简介:Thispaperproposesandmakesastudyofanewmodel(calledthe3/2plusjumpsmodel)forVIXoptionpricing.Themodelallowsthemean-reversionspeedandvolatilityofvolatilitytobehighlysensitivetotheactuallevelofVIX.Inparticular,thepositivevolatilityskewisaddressedbythe3/2plusjumpsmodel.Dailycalibrationisusedtoprovethattheproposedmodelpreservesitsvalidityandreliabilityforbothin-sampleandout-of-sampletests.Theresultsshowthatthemodelsarecapableoffittingthemarketpricewhilegeneratingpositivevolatilityskew.
简介:Asoneofcandidatesforthefuelcladdingorstructurematerialusedinfourthgenerationfissionandfusiondemonstratereactor,MAXphasehasthepropertiesofbothceramicandmetal,suchashighmeltingpoint,hightemperaturestability,gooderosionresistanceandradiation-damagetolerance[1;2].Maxphaseisaseriesofceramicsofnanolamellarandhexagonalstructure.Mrepresentstransitionelement.Arepresentsthethirdorfourthmaingroupelement.XrepresentNandC.Inthedesignoflead-cooledfastreactor,itisrequiredthatthematerialshouldendurethecorrosionofliquidPb-Bialloy.Therefore,understandingoftheoxidelayersandtheirgrowthmechanismsinLBEisfundamentallyimportantforthedevelopmentofcandidatematerials.
简介:一张图的一个顶点被说统治它的邻居的本身和所有。图G的一个双统治集合是G的顶点的集合D,以便G的每个顶点被D的至少二个顶点统治。图G的双支配数字是G的一个双统治集合的最小的集的势。为图G=(V,E),如果V(G)\D的每个顶点在D有至少二位邻居,子集DV(G)是一个2-dominating集合,当如果,统治G的集合是2-outer-independent的时另外集合V(G)\D是独立的。G的2-outer-independent支配数字是统治G的集合的2-outer-independent的最小的集的势。这份报纸加一个与双支配数字平等者描绘所有树到2-outer-independent支配数字。
简介:Thispaperreportsthatanatmosphericpressuredielectricbarrierdischargeplasmajet,whichusesargonorargon+hydrogenperoxidevapourastheworkinggas,isdesignedtosterilizethebacillussubtilis.Comparedwiththepureargonplasma,thebacterialinactivationefficacyhasasignificantimprovementwhenhydrogenperoxidevapourisaddedintotheplasmajet.Inordertodeterminewhichfactorsplaythemainroleininactivation,severalmethodsareused,suchasdeterminationofopticalemissionspectra,hightemperaturedryairtreatment,proteinleakagequantification,andscanningelectronmicroscope.Theseresultsindicatethatthepossibleinactivationmechanismsarethesynergisticactionsofchemicallyactivespeciesandchargedspecies.