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简介：Gummosisisthemostseriousdiseaseofmangoallaroundtheworld,whichisbecomingepidemicindifferentregionsofthesecountries,caninfectalmostallthecommercialandindigenousvarietiesofmango,andhasbeenregardedasanewseriousthreatofmangotreesatanalarmingratio.Thisarticlereviewedcausalorganisms,currentstatus,futureprospects,andmanagementpracticesofmangogummosisdisease.

简介：Oncomelania(Oncomelaniahupensis),adioecian,ovoviviparous,andamphibioussnail,isthesoleintermediatehostofSchistosomajaponicum,themostwide-spreadsnailfeverintheworld.Chemicaleliminatingthehostprovedunacceptablefortherewasseverecontaminationtowaterandsoil.TheriverbeachesandthedeltaareasoffiveprovincesinthemiddleandlowerreachesofYangtzeRiverinChinaprovidethemostfavorablehabitatsforOncomelania.Ourstudieshaverevealedthattheoccurrenceof...

简介：Floraltransition,whichisreferredtoasaplant＇stransitionfromvegetativestagetoreproductivestage,isconsideredtobeacriticaldevelopmentalswitchinhigherplants,foratimelyfloweringisamajorfactorofreproductivesuccess.Endogenousandenvironmentalcues,suchasphotoperiod,lightquality,planthormonesconcentrationsandtemperature,provideinformationtotheplantswhethertheenvironmentisfavorableforflowering.Thesecuespromote,orprevent,floweringthroughacomplexgeneticnetwork,mediatedbyacarefulorchestrationoftemporalandspatialgeneexpression.Oneofsuchcuesisphotoperiod.Rice（OryzasativaL.）servesasapowerfulmodelspeciesfortheunderstandingoffloweringinhigherplants,includingflowerdevelopmentandphotoperiodiccontrolofflowering.Inthisreview,weoverviewedanddiscussedtheflowerdevelopmentanditsmodel.Wealsooverviewedthephotoperiodicpathwaysinricefloweringcontrol,andsummarizedthepathwaysatmolecularlevel.

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简介：Furfuralresidue,anindustrialwaste,isakindofstronglyacidicorganicmaterials.Itscomprehensiveutilizationinagricultureshowedasignificanteffectoncontrolofsoilalkaliztion,ameliorationofsolonetzandincreaseofcropyields.IndetailitmayadjustpH,depressalkalinity,reducebulkdensityandcompactnessandincreasewaterpermeabilityandretentionabilityofthesoil.Meanwhileagriculturaluseoffurfuralresidueprovidedaneffectivewaytoavoiditspollutionofthesoil,waterandair.

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简介：对木头开发和形成的分子的生物研究是相关基因的发现的最近的年，而是步里的焦点，他们在木头性质的控制的函数是慢的。它在另外的工具上的高产量能力，敏感，和可靠性的优点为调查能够的基因表示patternsis开发了的microarraytechniquewith很快assaying几千基因。在这研究，从开发白杨木部纸巾的二个cDNA图书馆准备的cDNAmicroarray从Populusdeltoides的主要的茎在不同高度在不成熟的木部纸巾习惯于试金基因表示模式(15?岁)，它被证实有不同木头性质(microfibrillar角度，木质的密度)旁边X光检查。有在薄片之间的微分表示侧面的274个抄本外面被屏蔽，并且单个克隆受到5定序。用生物信息的分析，我们识别了可以影响白杨木头性质的候选人基因，许多哪个属于各种各样规章并且信号transduction基因家庭例如锌手指蛋白质抄写因素，DNA有约束力的抄写因素，乙烯反应因素等等。结果建议这些基因可以调整涉及木头形成的酶。进一步的工作将被执行克隆这些基因并且决定他们怎么影响白杨木头性质。

