简介:PackagingofMEMS(micro-electro-mechanicalsystem)devicesposesmorechallengesthanconventionalICpackaging,sincetheperformanceoftheMEMSdevicesishighlydependentonpackagingprocesses.ALandGridArray(LGA)packageisintroducedforMEMStechnologybasedlinearmulti-axisaccelerometers.FiniteelementmodelingisconductedtosimulatethewarpagebehavioroftheLGApackages.Amethodtocorrelatethepackagewarpagetomatrixblockwarpagehasbeendeveloped.Warpageforbothpackageandsensorsubstrateareobtained.Warpagepredictedbysimulationcorrelatesverywellwithexperimentalmeasurements.Basedonthisvalidatedmethod,detaileddesignanalysiswithdifferentpackagegeometricalvariationsarecarriedouttooptimizethepackagedesign.Withtheoptimizedpackagestructure,thepackagingeffectonaccelerometersignalperformanceiswellcontrolled.
简介:Thewirelessapplicationprotocol(WAP)protocolisnowtheleadingstandardforinformationservicesonwirelessterminalslikedigitalmobilephones.BytheuseofWAP,wirelessdevices,likemobilephones,arepossiblyinfectedwithvirusandworms.Thoughuptonowthereisnosuchattack,astheusageofscriptlanguagesincreases,thereisachanceofmaliciouscodeinjection.ThispaperdiscussesthethreatswithcurrentWAPprotocol,andhowchangesintheprotocolandtheincreaseinitsusagewillenableentryofrealviruses.Futurethreatscenariosarepresentedalongwithsuggestionstoavoidtheseproblems.
简介:<正>Neuralnetworkhastheabilitiesofself-studying,self-adapting,faulttoleranceandgeneralization.Buttherearesomedefaultsinitsbasicalgorithm,suchaslowconvergencespeed,localextremes,anduncertainnumberofimpliedlayerandimpliednotes.Thispaperpresentsasolutionforovercomingtheseshortagesfromtwoaspects.Oneistoadoptprinciplecomponentanalysistoselectstudysamplesandmakesomeofthemcontainsamplecharacteristicsasmanyaspossible,theotheristotrainthenetworkusingLevenberg-Marquardtbackwardpropagationalgorithm.Thisnewmethodwasprovedtobevalidandpracticableinsiteselectionofpracticalgarbagepowergenerationplants.
简介:Chinesegovernmentattachesmoreandmoreattentionsonnewenergyvehiclesinrecentyears.Itseemsthatnewenergyvehicles,especiallyhybridvehicles,willreplaceconventionalfuelcarsinthefuture.Permanentmagnetmotorsandhybridcarbatteriesarethemostcrucialcomponentsfornewenergycarsandrareearthmaterialisakeytotheproductionofpermanentmagnetmotorandhybridvehicles.Therefore,it
简介:Usingequivalentblackbodytemperature(TBB)dataretrievedfrommeteorologicalsatelliteGMS-5during1996-2002,thecorrelationbetweenthecircularsymmetric/asymmetriccomponentofTBBandtheintensityoftropicalcyclone(TC)atvarioustimelagsfrom0to48hisanalyzedfortheNorthwestPacific(0°-50°N,120°-155°E),excludinglandedandnear-coastsamples.ItisfoundthatthetotalTBBnearsoutheastoftheeyewall,thecircularsymmetriccomponent,andthesumoftheamplitudesoftangentialwavenumbers1-10(SA10)oftheTBBbetweentheradiiof0.8°and1.7°aresignificantlyandnegativelycorrelatedwiththeTCintensityatvarioustimelagsfrom0to48h.Especially,themaximum24-hlagcorrelationcoefficientsreach-0.52,-0.58,and-0.625,respectively.AstatisticalpredictionschemeforTCintensityisdevelopedbasedonclimaticpersistent,synoptic,andTBBfactorsbystepwiseregressiontechnique.ItisfoundthatthevariancecontributionoftheaveragedTBBovertheringbetween1.0°and1.5°fromtheTCcenterranksthefourthintheequationfor12-hTCintensityprediction,andthoseofthetotalTBBnearsoutheastoftheeyewallandthedifferencebetweenmaximumandminimumTBBbetween1.1°and1.5°rankthethirdandfifthrespectivelyinthe24-hforecastequation.Itisalsoshownthat,withTBBfactors,thefollowingpredictionsareimprovedcomparedtotheschemewithoutTBBfactors:48-hpredictionforseveretropicalstorm(STS),12-hpredictionforTCwithaweakeningrategreaterthan15ms~(-1)/12h,24-hintensitypredictionforTCwithalmostnointensitychange,and48-hpredictionforTCintensifyingfasterthan10ms~(-1)/48h.
