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简介：在分数之间的关系在风险分数系统(RSS)获得了的AIMTo分析与渗透keratoplasty(PKP)由希克斯等求婚了在1y的接枝失败手术后地并且在在有PKP接枝失败的风险的RSS的每个因素之中使用univariate和multivariateanalysis.METHODSThe有的回顾的队学习152从152个病人的PKP。十八个盒子由于主要失败(10个盒子)从我们的学习被排除，不完全的医药笔记(5个盒子)和后续不到1y(3个盒子)。我们从134个病人包括了134PKP在外科手术前的风险分数成层。枪兵系数在1y为在获得的分数和失败的风险之间的关系被计算。Univariate和multivariate分析为在1y.RESULTSSpearman系数在接枝失败上在RSS包括的每个单个风险因素的影响被计算在在RSS和接枝失败的分数之间的显示出的统计上重要的关联(P<0.05)。Multivariate逻辑回归分析没显示出统计上重要的关系(P>0.05)在有接枝失败的诊断和透镜地位之间。在因素学习了的另外的风险和接枝失败之间的关系是重要的(P<0.05)，尽管以前的接枝的结果和接枝失败是不可靠的。这样，任何一个都没我们的病人有以前的输血它没有impact.CONCLUSIONAftermultivariate分析技术的申请，一些风险因素不在1y在接枝失败上显示出期望的影响。

简介：AbstractBackground:Although there are few studies mentioned there may be some relationship between psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and osteoporosis, clinical data in real world still need to be clarified in China. The aim of this study was to assess the areal and volumetric bone mineral density (BMD), frequency of fracture, and risk factors in patients with PsA.Methods:A total of one hundred PsA patients who visited Peking University First Hospital and one hundred age- and sex-matched healthy controls with DXA data were enrolled in the study. Patients with clinical fractures confirmed by X-ray during follow-up were also recorded. Clinical characteristics of the patients were recorded and compared between the abnormal BMD group and the normal BMD group, as well as between the fracture and non-fracture groups. Risk factors for fracture and low BMD were analyzed.Results:Mean BMD at the total hip and femoral neck was significantly lower in PsA patients than that in healthy controls (0.809 ± 0.193 vs. 0.901 ± 0.152 g/cm2, P = 0.041; 0.780 ± 0.146 vs. 0.865 ± 0.166 g/cm2, P = 0.037, respectively). Moreover, lumbar spine BMD was negatively correlated with psoriasis duration, swollen joint count and DAS28-CRP (r = -0.503, -0.580, -0.438; P < 0.05). Total hip BMD and femoral neck BMD were negatively correlated with HAQ (r = -0.521, -0.335; P < 0.05). Fractures occurred in 29 patients during the follow-up period. Logistic regression analysis showed that older age (OR 1.132 [95% CI: 1.026-1.248), P < 0.05], higher HAQ score (OR 1.493, 95%CI: 1.214-1.836, P < 0.01), higher disease activity index for psoriatic arthritis (OR 1.033, 95% CI: 1.002-1.679, P < 0.05) and hip joint involvement (OR 6.401, 95% CI: 4.012-44.180, P < 0.05) were risk factors for fracture in the multivariate model.Conclusions:Increased risks of osteoporosis and fracture were found in PsA patients compared to healthy controls. Besides age, high disease activity and hip joint involvement were risk factors for decreased BMD and fracture.

简介：Objective:Toexploretheriskfactorsofnosocomialinfectioninseverecraniocerebraltraumaandthewayofprevention.Methods:Theclinicaldataof387patientswithseverecraniocerebraltraumawerereviewed.Results:Thetotalnosocomialinfectionrateofthisstudywas22.99%.Pulmonarynosocomialinfectionpresentedmostfrequently.TheG-bacilliwerethemostcommoninfectiousbacteria.Themortalityrateoftheinfectiongroupwas38.20%.Conclusions:Complicationsofnosocomialinfectionaffecttheprognosisofcraniocerebraltraumapatients.Nosocomialinfectionisrelatedtotheageofthepatients,craniocerebraltraumaseverity,unreasonableutilizationofantibioticsandinvasiveoperations,suchastrachealcannula,mechanicalventilation,urethralcatheterizationanddeepvenouscatheterization.Patientswithseverecraniocerebraltraumashouldbecarefullytreatedandnursedtoavoidnosocomialinfection.Inordertoreducetherateofnosocomialinfection,intensivemeasurementshouldbeadopted.