简介：F9recombinant生来的线(RIL)人口，源于在IR28之间的一个十字(OryzasativaL。spp。indica)并且Daguandao(O。sativaL。spp。装饰用的梨树)，被用来构造一张分子的连接地图并且为23d在14°C包括吸收率，萌芽率，萌芽索引，根长度，射击长度和种子活力的特点识别萌芽能力。印射途径的合成间隔被使用为萌芽能力进行基因分析。在寒冷下面的萌芽能力特点的频率分布在RIL强调人口显示出连续分离，建议他们是几基因控制的量的特点。七QTL的一个总数在染色体上被识别4，6和9，为吸收率包括二(qIR-6，qIR-9)，为萌芽率(qGR-4)的，二为萌芽索引(qGI-4-1，qGI-4-2)并且二为根长度(qRL-4-1，qRL-4-2)。没有控制射击长度和种子活力的检测QTL。单个QTL解释的phenotypic变化从9.1%～37.0%，和二主要QTL，qIR-6和qGI-4-2，占了超过30%phenotypic变化。QTL的表情是精神上发展调整并且生长阶段特定。大多数这里观察的QTL为冷忍耐以前报导了的米饭位于类似于QTL的区域，显示这些QTL是可靠的。然而，qRL-4-2以前没被报导。

简介：LanddegradationisoneofthesignificantenvironmentalproblemsinbothChinaandCanada,whichseriouslythreatensthesustainabledevelopmentofnationaleconomyandsocietyofbothcountries.Thispaperintroducedsomepolicies,regulationsanddepartmentcoordinationmechanismsoflandresourcemanagement,restoration/rehabilitationofdegradedland,forestresourcesmanagement,agriculturalenvironmentalprotectionandmineralarealandreclamationinCanada.Somepractices,experiencesandeffectsinlanddegradationcontrolofCanadawerelistedandanalyzed.Finally,itwassuggestedthatthesuccessfulexperiencesofCanadaintechnology,policyandmanagementforlanddegradationcontrolshouldbelearnedforimprovingefficiencyoflanddegradationinChina’swesternregion.

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简介：Climatechangeisthelargeststressfactorchallengingglobalterritorialecosystem.Thediscussiononlanddegradationcontrolinaridecosystemunderthecontextofclimatechangeforincreasingthecapacitytomitigateandadapttotheclimatechangeandgraduallyrestoringtheintegratedproductionpotentialoriginallypossessedbylandecosystemisapressingissuetoaddress.Thepaperanalyzedtheeffectofclimatechangeonlanddegradationinaridecosystem,anddescribedtheprotectionandrehabilitationofforest,grasslandandfarmlandecosystems,andtheenhancementoftheresponsetoclimatechangeandtheimprovementofpeople’slivelihoodfromtheviewpointofintegratedecosystemmanagement.Thisstudyisexpectedtoofferanewconceptforlanddegradationcontrolandsustainablemanagementofaridecosysteminthecontextofglobalclimatechange.

简介：Thepaperreviewedthebackgroundofpublic-privatepartnership(PPP)development,describedPPPconcept,characteristicsandbasicmodels,andanalyzedthenecessityandfeasibilitytodeveloplanddegradationcontrolPPP.ThentheexperiencesthatElionResourcesGroupinInnerMongoliahasaccumulatedinKubuqiDesertcontrolanddevelopmentaswellastherevelationsweresummarizedwiththehopetoprovidereferenceforestablishinglanddegradationcontrolPPPinaridareaofwesternregion.

简介：Thechangeofpinescale(HemiberlesiapitysophilaTakagi)populationdensityonpineforestinurbanparkbetweentreatment(tendingoperations)andCK(notendingoperations)wasresearchedinthispaper.Theresultswereshownasfollows:populationdensitydeclinedto0.63headperbundlefrom2.61headsperbundlewhencrowndensityofpineinurbanparkhadbecome0.5orsobymeansofcultivationactivitiessuchasfelling,pruningandthinningandsoon,anddropgotto75.86percent.Thepinewoodswouldsoongetrevivedonceusingthesecultivationactivities,sotendingoperationswasmainmeasurescontrollingoverharmofpinescaleinurbanpark;Atthesametime,populationdensityofpinescaleonpinewoodsinthesunnyslopewasmorethanthatinthesomberslopeandithadbecomelessandlessfromsunnyslopetosomberslope.Therefore,treespeciesmustbechosenintheplanninganddesignofurbanparkforpreventingharmandhappeningofpinescale.

简介：Usingthevirusestosustainablecontrolforestpestinsectswerereviewedinthispaper.Andthestatusofforestpestinsectsandbio-controltechniqueinChinawereintroduced.Thecriterionofstableecologicalsystemandthemethodsofrestorationandconstructionwerealsoanalyzed.Meanwhile,theexperimentinwhich4speciesofinsectviruseswereusedandsuccessfullycontroltheforestpestinsectspersistentlyindicatethattheinsectvirusesplayanimportantroleinrestoringandconstructingstableforestecologysystem.

