简介：Whistler-modechoruswavesareregardedasanimportantaccelerationmechanismcontributingtotheformationofrelativisticandultra-relativisticelectronsintheJovianradiationbelts.QuantitativedeterminationofthechoruswavedrivenelectronscatteringeffectintheJovianmagnetosphererequiresdetailedinformationofbothambientmagneticfieldandplasmadensityandwavespectralproperty,whichhowevercannotbealwaysreadilyacquiredfromobservationsofexistedmissionstoJupiter.WethereforeperformacomprehensiveanalysisofthesensitivityofchorusinducedelectronscatteringratestoambientmagnetosphericandwaveparametersintheJovianradiationbeltstoelaboratetowhichextentthediffusioncoefficientsdependonanumberofkeyinputparameters.Itisfoundthatquasi-linearelectronscatteringratesbychoruscanbestronglyaffectedbytheambientmagneticfieldintensity,thewavelatitudinalcoverage,andthepeakfrequencyandbandwidthofthewavespectraldistributionintheJovianmagnetosphere,whiletheyonlyrelyslightlyonthebackgroundplasmadensityprofileandthepeakwavenormalangle,especiallywhenthewaveemissionsareconfinedatlowerlatitudes.Giventhechoruswaveamplitude,chorusinducedelectronscatteringratesstronglydependonJovianL-shelltoexhibitatendencyapproximatelyproportionaltoLJ3.OurcomprehensiveanalysisexplicitlydemonstratestheimportanceofreliableinformationofboththeambientmagnetosphericstateandwavedistributionpropertytounderstandingthedynamicelectronevolutionintheJovianradiationbeltsandthereforehasimplicationsforfuturemissionplanningtoexploretheextremeparticleradiationenvironmentofJupiteranditssatellites.

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简介：Anewquantitativeconceptisintroducedinthispaper,whichmaybeusedtofacilitatethemeasurementofthecontrollabilityofasubspace～subspacecontrollabilitydegree.Thentheconcreteformofthesubspacecontrollabilitydegreeofaflexiblestructureisderived,andtheerrorsofsubspacecontrollabilitydegreeanddynamicalresponsecausedbythesubstitutionofarepeatedmodesubspaceforacloselyspacedmodesubspacearediscussed.Alltheresultsshowthatthissubstitutionisrationalundersomeconditions.

简介：Asimplifiedmodalmethodtoexplaintheresonancephenomenoninguidedmoderesonance(GMR)gratingswithasymmetriccoatingsispresented.Theresonanceobservedisduetotheinteractionoftwopropagationmodesinsidethegrating.Thereflectivityspectraandelectricfielddistributionscalculatedfromthesimplifiedmodalmethodarecomparedusingrigorouscoupled-waveanalysis(RCWA).Theinfluencesofhigh-orderevanescentmodesontheresonancepeakareanalyzed.AmatrixFabry-Perot(FP)resonanceconditionisdevelopedtoevaluatetheresonancewavelength.AnexplanationfortheresonancephenomenonobservedbasedontheFPresonancephaseconditionisalsoproposedanddemonstrated.ThesimplifiedmethodprovidesclearphysicalinsightsintoGMRgratingsthatareusefulfortheanalysisofavarietyofotherresonancegratings.

简介：Threekeyfactorsarediscussed,whichaffectpositioningaccuracyofrange-rangepositioningmodeandhyperbolicpositioningmode.Basedontheerrorellipticaltheory,theexpressionsofpositioningerrorandofpositioninggeometricfactorofrange-rangepositioningmodeandhyperbolicpositioningmodearederived,andthepositioningerrorandtheblindpositioningareaoftwodifferentpositioningmodesareanalyzed.Accordingtotherequirementofnavigationarea,anoptimumpositional

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简介：圆柱的超声的马达(CUSM)能广泛地在许多地例如里被使用激增并且集中照相机的系统，电的窗帘并且工作专注于的MEMS.This微司机单个点并且在定子和rotor.which之间的双点接触模式被理论证明，experiment.There是预先迫使在单个点的模型是的批评point.the下面的pre-pressure.When的一个批评的点合适；否则双点模型是appropriate.Then转的力量

简介：Powersystemhasitsindustrialstructurefeaturingbothnaturalmonopolyandcompetition,makingderegulationandre-regulationbecomethemainmelodyintheevolutionoftheregulatorysystemforpowerindustry.Consequently,itisoneofthemaintasksforpowerreformtodetermineanewandrationalregulatorymode.