简介：AbstractBackground:Clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis (CADM) is a unique sub-type of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies with a high prevalence of interstitial lung disease (ILD). Poor prognosis of the patients was strongly associated with rapid progressive ILD. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for prediction of different types of ILD in CADM.Methods:In this study, data of 108 inpatients with CADM were collected, including 87 with ILD. The baseline clinical data and laboratory parameters, including myositis-specific and associated antibodies and tumor-associated antigens were analyzed to identify risk factors for acute or subacute interstitial pneumonitis (A/SIP) and chronic interstitial pneumonitis (CIP).Results:In 87 patients with CADM-ILD, 39 (36.1%) were A/SIP, and 48 (44.4%) were CIP. There were 22 (20.4%) patients with asymptomatic ILD who were detected by routine high resolution computed tomography. Cytokeratin-19 fragment (CYFRA21-1) was significantly higher in CADM-ILD than that in CADM patients without ILD; carcinoembryonic antigen and neuron-specific enolase were significantly elevated in A/SIP than that in CIP. Patients with A/SIP had a higher positive rate of anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5), while patients with CIP had a higher positive rate of anti PL-12 and anti-Ro-52. Logistic regression analysis indicated that elevation of CYFRA21-1 was a risk factor for ILD, higher titer of anti-MDA5 indicated increased likelihood for A/SIP, and higher titer of anti-Ro-52 was also clearly associated with CIP.Conclusions:This study indicated that the prevalence of ILD was high in CADM. Asymptomatic ILD has been previously underestimated. Anti-MDA5 was a risk factor for the presence of A/SIP, and CYFRA21-1 was a risk factor for ILD.

简介：ObjectiveToexploretherelationshipbetweensuddensensorineuralhearingloss(SSNHL)andvascularriskfactors(includingserumlipidsanduricacid).MethodThisisaretrospectiveanalysisof100casesofSSNHLseenattheDrumTowerHospital,NanjingMedicalUniversity,betweenJan.2007andApr.2008。Patienthistory,bloodtestresultsandimagingscanswereanalyzed.Levelsoftriglyceride(TG),cholesterols(CHO),highdensitylipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-CH),lowdensitylipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-CH),apolipoproteinAI(ApoAI),apolipoproteinB(ApoB)anduricacid(UA)fromthesepatientswerecomparedwithacontrolgroupof56patientstreatedforvocalcordpolypsornasalseptumdeviationduringthesameperiod.Patientswithhypertension,diabetes,heart,brain,liverorkidneydisordersareexcludedfromthepresentinvestigation.ResultsHDLCHlevelwashigherandUAlevellowerinthestudygroupthanthecontrolgroup(P<0.05).HDL-CHandUAshowednosignificantdifferencesamongdifferentage-groups(P>0.05).TherewerenosignificantdifferencesinthelevelsofTG,CHO,LDL-CH,ApoAIandApoB(P>0.05).ConclusionThesedataindicatethatmetabolicdisturbancesofserumlipidsand/oruricacidmaybepotentialriskfactorsforSSNHL

简介：AbstractAlzheimer disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia characterized by the progressive cognitive and social decline. Clinical drug targets have heavily focused on the amyloid hypothesis, with amyloid beta (Aβ), and tau proteins as key pathophysiologic markers of AD. However, no effective treatment has been developed so far, which prompts researchers to focus on other aspects of AD beyond Aβ, and tau proteins. Additionally, there is a mounting epidemiologic evidence that various environmental factors influence the development of dementia and that dementia etiology is likely heterogenous. In the past decades, new risk factors or potential etiologies have been widely studied. Here, we review several novel epidemiologic and clinical research developments that focus on sleep, hypoxia, diet, gut microbiota, and hearing impairment and their links to AD published in recent years. At the frontiers of AD research, these findings and updates could be worthy of further attention.

