简介：

简介：在这份报纸，我们在场supercooled上的大小浇的深无弹性的中子散布的结果(吵闹)在毛孔以内限制了(平均毛孔直径~20)经由大音阶的第五音胶化方法通过alkoxide先锋Tetra-Methyl-Ortho硅酸盐的水解作用和polycondensation获得的一个混乱吸水的硅石矩阵。实验在二温度被执行(250K和210K，即在supercooled的通常认为的liquidliquid转变限制了水前后)在有hydrationh~40%w/w的一件湿样品上，它足够高有充满水的毛孔但是对足够低避免水结晶化。7%也是的几乎干燥的样品ath~调查了测量硅石矩阵的贡献到散布信号的中子。这是众所周知的，吵闹大小在系统允许吝啬的动能的决心和氢原子的动量分发因此，允许研究人员探查supercooled的本地结构限制的水。获得的主要结果是在210K，氢平均数动能比在250K稍微高相等或平。这与最近建议在水里描述氢的动能的温度依赖的一个semiempirical泛音模型的预言是不一致的。这是新、很有趣的结果，它建议在210K，水氢比在250K经历一个更生硬的分子间的潜力。这与liquidliquid转变假设一致。

简介：Thedomesticrainwaterharvestingsystem(DRHS)isanimportantfreshwatersourceforZhoushan,Chinatomeetwaterdemands.AcomputermodelhasbeengeneratedtoanalyzetheperformanceoftheDRHSwithdifferentratiosofD/(AR)(waterdemand/averageannualcollectedrunoff)andS/(AR)(storagecapacity/averageannualcollectedrunoff).TheperformanceoftheDRHSwasanalyzedbymeansofthemodelsimulation,whichisdescribedbyitswatershortagerate(WSR)andwaterlossrate(WLR).Usingthedata,asetofdimensionlessdesigncalculationchartisintroduced.Whenthewaterdemandandrequirementofthedesignareknown,theestablishedchartcanbeusedtoeasilydeterminethestoragecapacityandcatchment(roofandothersurface)arearequiredtoachieveadesiredperformancelevel.

简介：动态或在biomolecules的玻璃转变对他们的工作重要。另外必要是在蛋白质土著人状态和展开的过程之间的转变。更好理解这些转变，我们使用Fourier变换越过一个宽温度范围学习含水的溶解酵素的震动的弯曲并且拉长的模式的红外线的光谱学。我们发现这些转变被在蛋白质和水和水之间联合的强壮的氢契约触发。更精确，我们证明在两个盒子中，水性质统治系统的进化。我们发现二典型温度是相关的：在限制的水的supercooled政体，fragile-to-strong动态转变发生在TL,并且在稳定的液体阶段，T*315瑡牥洠汯'虥N獥椠?桴?楦獲?票牤瑡潩?桳汥？

简介：

简介：

简介：一张新奇相片催化反应堆被开发搬迁(从水的1,1二度(4-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethane)(DDT)。在反应堆，cenosphere被用来支持借助于大音阶的第五音胶化做的TiO2电影。因为cenospheres与TiO2,是涂的，他们的比重稍微从原版被增加0.6∼0.8到0.8∼0.9，以便他们能在水里被推迟。与bubbler的混合操作，在反应堆的水处于一个使流体化得好的状态。反应堆的底部是一张沙过滤器床，它能被用来阻止光催化剂被失去。反应堆的一个数学模型在二个主要有影响的因素被开发了：紫外(紫外)轻紧张和光催化剂集中。与如此的一个模型一起，反应堆能更相当被设计。

简介：为为快速的扫描激光横梁的pulsing激光横梁和Galvano扫描仪的Q开关被改编在水微滴操作微稳固的粒子。由激光横梁照耀由一个钇铝柘榴石激光系统，导致的流动，和粒子的导致的运动在微米大小的直径套住好粒子被讨论。粒子旋转被使用各向异性的微目标观察，并且而且旋转的率与顺时针方向方向是22r/min。一只盖子杯子的碎片在水微滴被混合，并且他们的尺寸和形状是不平的。没有由Galvano扫描仪扫描的那个非范围的旋转也在水里被观察。

