简介:Inthispaper,theauthorspointoutanddemonstratethedifferenceoftheconceptsconcerningco-satisfiableandco-validbetweenonefirst-orderlanguageandtwofirst-orderlanguages,andputforwardtheconceptsaboutuniformco-identicaltruthanduniformco-satisfiability.Thussometheoremsinthebook“ACourseinMathematicalLogic”,writtenbyJ.L.BellandM.Machover,arecorrected.
简介:<正>如果合作伙伴帮了你一个大忙,你该如何向他表示感谢呢?1.jobwelldoneA:Goodmorning.PhyllisSeymourspeaking.B:Hi,Ms.Seymour?It’sAllanParker.I’vebeenwaitingtocallyouandthankyouforallyourhelplastweek.A:Thankyouverymuch,Mr.Parker.But,thatismyjob.B:Well,Iwanttoletyourbossknowthatshe’dbetterholdontoyou!You’reahardworker!
简介:采用蒸发镀膜方法,在孔径约为200nm的多孔阳极氧化铝(AAO)模板上室温沉积名义厚度为300nm的银薄膜样品。研究真空退火对AA0模板上Ag纳米颗粒膜的结构和光学性质的影响。微观结构利用X射线衍射仪和扫描电镜观测,光学性质采用分光光度计检测。结果表明,(111)取向的银衍射峰强度随退火温度的升高逐渐增强,当退火温度为250oC时达到最大值:银纳米颗粒平均直经随退火温度的升高呈现先缓慢增大,后迅速增大,再减小的态势,当退火温度为250qC时达到最大值140nm,比制备态大47nm;薄膜经真空退火后,漫反射率普遍得到提高,在可见光区域,当退火温度为200oC时,漫反射率达到最大,其值为80%,大约为制备态的3倍左右。
简介:Transitionmetal-dopingcouldeffectivelyextendthelightresponserangeofTiO2photocatalystsfromtheultraviolet(UV)tothevisibleregion.Co-dopedbrookitetitaniumdioxide(Co–TiO2)photocatalystsweresynthesizedviathehydrothermalmethodwithtitaniumtetrachlorideastherawmaterialandcobaltchloridehexahydrateasthedopant.ThepreparedCo–TiO2photocatalystswerecharacterizedbyX-raydiffraction(XRD),scanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM),transmissionelectronmicroscopy(TEM),Ramanspectroscopy,X-rayphotoelectronspectroscopy(XPS)andUV–Visdiffusereflectancespectroscopy(UV–VisDRS).ThephotocatalyticactivitiesofCo–TiO2photocatalystswereevaluatedbyphotocatalyticdegradationofisopropanolalcohol(IPA),atypicalvolatileorganiccompound(VOC),undervisiblelight.TheinfluencesofdifferentCodopingrates,initialconcentrationsofIPAgasandtheamountsofphotocatalystadditionwerealsostudied.Atthesametime,theenhancementmechanismofcobaltionsasatrapforphotogeneratedholeswasdiscussed.Thus,wefoundtheoptimumdopingrate,initialconcentrationofIPAgasandamountofphotocatalysttoadd.TheresultsshowthatthemesoporousCo–TiO2photocatalystspossesssmallersizeparticles,largerspecificsurfacearea,lowerforbiddenbandgapenergy(Eg)andbetterphotocatalyticactivitythanpurebrookiteTiO2.WhenthedopingofCowas7%bymass,theinitialconcentrationofIPAgaswas1.0×10?6mol/LandtheadditionofCo–TiO2photocatalystswas50mg,thebestphotocatalyticactivitywasachieved.Furthermore,thedegradationrateofIPAwasupto91%,whichshowsgreatpotentialforwastewatertreatment.
简介:Pd/C向polyketones(PK)的形成催化的公司和苯乙烯的copolymerization在N-valeronitrile-N-methylimidazoliumhexafluorophosphate被学习([C4CNmim]+PF6)中等。综合PK被Fourier变换描绘红外线(FTIR),元素的分析,13C-nuclear磁性的回声(13C-NMR),微分扫描热量测定(DSC),thermogravimetric分析(TGA)和胶化浸透层析(GPC)。Pd/C催化剂的表面上的支持的离子的液体电影能阻止产品用金属离子由于它的化学稳定性和弱协作能力盖住活跃的碳的洞,并且高效地因此改进催化活动。在催化剂的催化活动和PK的分子的重量的离子的液体的不同数量的效果被讨论。离子的液体的用法什么时候是10wt%(0.1g离子的液体/1g活跃的碳搬运人)并且Pd2+的理论内容是5wt%(0.05gPd2+/1g活跃的碳搬运人),最高催化的活动2963.64gSTCO/(gPd訐?訐??
简介:Takingpublictransitfacilities(PTFs)isthemajortransportstyleinHongKong.Humanexposuretoindoorairpollutantsmaycauseadversehealtheffectstothepassengers.Exposureassessmentonairpollutantsisimportantforthecontrolofhumandiseasescausedbyindoorairpollution.Inthispaper,theindoorPM10,COandCO2levelsinvariousPTFs,suchaspublicbus,subway,railwayandferryinHongKong,weremea-sured.CombiningwiththetimebudgetsurveyofHongKongpopulation,thehumanexposureswerecalculatedthroughMonte-Carlosimulation.
简介:Chlorofluorocarbons(CFCs)orhydrochlorofluorocarbons(HCFCs)areasmainrefrigerantsusedintraditionalrefrigerationsystemsdrivenbyelectricityfromburningfossilfuels,whichisregardedasoneofthemajorreasonsforozonedepletion(man-maderefrigerantsemission)andglobalwarming(CO2emission).Sopeoplepaymoreandmoreattentiontonaturalrefrigerantsandenergysavingtechnologies.AninnovativesystemcombiningCO2transcriticalcyclewithejectorcycleisproposedinthispaper.TheCO2compressionsub-cycleispoweredbyelectricitywiththecharacteristicsofrelativelyhightemperatureinthegascooler(definedasanintercoolerbytheproposedsystem).Inordertorecoverthewasteheat,anejectorsub-cycleoperatingwiththenaturalrefrigerants(NH3,H2O)isemployed.Thetwosub-cyclesareconnectedbyanintercooler.Thiscombinedcyclejoinstheadvantagesofthetwocyclestogetherandeliminatesthedisadvantages.TheinfluencesoftheevaporationtemperatureinCO2compressionsub-cycle,theevaporationtemperatureintheejectorsub-cycle,thetemperatureintheintercoolerandthecondensationtemperatureintheproposedsystemperformancearediscussedtheoreticallyinthisstudy.Inaddition,someuniquefeaturesofthesystemarepresented.
简介:以硝酸镍为金属离子源、对苯二甲酸为配体,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺为溶剂。采用溶剂热法合成了金属-有机骨架Ni-MOF,采用X射线粉末衍射、N2吸附/脱附、扫描电镜、红外光谱和热重分析等方法对样品进行表征,考察了反应时间对样品结构及吸附性能的影响,测试了样品的c0,的吸附性能。结果表明,150℃反应4h后得到Ni-MOF球形晶体,延长反应时间对Ni-MOF的结构及性能没有明显影响。样品的BET面积为1200~1221m2/g,平均孔径为1.95nm,在常压27℃时,对CO2的吸附量为17.9%,经10次吸附/脱附循环实验后,吸附量稳定在16.5%~17.9%,是一个良好的吸附材料。