简介：AbstractBackground:Keloids are benign fibrous growths that are caused by excessive tissue build-up. Severe keloids exert more significant effects on patients’ quality of life than do mild keloids. We aimed to identify factors associated with the progression from mild keloids to severe keloids, as distinct from those associated with the formation of keloids.Methods:In this retrospective case-control study, 251 patients diagnosed with keloids at West China Hospital between November 2018 and April 2021 were grouped according to the severity of lesions (mild [n = 162] or severe [n = 89]). We collected their basic characteristics, living habits, incomes, comorbidities, and keloid characteristics from Electronic Medical Records in the hospital and the patients’ interviews. Conditional multivariable regression was performed to identify the independent risk factors for the progression of keloids.Results:Eighty-nine patients (35.5%) were classified as having severe keloids. We found the distribution of severe keloids varied with sex, age, excessive scrubbing of keloids, family income, the comorbidity of rheumatism, disease duration, characteristics of the location, location in sites of high-stretch tension, the severity and frequency of pain, the severity of pruritus, and infection. Multivariable analysis revealed significant associations between severe keloids and infection (odds ratio [OR], 3.55; P = 0.005), excessive scrubbing of keloids (OR, 8.65; P = 0.001), low or middle family income (OR, 13.44; P = 0.021), comorbidity of rheumatism (OR, 18.97; P = 0.021), multiple keloids located at multiple sites (OR, 3.18; P = 0.033), and disease duration >15 years (OR, 2.98; P = 0.046).Conclusion:Doctors should implement more active and thorough measures to minimize the progression of mild keloids in patients who have any of the following risk factors: infection, excessive scrubbing of keloids, low or middle family income, comorbidity of rheumatism, multiple keloids located at multiple sites, and disease duration >15 years.

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简介：到hamstring的BackgroundInjuries在职业cricketers是相对普通的(因为他们在许多队运动)并且自从2006.MethodsThis学习分析了发生，在板球的T20时代(20-over比赛的介绍)在发生增加了喻摧毁在各种各样的精英男性比赛的损害在一个20年的时期上打字(到2014-2015季节的1995-1996)。风险因素为喻摧毁紧张用逻辑回归分析technique.ResultsThere是的multivariate被估计276比赛时间损失喻摧毁在州或国家的运动员水平，170发生在40,145运动员火柴之一设置的澳大利亚人在一个20年的时期上记录的损害。比赛发作率的全面的率是22.5喻摧毁损害每1000队天。快保龄发作损害每1000队天是以10.9损害的率的最高的子范畴，尽管打的发作损害在50-over(一天)是特别地普通的国际比赛。在逻辑回归分析的重要风险因素，除了喻摧毁损害历史，正在是快bowler亲戚风险(RR)2.5(95%信心间隔(CI)：1.3-4.5)并且在澳大利亚RR2.3玩一场比赛(95%CI：1.3-3.9).ConclusionFastbowlers承受更多喻摧毁损害比在板球的另外的玩的角色，特别地在头等(多天)上板球。Batsmen是更可能的变得在50-over(一天)受伤了板球。在澳大利亚玩(与海外地点相比)导致增加的风险喻摧毁损害。