简介：

简介：Theresultsonadissociationbehaviorofpropanehydratespreparedfrom'drywater'andcontainedunreactedresidualwaterintheformoficeinclusionsorsupercooledliquidwater(watersolutionofgas)werepresentedfortemperaturesbelow273K.Thetemperaturerampingorpressurereleasemethodwasusedforthedissociationofpropanehydratesamples.Itwasfoundthatthemechanismofgashydratedissociationattemperaturesbelow273Kdependedonthephasestateofunreactedwaterinthehydratesample.Gashydratesdissociatedintoiceandgasiftheiceinclusionswereinthehydratesample.Thesamplesofpropanehydrateswithinclusionsofunreactedsupercooledwateronly(withouticeinclusions)dissociatedintosupercooledwaterandgasbelowthepressureofthesupercooledwater-hydrate-gasmetastableequilibrium.

简介：Wateroxidation,asamandatoryreactionofsolarfuelsconversionsystems,requirestheuseoflightabsorberswithelectronicpropertiesthatarewellmatchedwiththoseofthemulti-electroncatalystinordertoachievehighefficiency.Molecularlightabsorbersofferflexibilityinfinetuningoforbitalenergetics,andmetaloxidenanoparticleshaveemergedasrobustoxygenevolvingcatalysts.Hence,thesematerialchoicesofferapromisingapproachforthedevelopmentofphotocatalyticsystemsforwateroxidation.However,efficientchargetransfercouplingofmolecularlightabsorbersandmetaloxidenanoparticlecatalystshasprovenachallenge.Recentnewapproachestowardtheefficientcouplingofthesecomponentsbasedonsyntheticdesignimprovementscombinedwithdirectspectroscopicobservationandkineticevaluationofchargetransferprocessesarediscussed.

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简介：

简介：Directphotontochemicalenergyconversionusingsemiconductor–electrocatalyst–electrolyteinterfaceshasbeenextensivelyinvestigatedformorethanahalfcentury.Manystudieshavefocusedonscreeningmaterialsforefficientphotocatalysis.Photocatalyticefficiencyhasbeenimprovedduringthisperiodbutisnotsufficientforindustrialcommercialization.Detailedelucidationonthephotocatalyticwatersplittingprocessleadstoconsecutivesixreactionstepswiththefundamentalparametersinvolved:Thephotocatalysisisinitiatedinvolvingphotophysicsderivedfromvarioussemiconductorproperties(1:photonabsorption,2:excitonseparation).Thegeneratedchargecarriersneedtobetransferredtosurfaceseffectivelyutilizingtheinterfaces(3:carrierdiffusion,4:carriertransport).Consequently,electrocatalysisfinishestheprocessbyproducingproductsonthesurface(5:catalyticefficiency,6:masstransferofreactantsandproducts).Successfulphotocatalyticwatersplittingrequirestheenhancementofefficiencyateachstage.Mostcritically,afundamentalunderstandingoftheinterfacialphenomenaishighlydesiredforestablishing'photocatalysisbydesign'concepts,wherethekineticbottleneckwithinaprocessisidentifiedbyfurtherimprovingthespecificpropertiesofphotocatalyticmaterialsasopposedtoblindmaterialscreening.Theoreticalmodelingusingtheidentifiedquantitativeparameterscaneffectivelypredictthetheoreticallyattainablephoton-conversionyields.Thisarticleprovidesanoverviewofthestate-of-the-arttheoreticalunderstandingofinterfacialproblemsmainlydevelopedinourlaboratory.Photocatalyticwatersplitting(especiallyhydrogenevolutiononmetalsurfaces)wasselectedasatopic,andthephotophysicalandelectrochemicalprocessesthatoccuratsemiconductor–metal,semiconductor–electrolyteandmetal–electrolyteinterfacesarediscussed.

