力10d”于2003年5月4日入院。患者于2003年4月24日无明显诱因出现发热，体温37．5℃，在单位医院拍胸片无异常，应用抗菌素（奥复星）及病毒唑治疗无好转，仍发热，体温38．5℃，伴咳嗽、全身酸痛及乏力，无咯血、气促、呼吸困难等症状。

简介：<正>回顾性分析43例SARS患者肾上腺糖皮质激素的初始使用剂量、最高剂量。根据是否在使用初始剂量后需要将肾上腺糖皮质激素加量将患者分为糖皮质激素加量组和非加量组,分别比较两组在临床表现、初始剂量和疗效卜的差异。结果:根据初始3天肾上腺糖皮质激素的剂量,甲泼尼龙（甲基强的松龙）的初始剂量为（170.82±15.89）mg·d-1,范围48-500

简介：Thesuddenoutbreakofsevereacuterespiratorysyndrome(SARS)in2002promptedtheestablishmentofaglobalscientificnetworksubsumingmostofthetraditionalrivalriesinthecompetitivefieldofvirology.WithinmonthsoftheSARSoutbreak,collaborativeworkrevealedtheidentityofthedisastrouspathogenasSARS-associatedcoronavirus(SARS-CoV).However,althoughtherapididentificationoftheagentrepresentedanimportantbreakthrough,ourunderstandingofthedeadlyvirusremainslimited.Detailedbiologicalknowledgeiscrucialforthedevelopmentofeffectivecountermeasures,diagnostictests,vaccinesandantiviraldrugsagainsttheSARS-CoV.ThisarticlereviewsthepresentstateofmolecularknowledgeaboutSARS-CoV,fromtheaspectsofcomparativegenomics,molecularbiologyofviralgenes,evolution,andepidemiology,anddescribesthediagnostictestsandtheanti-viraldrugsderivedsofarbasedontheavailablemolecularinformation.

简介：<正>对45例SARS患者进行回顾性分析。结果:95.6％(43/45)的患者有SARS的接触史,潜伏期2-20d,平均(7.3±4.7)d。临床表现包括有发热(44/45,97.8％)、干咳(31/45,68.9％)、乏力(27/45,60％)、胸闷及气短(24/45,53.3％),关节疼痛、腹泻(各12例,26.7％),4例患者出现咯血。15例重型患者中12例有明显呼吸困难,需无创呼吸机支持。约1/3的患者出现血白细胞及血小板的减少,可有肝功能异常(24例,53.3％)及心肌酶谱升高(26.6％)。胸片出现渗出影的平均时间为(4.2±2.9)d,CT出现异常的时间早于胸片;胸片进展及开始好转吸收的平

简介：在中国对外开放，积极接纳外来文化的今天，英语作为一种广为接受的国际语言，成为了许多大中城市男女老幼争相学习的一种时尚。在与世界文化接轨的时候，SARS的读音却出了差错。我们是凭想当然，还是遵循科学的发音方法？我们是抱着旧有的发音习惯不放，沾沾自喜于中西合璧的洋泾浜英语，还是从基础教育做起，练好语音基本功，从而激发学习英语的热情和信心，找准方法、快速提高英语水平？

简介：

简介：以复杂适应性系统理论为基本的指导思想,考察了传染病非典型性肺炎(SARS)的爆发流行以及受到控制趋于稳定的过程.利用基于主体的计算机模拟方法,在SWARM平台上构建了反映这一过程的模型,并在此模型上根据所掌握的数据资料,比较成功地拟合了近似北京疫情发展的情况.以此为基础,分析了对SARS传播蔓延影响比较大的几种因素,如从发病到就医的时间间隔,是否采取隔离措施等,考察这些因素对控制SARS,达到稳定的具体影响,并给出一些控制这类问题的建议.