简介：Populus在西北的印度在整个它的分布范围受不了多重昆虫损坏。工具基于假设被做昆虫产地的那操作的各种各样的管理的评估能提供有形的结果。文化惯例的操作，在12月期间地耕作，并且庄稼(小麦，Trifoliumalexandrinum和其它)成长导致更低的成年出现，减少的叶群袭，每白杨叶除叶剂(PLD)的米分支长度幼虫和蛹数。休闲种植园是容易的更多比杂种的种植园PLD攻击。Closterarestitura的更高的发生由于这个地点，灌溉水的差的质量和干燥天气条件的不适当在西南的干燥地区被记录。Populus树的完全的脱衣不发生在低温度与高湿度，旁遮普的submountaneous地区。化学控制研究在实验室与领域条件被进行，并且在五杀虫药剂之中测试了Profenophos50EC，Quinalphos25EC和酉维因50WP@0.05和0.1%集中在喷洒以后把PLD幼虫的一致地高的死亡给了21天。在山峰活动时期以前与在晚上小时期间的杀虫药剂的使用提高管理选择的效率。

简介：Afieldexperiment,involvinglimeN(calciumcyanamide,CaCN2)fertilizationasacontrolmeasure,wasconductedtostudyenvironmentalproblemsinducedbylong-termheavyNapplicationinJapaneseteafields.Long-termteacultivationcausedserioussoilacidification.Seventy-sevenpercentofthe70teafieldsinvestigatedhadsoilpHvaluesbelow4.0,and9%below3.0,withthelowestvalueof2.7.Moreover,excessNapplicationinteafieldsputathreattoplantgrowth,inducedseriousnitratecontaminationtolocalwater,andcausedhighnitrousoxideloss.ComparedwiththeconventionalhighNapplicationtreatment(1100kgNha-1)withoutlimeN,thelowNapplication(400kgNha-1)withcalciumcyanamideeffectivelystoppedsoilacidificationaswellasachievedthesameorslightlyhigherlevelsinteayieldandintotalNandaminoacidcontentsofteashoots.Theapplicationofcalciumcyanamidecouldbeasuitablefertilizationforthepreventionofenvironmentalproblemsinteacultivation.

简介：ThereasonsfortheYangtzeRiverfloodcalamityin1998arebrieflyintroduced.Theauthorsbelievethatusinga'soilreservoir'conceptisanimportantmeanstohelpcontrolfloodingoftheYangtzeRiver.A'soilreservoir'hasalargepotentialstoragecapacityanditswatercanberapidly'discharged'intotheundergroundwaterinatimelyfashion.Theeroded,infertilesoilsoftheYangtzeRiverWatershedarecurrentlyanobstacletoefficientoperationofthe'soilreservoir'.Thestoragecapacityofthis'soilreservoir'hasbeenseverelyhamperedduetointensivesoilerosionandtheformationofsoilcrusts.Therefore,possiblemeasurestocontrolfloodsintheYangtzeRiverWatershedinclude:rehabilitatingthevegetationtopreservesoilandwaterontheerodedinfertilesoils,enhancinginfiltrationofthedifferentsoiltypes,andutilizingthelarge'soilreservoir'oftheupperreachesoftheYangtzeRiver.

简介：Anewendophyticantagonisticfungus,ChaetomiumspiraleND35fromPopulustomentosa,wasreported.Thebio-controltrialsofC.spiraleND35againsttheValsaCankerofapplewerepreliminarilyinvestigated.TheresultsofdualcultureonPDAplateshowedthatC.spiraleND35wascapableofstrongantagonismagainstValsaceratosperma,andforinhibitingthemycelialgrowthofV.ceratosperma,.thecrudeextractofliquidcultureofcornsteeppowderbrothwasmoreeffectivethanthatoneofmaltextractbroth(MEB).Theresultsofbio-controlingreenhouseandfieldindicatedthatthediseaseincidenceofappletreetreatedwithC.spiraleND35waslowersignificantlythanthattreatedbyothermethods.There-isolationexperimentsuggestedthatC.spiraleND35couldcolonizeinstemsandbranchesofappletreessuccessfully,andtheND35colonizationrateofthetreatmentwithsolidwheatbranculturewashigherthanthatofcornsteeppowderbroth,butthefieldexperimentresultthecontroleffectofliquidcultureofC.spiraleND35wasbetterthanthatofsolidculture.