简介：瞄准：与良性的职业人员静电干扰增生(BPH)在病人为职业人员静电干扰发炎程度和感染调查风险因素以便更高效地管理职业人员静电干扰发炎。方法：有在四川大学的韦斯特中国医院里经历在2005年9月和2005年12月之间的TURP的BPH的六十个病人被学习。前列腺液体(PF)为能分泌的IgA(SIgA)的测量被收集并且补充3(C3)。前列腺织物为由即时PCR的严峻的细菌的16SrDNA是镇定的，检验在织物的SIgA并且检验发炎。为职业人员静电干扰发炎或感染的可能的临床、有免疫力的风险因素被使用逻辑回归方法分析。结果：在尿分析法，职业人员静电干扰感染和在PF的C3的高集中的反常的白血房间计数是为职业人员静电干扰发炎程度的风险因素(P=0.025，0.034和0.035，分别地并且机会比率[或]=18.269，8.284和1.508，分别地)。为职业人员静电干扰感染的风险因素在PF包括C3集中和SIgA的集中(P=0.003和0.013，分别地并且OR=1.645并且0.993，分别地)。结论：现在的学习建议那职业人员静电干扰发炎与泌尿道感染，职业人员静电干扰感染和激活的补充被联系，那职业人员静电干扰感染与BPH在病人的前列腺与激活的补充并且在调整粘膜免疫下面被联系。单个有免疫力的规定应该与BPH在职业人员静电干扰发炎的治疗和病人的感染被考虑，这也被建议。

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简介：探索临床的特征和风险因素的目的在受不了骨质疏松症相关的破裂以及有效干预的病人重新断裂。从2006年1月的方法到2008年1月，我们的医院里的门诊病人和住院病人是超过50岁并且受不了骨质疏松症相关的破裂的人，为这研究被选择。他们被划分成破裂组并且重新断裂组。重新断裂率被跟随在上面为2，年，11个病人在期间发展了重新断裂，因此在重新断裂组被包括。因此，273个病人，225个第一破裂的盒子，变老(67.7

简介：Theetiologyofvasoplegicsyndrome(VS)isnotcompletelyelucidatedandtheclinicalimportanceremainsspeculative.MethodsTwenty-fourpatientswhounderwentcoronaryarterybypassgraftinganddevelopedVSwerecomparedwith48controlpatientswithoutVSina2:1casecontrolstudy.Casesandcontrolswerematchedbygender,age(±5yearsold)andoperationdate(±1week).ResultsTheindependentpredictorsofVSwerelowerejectionfraction(OR10.75,95%CI2.93-39.44,whenLVEF<0.45)anddiureticuse(OR8.98,95%CI2.59-31.10)inlogisticregressionanalysis.Conclusionlowerejectionfraction(<0.45)anddiureticuseareindependentriskfactorsforVSoccurrence.

简介：Therecognitionthatpsychosocialriskfactorscontributetothepathogenesisofcardiovasculardiseasehasledtothedevelopmentofanewfieldofbehavioralcardiology.Theinitialimpetusforthisfieldwasstudiesperformedinthe1980sand1990sthatprovidedepidemiologicalevidenceandapathophysiologicalbasisforastronglinkbetweenanumberofpsychosocialriskfactorsandcardiovasculardisease,includingdepression,anxiety,hostility,jobstress,andpoorsocialsupport.Inrecentyears,additionalpsychosocialriskfactorshavebeenidentified,includingpessimism;otherformsofchronicstress,suchaschildhoodabuseandtrauma,andthepsychologicalstressthatmaybeassociatedwithchronicmedicalillness;lackoflifepurpose;andthesyndromeof“vitalexhaustion,”whichconsistsofatriadofexhaustion,demoralization,andirritability.Newresearchinthelastdecadehasalsoestablishedthatpositivepsychosocialfactors,suchasoptimism,positiveemotions,avibrantsociallife,andastrongsenseoflifepurpose,canhaveanimportanthealth-bufferingeffectthroughtheirfavorableinfluenceonhealthbehaviorsandpromotionofpositivephysiologicalfunctioning.Patientscanbescreenedforpsychosocialriskfactorsinclinicalpracticethrougheithertheuseofopen-endedquestions,whichcanbeintegratedintoaphysician’sstandardreviewofsystems,ortheuseofshortquestionnaires.Physicianscanassistinthetreatmentofpsychosocialriskfactorsinvariousways,suchasscreeningpatientsforpsychologicaldistressandmakingappropriatereferralswhenindicated,providingpatientswithpracticallifestylesuggestions,andemployingofficepersonneltoteachpatientsbehavioralorpsychosocialinterventionsthatcanpromoteasenseofwell-beingand/orreducestress.