简介：有水的沸石的二吸附制冷工作对；乙醇被学习；Dubinin-Astakhov模型的参数是用平衡的试验性的数据的regressed。异质的系数为沸石水对从1.305～1.52变化了；为沸石乙醇从1.73～2.128配对。最大的吸附能力为沸石水从0.315～0.34变化了；0.23～0.28为沸石乙醇分别地。结果证明沸石水对对因为水而且因为更好的平衡表演的蒸发的高潜伏的热，冷却的太阳能合适不仅。在另一方面，沸石乙醇在高新生温度给高吸附能力，它意味着它能在象总线一样的发情引擎系统被使用；汽车。

简介：在水里放的银板的Femtosecond激光脱离被用来生产nanoparticle暂停。方法是容易的操作，暂停是相对稳定的。光性质和暂停的尺寸分发与分别地散布的紫外力吸收光谱学和动态光被学习。nanoparticles的形状被一台原子力量显微镜调查，它是近球形的。有二种nanoparticles，有直径的小粒子有关于120nm的直径的大约35nm，和大粒子。

简介：Ironoxidenanoparticles(FeO_xNPs,5–30nmsize)preparedvialaserablationinliquidweresupportedontoIndiumTinOxideconductiveglassslidesbymagnetophoreticdeposition(MD)technique.TheresultingFeOx@ITOelectrodesarecharacterizedbyalowamountofironcoverageof16–50nmol/cm~2,andshowelectrocatalyticactivitytowardswateroxidationinneutralphosphatebufferpH7with0.58VoverpotentialandquantitativeFaradaicefficiencytowardsoxygenproduction.XPSanalysisontheoxygenregionoftheFeO_xfilmsrevealsasubstantialhydrationofthesurfaceaftercatalysis,recognizedasacrucialsteptoaccessreactivity.

简介：一个一致tanh扩大(CTE)方法为分散水波浪(DWW)被开发系统。为CTE可解决的DWW系统，与tanh扩大有关有二个分支，当辅助分支不是一致的时，主要分支是一致的。从一致分支，我们能无穷地包括soliton反响的答案和soliton周期的波浪相互作用获得许多准确重要答案。从不一致的分支，仅仅一个特殊答案能被发现。CTE相关非局部的对称也被建议。非局部的对称能是局部性的发现有限B?由延长模型到扩大的cklund转变。

简介：Nanostructuredironoxyhydroxide（FeOOH）thinfilmshavebeensynthesizedusinganelectrodepositionmethodonanickelfoam（NF）substrateandeffectofairannealingtemperatureonthecatalyticperformanceisstudied.Theas-depositedandannealedthinfilmswerecharacterizedbyX-raydiffraction（XRD）,X-rayphotoelectronspectroscopy（XPS）,fieldemissionscanningelectronmicroscopy（FE-SEM）andlinearsweepvoltammetry（LSV）todeterminetheirstructural,morphological,compositionalandelectrochemicalproperties,respectively.Theas-depositednanostructuredamorphousFeOOHthinfilmisconvertedintoapolycrystallineFe2O3withhematitecrystalstructureatahightemperature.TheFeOOHthinfilmactsasanefficientelectrocatalystfortheoxygenevolutionreaction（OER）inanalkaline1MKOHelectrolyte.Thefilmannealedat200°Cshowshighcatalyticactivitywithanonsetoverpotentialof240mVwithasmallerTafelslopeof48mV/dec.Additionally,itneedsanoverpotentialof290mVtothedrivethecurrentdensityof10mA/cm2andshowsgoodstabilityinthe1MKOHelectrolytesolution.

简介：Thehighrepetitionrate10J/10nsYb:YAGlasersystemanditskeytechniquesarereported.Theamplifiersinthissystemhaveamulti-passV-shapestructureandtheheatintheamplifiersisremovedbymeansoflaminarwaterflow.Inthemainamplifier,thelaserisfour-pass,andanapproximately8.5J/1Hz/10nsoutputisachievedintheprimarytest.Thefar-fieldoftheoutputbeamisapproximately10timesthediffractionlimit.Becauseofthehigherlevelsofamplifiedspontaneousemission(ASE)inthemainamplifier,theoutputenergyislowerthanexpected.Attheendwediscusssomemeasuresthatcanimprovethepropertiesofthelasersystem.