简介：Objective:Toinvestigatetheexpressionofmatrixmetalloproteinase-7(MMP-7)andFasligand(FasL)ingastriccancerandexploretheirroleinprogressionofgastriccancer.Methods:Formalin-fixedparaffinandembeddedtissuesofprimarygastriccancerandadjacentnon-tumormucosafrom113caseswereevaluatedforMMP-7,FasLandCapase-3expressionbystreptavidin-peroxidase(S-P)immunohistochemistry.Theexpressionofthefirsttwoproteinsincancercellsofprimaryfociwascomparedwithclinicopathologicalparametersoftumors.WealsoobservedthecorrelationofMMP-7andFasLexpressionwithCaspase-3expressionincancercellsofprimaryfoci.Results:MMP-7positiveimmunostainingwaslessfrequentlydetectedinadjacentepithelialcellsthanincancercellsofprimaryfociofgastriccancer(P<0.05,29.2%vs69.0%),andsowasFasL(P<0.05,34.5%vs54.0%).MMP-7expressionwasassociatedwithtumorsize,Borrmann'sclassification,invasivedepth,metastasisandTNMstaging(P<0.05),butnotwithgrowthpattern,Lauren'sclassification,orhistologicalclassification(P>0.05).FasLexpressionwascorrelatedwithtumorsize,invasivedepth,metastasis,Lauren'sclassification,histologicalclassification(P<0.05),whilenotwithBorrmann'sclassification,TNMstagingorgrowthpattern(P>0.05).CancercellsofprimaryfociexpressedlessCaspase-3thantheiradjacentepithelialcells(P<0.05,32.7%vs50.4%).TherewasanobviouscorrelationbetweenFasL,MMP-7andCaspase-3expressionincancercellsofprimaryfoci(P<0.05).Co-expressionofMMP-7andFasLparalleledwithCaspase-3expressionincancercellsofprimaryfoci(P<0.05).Conclusion:MMP-7andFasLexpressionwasup-regulatedingastriccarcinogenesisandwasprincipallyinvolvedinprogressionofgastriccancer.FasLexpressioncouldreflectthedifferentiationofgastriccancercellsandunderliethemolecularmechanismsofdifferentpathwaysofgastrictumorigenesis.Co-expressionofMMP-7andFasLcouldhaveapoptosis-inducingeffe

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简介：Blockadeofimmunecheckpointshasrecentlyemergedasanoveltherapeuticstrategyinvarioustumors.Inparticular,monoclonalantibodiestargetingprogrammedcelldeath1(PD-1)oritsligand(PD-L1)havebeenmoststudiedinlungcancer,andPD-1inhibitorsarenowestablishedagentsinthemanagementofnon-smallcelllungcancer(NSCLC).ThereportsonhighprofileclinicaltrialshaveshowntheassociationofPD-L1expressionbyimmunohistochemistry(IHC)withhigheroverallresponseratestothePD-1/PD-L1axisblockadesuggestingthatPD-L1expressionmayserveasapredictivemarker.Unfortunately,however,eachPD-1orPD-L1inhibitoriscoupledwithaspecificPD-L1antibody,IHCprotocolandscoringsystemforthebiomarkerassessment,makingthehead-to-headcomparisonofthestudiesdifficult.Similarly,multipleclinicalseriesthatcorrelatedPD-L1expressionwithclinicopathologicand/ormolecularvariablesand/orsurvivalhavereportedconflictingresults.Thediscrepancycouldbeexplainedbythedifferencesinethnicityand/orhistologictypesincludedinthestudies,butitappearstobeattributedinparttothedifferencesinPD-L1IHCmethods.Thus,orchestratedeffortstostandardizethePD-L1IHCarewarrantedtoestablishtheIHCasapredictiveand/orprognosticbiomarkerinNSCLC.