简介：Wedemonstrateanall-fiberhigh-powerYb-doped1018nmfiberlaserwithaGaussian-shapedoutputbeamprofilebasedonamismatchedstructure,whichconsistsofapairofsingle-modefiberBragggratingsandasectionoffew-modedouble-claddinggainfiber.Theoutputpowerisupto107.5Wwithanoptical-to-opticalefficiencyof63%,andthe3dBbandis0.26nmatthispowerlevel.Suchastructureofsingle-mode–few-mode–single-modefiberoscillatorcanbeusedtogeneratehigh-powernarrow-linewidthlasingwithexcellentbeamqualityinotherspectralranges.

简介：联合同轴的共鸣器的现象的模式的研究与理论被进行了。通过建立没有来源的传播线方程，有一个弄皱的内部售票员的同轴的共鸣器的边界条件被分析。最后，计算为Karlsruhe工学院(工具包)的共鸣器在大量折皱参数被执行相关同轴的振动陀螺仪。

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简介：ThispaperanalyzesthecharacteristicofmatchingeffciencybetweenthefundamentalmodeoftwokindsofopticalwaveguidesanditsGaussianapproximatefield.Then,itpresentsanewmethodwherethemode-fieldhalf-widthofGaussianapproximationforthefundamentalmodeshouldbedefinedaccordingtothemaximalmatchingeffciencymethod.Therelationshipbetweenthemode-fieldhalf-widthoftheGaussianapproximatefieldobtainedfromthemaximalmatchingeffciencyandnormalizedfrequencyisstudied;furthermore,twoformulasofmode-fieldhalf-widthsasafunctionofnormalizedfrequencyareproposed.

简介：以便完成更高光谱效率，在很少模式纤维的模式部门multiplexing(MDM)是一个新研究区域。这个想法包括联合限制系统的可完成的长度的intermodal延期和模式面对大量技术问题。这篇论文被指定在步索引很少模式纤维完成intermodal延期的分析。我们数字地分析纤维的所有参数，它能在很少模式纤维影响intermodal延期并且识别没有最大的intermodal延期的重要增加，能增加复合模式的数字的条件。

简介：Weproposeahighsensitivitysensorbasedonamodenumber-encodedmulti-longitudinalmodefiberlaser.ThefiberlaserincorporatesauniformfiberBragggrating(FBG)andafiberFabry-Perotinterferometer(FFPI)assensitivecomponentsinthecavity.Thesensorcountsthenumberoflongitudinalmodes(NLM)offiberlaser,whichiscausedbythemismatchbetweenthereflectionbandofFBGandthetransmissionbandofFFPIresultingfromtheapplicationofexternalperturbationtotheFBG.AnelectricalspectrumanalyzerisadoptedtoanalyzetheNLM.Thestrainsensorisexperimentallydemonstratedtohavesensitivityofashighas0.02με/mode.

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简介：Withtherapidprogressofcomponenttechnology,thesoftwaredevelopmentmethodologyofgatheringalargenumberofcomponentsfordesigningcomplexsoftwaresystemshasmatured.But,howtoassesstheapplicationreliabilityaccuratelywiththeinformationofsystemarchitectureandthecomponentsreliabilitiestogetherhasbecomeaknottyproblem.Inthispaper,thedefectsinformaldescriptionofsoftwarearchitectureandthelimitationsinexistedmodelassumptionsarebothanalyzed.Moreover,anewsoftwarereliabilitymodelcalledComponentInteractionMode(CIM)isproposed.Withthismodel,theproblemforexistedcomponent-basedsoftwarereliabilityanalysismodelsthatcannotdealwiththecasesofcomponentinteractionwithnon-failureindependentandnon-randomcontroltransitionisresolved.Atlast,thepracticeexamplesarepresentedtoillustratetheeffectivenessofthismodel.

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