简介:ObjectivesToanalyzethesix-minutewalktest(6MWT)andgasexchangeof5hearttransplantationpatientsandtoapproachthevariationtendencyofexercisetolerance,oxygenuptake(VO2)andheartratechronotropicresponse.Methods5casesofhearttransplantationpatients(age25~52years)wereundertaken6MWT6~30monthsafteroperation,synchronizinggasexchangingparametersweremeasuredbywirelessportableremotesensingK4B2gasanalyzer,51normalcontrolswerecompared.ResultsThesix-minutewalkdistance(6MWD)of5patientswere(592.6±26.7)m(558~625)m,theascendingtendencyduringexercisewasslower,themaximumheartrateswere80%±6%ofage-predictingmaximalheartrate,lowerthannormalcontrol(86%);theendpointVO2/kgwere(21.8±1.4)mL/min·kg(19.94~23.60)mL/min·kg.ConclusionsThe6WMDandVO2of5patientsreachednormalrange,buttheheartratechronotropicresponseandVO2ascendingtendencywereslowerthanthoseofnormalcontrols.
简介:<正>Anadvancedsilica-dominatedmatrixtechnologyplatformanditsapplicationwereintroducedinthispaper.Throughnovelproprietaryprocessing,theadvancedsilica-dominatedmatrixwaspreparedfromtheuniquesilicasolandpseudo-boehmite.Thematrixporesizedistributionandaciditycanbetailoredtoprovideoptimalcoke-selectivityandbottoms-crackingabilitymatchedtofeedstockcharacteristics.AnovelFCCcatalyst(RSC-2006)forreducingcokeandslurryyieldswasdevelopedbasedonthesilica-dominatedmatrixtechnologyplatform.TheresultsofcommercialapplicationofthesaidtechnologyindicatedthattheRSC-2006catalystexhibitedexcellentperformanceonbottomscracking,cokeselectivityandhighvalueproductsyields.
简介:AbstractAllergic contact dermatitis is a common clinical allergic disease. The patch test is the gold standard for finding and clarifying contact allergens. With the deepening understanding of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and clinical manifestations of contact dermatitis, as well as the increased requirements for the standardized application of patch tests, the relevant consensus needs to be continuously updated. This consensus is updated on the basis of the version issued in 2015. In this revised version, it refines the selection of clinical indications, improves the judgment and interpretation of results, adds delayed detection and patient education, and so on, which aims to further standardize clinical applications and improve the value of patch test.
简介:Manyglobalemissionreductionstrategieshavebeenproposed,butfewhavebeenassessedquantitativelyfromtheviewofequality,efficiencyandeffectiveness.Integratedassessmentmodels(IAM)isoneoftheeffectivewaystomakeclimatepolicymodeling.SointhispaperwedevelopedtheMRICES(Multi-regionalintegratedmodelofclimateandeconomywithGDPspillovers)model,whichisanIAMbutextendstoincludeGDPspillovermechanism,tomakeassessmentonseveralstrategiesforglobalemissionreduction,includingtheegalitarianismstrategy,theUNDPstrategyandtheCopenhagenAccord.Using1990asabaselineforhistoricalemissionlevels,theegalitarianstrategyarguesthatdevelopedcountriesshouldimplementurgentemissionreductions,whereasdevelopingcountriesareallowedrelativelyhigherfutureemissionquotas.TheUNDPstrategyaddressestheissueofsubstantialchangesinglobaltemperaturebutacknowledgesthatdevelopingcountriesarenotabletoaffordmorecostsformitigationmeasures,whichisinequitablefromtheperspectiveofacountry’srighttodevelop.WealsosimulatedtheCopenhagenAccordtodeterminetheconsequencesbytheyear2100ifeachcountrycontinuestheircurrentemissionmitigationactions,andresultsindicatedthattheincreaseinglobaltemperaturewillbe2.8℃by2100;consequently,muchstrongeremissionreductioneffortsmustbeimplementedafter2020.Basedonanalysisonmitigationstrategies,itisrecognizedthatthecommonbutdifferentiatedresponsibilityprinciplemustbeinsistedwhenmakingglobalmitigationstrategy.Tocomplywiththisprinciple,theemissionreductionbaselineofdevelopedanddevelopingcountriesshouldbediscriminated,so1990and2005canbetakenasthebaseyearfordevelopedanddevelopingcountriesrespectively.
简介:ResearchonnonlinearR/SmethodanditspplicationinearthquakepredictionBi-QuanWANG(王碧泉);Han-MingHUANG(黄汉明);Hong-ShunFAN(范洪顺);Chuen...
简介:TakingthetransportoftotalphosphorpollutantsintheBeijingMiyunreservoirforexample,wehaveobtainedthreedimensionaldistributingregularityoftotalphosphorpollutantsbythecalculationofthelinearinterpolationvalueofeachpointbetweenhorizontallayers.Thecredibilityanalysisinallusiontothismethodwascarriedoutandtheprogrammingschemeforrealizingthismethodwassetforth.
简介:TheethanecrackeratasteamcrackerofYangziPetrochemicalCompany(YPC)hasbeensafelyoperatingformorethan100dayssinceapplicationofdomesticN360cokeinhibitorstartingAugust28,2004tosetanewrecordontheoperatingcycleofethanecracker,whichhasrevealedgreatsuccessincommercialapplicationofthisinhibitor.
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