简介：Sex-specificdifferencesintheepidemiologyandpathophysiologyofcoronaryarterydiseaseandischemicheartdiseasearenowwellrecognized.Womenwithanginamoreoftenhavenonobstructivecoronaryarterydisease(NOCAD)comparedwithmen.Thispatientpopulationcarriesasignificantriskoffuturecardiovasculareventsthatisnotcommonlyappreciated,oftenleadingtodelayeddiagnosisandtreatment.WhilecoronarymicrovasculardysfunctionplaysacentralroleinthepathophysiologyofNOCADinwomen,othermechanismsofmyocardialischemiaarenowrecognized.RiskfactorssuchashypertensionandobesitydisparatelyaffectwomenandarelikelytoaccountforasignificantproportionofNOCADinthecomingyears.VascularinflammationisanimportantpathophysiologicpathwayinNOCADandisapotentialtherapeutictarget.CoronaryCTangiographyprovidesacomprehensiveassessmentofcoronaryanatomyandplaquemorphologyandisareasonablescreeningtestofchoiceforNOCAD.

简介：AbstractBackground:The aim of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the risk factors of periprocedural ischemic stroke associated with endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms using a real-world database.Methods:From August 2016 to March 2017, 167 patients were enrolled. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to examine the risk factors for periprocedural ischemic stroke.Results:Among the 167 cases, periprocedural ischemic stroke occurred in 20 cases (11.98%). After univariate analysis, the ischemic group had a higher proportion of large (≥ 10 mm) aneurysms than the control group (45.0% vs. 23.1%, p= 0.036). The incidence of periprocedural ischemic stroke was higher in cases treated by flow diverter (21.6%) or stent-assisted coiling (11.8%) than in cases treated by coiling only (2.7%), and the differences were statistically significant (p = 0.043). After multivariate logistic regression analysis, treatment modality was the independent risk factor for periprocedural ischemic stroke. Compared with the coiling-only procedure, flow diverter therapy was associated with a significantly higher rate of periprocedural ischemic stroke (OR 9.931; 95% CI 1.174-84.038; p = 0.035).Conclusions:Aneurysm size and treatment modality were associated with periprocedural ischemic stroke. Larger aneurysms were associated with increased risk of periprocedural ischemic stroke. Flow diverter therapy was associated with significantly more periprocedural ischemic stroke than the coiling procedure alone.

简介：AbstractObjective:Endoscopic approaches for sinus and skull base surgery are increasing in popularity. The objective of this narrative review is to characterize risk factors for internal carotid artery injury in endoscopic endonasal surgery (EES), highlight preventative measures, and illustrate key management principles.Data Sources:Comprehensive literature review.Methods:Relevant literature was reviewed using PubMed/MEDLINE.Results:Carotid artery injury in EES is rare, with most studies reporting an incidence below 0.1%. Anatomic aberrancies, wide dissection margins, as well as specific provider and hospital factors, may increase the risk of injury. Multidisciplinary teams, comprehensive preoperative imaging, patient risk assessment, and formal training in vascular emergencies may reduce the risk. Management protocols should emphasize proper visualization of the injury site, fluid replacement, rapid packing, angiography, and endovascular techniques to achieve hemostasis.Conclusions:While EES is a relatively safe procedure, carotid artery injury is a devastating complication that warrants full consideration in surgical planning. Important preventative measures include identifying patients with notable risk factors and obtaining preoperative imaging. Multidisciplinary teams and management protocols are ultimately necessary to reduce morbidity and mortality.