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简介：Thispaperaddressesaverygeneralproblem—therelationshipbetweenimplicitandexplicitformsofmeaning–thatisasoldasscholarlyattentiontolanguageinuse.Itfirsttriestodefinetheproblem.Thenitpresentssomeelementaryaspectsofthewayinwhichtheproblemhasbeendealtwithinthepragmaticliterature.Thisisfollowedbyanexcursionintotheworldofrelatednatural-languageconcepts,asreflectedintheEnglishmetapragmaticlexicon.Finally,thepapertriestomakeacontributiontoasolutionbyproposingathreedimensionalmatrixtoaccountforwhatmightlooklikeaone-dimensionalgradablescalefromimplicittoexplicit.Anattemptismadetoillustratethepotentialusefulnessofthesuggestions.Conclusionsmainlytaketheformofperspectivesforfutureresearch.

简介：Paradox(悖论）一词来自希腊语“Para-dokein”，意思是“多想一想”，现在paradox可指导致矛盾的命题，如果承认此命题为真，经过一系列正确的推理，却又得出它是假的，如果承认它是假的，经过一系列正确的推理，却又得出它是真的，古今中外有不少著名的悖论，

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简介：通过对激波曲线的分析，研究了Euler方程组的激波反射结构，给出了Euler方程组激波反射现象中发生冯·诺依曼矛盾（VonNeumannParadox）的一个充分条件，该条件是非必要的。结果表明，当给定绝热指数时，是否发生VonNeumannParadox依赖于入射激波的马赫数和入射角。研究结果为激波反射分类和弱激波反射的研究提供一定依据。

简介：HealthinstitutionsinthePeople’sRepublicofChinaareunderconsiderablechallenge.Innovationsinmanagementsystemsmaysupportthechallengetoincreasebothefficiencyandeffectiveness.Thebalancedscorecard(BSC)isonesuchinnova-tion.WehaveusedamodeltoexplorethefactorsthatmayimpactthediffusionoftheBSCinChinesegovernmenthospitals.Inparticular,weconcentrateonthreefactors—theoutercontext,thenatureoftheinnovationandthecommunicationandinfluence.TheoutercontextandthenatureoftheinnovationdoprovideaninducementtoimplementaBSC.Thestrengthofthecommunica-tionandinfluencemayaffecttheleveloftake-up.However,werecognisethattheymaychoosetheBSCnotforanyapparenttechnicalexcellencebutforthelegitimationthatWesternman-agementpracticesmaybringtolocalmanagers.

简介：AbstractDespite overwhelming evidence from large randomized clinical trials supporting a clear benefit of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) lowering therapy on the primary and secondary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, data from epidemiological and clinical observations demonstrated an increased incidence of hemorrhagic stroke in patients with low LDL-C exposure (<70 mg/dL), especially among East Asians. Meanwhile, emerging studies have reported a paradoxical phenomenon in which hypercholesterolemia is associated with better short-term outcomes in acute coronary syndrome patients, the "lipid paradox." The underlying mechanism for these two closely connected clinical observations is not clear. This review aimed to summarize the evolution and clinical implications of these two low LDL-C related concepts, and proposed a "double-hit" hypothesis that may help explain these phenomena. It is worth noting that in the era of increasing use of high-intensity LDL-C lowering and dual antiplatelet strategies in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in patients receiving percutaneous coronary intervention, balancing the risk of thrombosis with bleeding complication should be a priority in clinical practice. Our hypothesis may raise clinicians’ awareness to identify potential high risk patients with low LDL-C (<70 mg/dL), especially among East Asians.