简介：现在的学习试图在差错地区揭示postseismic液体压力的恢复时期，提供进地震复发的卓见。数字建模基于2D被执行在地震差错以内模仿液体活动的简单分层的差错阀门模型。为了表明postseismic液体的特征，处于自然状态迫使，构造运动的干扰没被考虑。postseismic液体压力的恢复时期包括一个suddenchanging时期和一个长得多的波动时期。当模特儿的结果证明那差错渗透和孔是敏感参数并且与在地震差错地区的液体压力的恢复时期相对地成正比。当渗透从10把-15归结为10-18m2,时，恢复时期correspondently从400～2000年增加。上面、更低的液体压力被阀门封口分开，引起他们在相反的趋势的变化。

简介：Offshoredrillingandproductionoperationscanresultinspillsorleaksofhydrocarbonsintoseabedsediments,whichcanpotentiallycontaminatethesesedimentswithoil.Ifthisoillatermigratestothewatersurfaceithasthepotentialfornegativeenvironmentalimpacts.Forpropercontingencyplanningandtoavoidlargerconsequencesintheenvironment,itisessentialtounderstandmechanismsandratesforhydrocarbonmigrationfromoilcontainingsedimentstothewatersurfaceaswellashowmuchwillremaintrappedinthesediments.Itisbelievedthattheamountofoiltransportedoutofthesedimentcanbeaffectedbytidalpumping,acommonformofsubterraneangroundwaterdischarge(SGD).However,wecouldfindnostudyexperimentallyinvestigatingthephenomenonoffluidflowinsubseasedimentscontainingoilandtheeffectsoftidalpumping.Thisstudypresentsanexperimentalinvestigationoftidalpumpingtodetermineifitisapossiblemechanismthatmaycontributetotheappearanceofanoilsheenontheoceansurfaceaboveasedimentbedcontainingoil.AnexperimentalapparatuswasconstructedofclearPVCpipeallowingforoilmigrationtobemonitoredasitflowedoutofasandpackcontainingoil,whiletidalpressureoscillationswereappliedinthreedifferentmanners.Theeffectoftidalpumpingwassimulatedviacompressionofairabovethewater(whichsimulatedtheincreasingstaticheadfromtidalexchange).Experimentalresultsshowthatsustainedoilreleaseoccurredfromalltests,andtestswithoscillatingpressureproducedforlongerperiodsoftime.Furthermore,theexperimentalresultsshowedthattheoilmigrationratewasaffectedbygrainsize,oilsaturation,andoscillationwavetype.Inalloscillatingexperimentstherateandultimaterecoverywaslessthanthecomparablestaticexperiments.Fortheconditionsstudied,theexperimentalresultsindicatethatwithanoscillatingpressureontopofasandpack,movementofanon-replenishingsourceofoilissuppressed

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简介：PagenumberreferencestoVolume27arelisted.Abbreviations:A,article;BR,bookreview;CR,conferencereport;E,editorial;F,forum;GM,geologicalmap;NR,newsreport;P,profile.

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简介：Ｔｗｏ－ＤｉｍｅｎｓｉｏｎａｌＭｏｄｅｌｏｆＨｙｄｒａｕｌｉｃＦｒａｃｔｕｒｉｎｇｉｎＧｅｏｓｃｉｅｎｃｅｓ：Ｅｆｆｅｃｔｓ　ｏｆ　Ｆｌｕｉｄ　ＢｕｏｙａｎｃｙＹｏｓｈｉｔｏＮａｋａｓｈｉｍａ；ＭｉｔｓｕｈｉｒｏＴｏｒｉｕｍｉ（ＧｅｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌＩ...

简介：Basedonananalysisofthefractalstructuresandmasstransportmechanismoftypicalshear-fluid-oreformationsystem,thefractaldispersiontheoryofthefluidsystemwasusedinthedynamicstudyoftheoreformationsystem.Themodelofpoint-sourcediffusiveilluviationoftheshear-fluid-oreformationsystemwasconstructed,andthenumericalsimulationofdynamicsoftheoreformationsystemwasfinished.Theresultshowsthat:(1)Themetallogenicsystemhavenestedfractalstructure.Differentfractaldimensionvaluesindifferentsystemsshowunbalanceandinhomogeneityofore-formingprocessesinthegeohistory.Itisanimportantparametertosymbolizetheprocessofremobilizationandaccumulationofore-formingmaterials.Alsoitcanindicatethedynamicsofthemetallogenicsystemquantitativelytosomeextent.(2)Inessence,thefractaldispersiveore-formingdynamicsisacombinationofmulti-processesdominatedbyfluiddynamicsandsupplementedbymoleculedispersioninfluidsandfluid-rockinteraction.Itchangescomponentsandphysico-chemicalpropertiesofprimaryrocksandfluids,favouringdepositionandmineralizationofore-formingmaterials.(3)Goldore-formingprocessesindifferenttypesofshearzonesarequitedifferent.(1)Inametallogenicsystemwithinhomogeneousvolumetricchangeandinhomogeneousshear,mineralizationoccursinstructuralbarriersinthecentreofashearzoneandingeochemicalbarriersintheshearzonenearitsboundaries.Butthereislittlepossibilityofmineralizationoutoftheshearzone.(2)Astoametallogenicsystemwithinhomogeneousvolumetricchangeandsimpleshear,mineralizationmayoccuronlyinstructuralbarriersnearthecentreoftheshearzone.(3)Inametallogenicsystemwithhomogeneousvolumetricchangeandinhomogeneousshear,mineralizationmayoccuringeochemicalbarriersbothwithinandoutoftheshearzone.

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简介：基于性质，构造和Huatugou油的反常压力系统的分发在Qaidam回答的核心样品，很好严峻的数据，和水库液体的全面学习盆被讨论。在压力系统和烃累积之间的关联被分析相应液体特征探讨。结果证明整个的Huatugou油领域有低形成压力和低液体精力；因此，烃是难的移居，它便于形成主要水库。学习水库，在Xiayoushashan形成定位了(N21)和Shangganchaigou形成(N1)是相对浅的并且有中等的孔和低渗透。他们分别地是有0.61和0.72的一个平均形成压力系数的反常低压的水库。根据压力系数和地热的异例，N1和N21形成属于二个独立温度压力系统，和前者有稍微更高的精力。低压的分隔空间作为主要身体由远侧的工具条组成，专业版三角洲泥作为最高的边界，和岸和浅湖泥或海藻的墩作为底部边界。他们垂直地被重叠并且水平地paralleled。形成水充满Cl−离子并且能与高咸度作为CaCl2类型被分类，它显示反常低压的分隔空间处于好封上的状况并且为油和煤气的累积和保藏有益。

简介：ThreelogarithmiclinearequationsbetweenDMeV/Land[mNaCl],andtherelationshipofDMeV/LversusF/ClorK/NamoleratioshavebeenestablishedbytheexperimentsofthepartitioningofPbandZnbetweengraniticsilicatemeltandaqueousfluid.Theseresultshavebeenusedtoquantitativelystudysomeessentialproblems,suchasthepossibilityanddegreeofPb-Znmineralizationinthesystemofgraniticmagmaandhydrothermalfluid,andtheinfluenceoftherelativecontentsofalkaliandvolatilesonthePb-Znmineralizationinthesamesystem.Somenewpointshavebeenputforwardinthispaper.

简介：以便保证在深水和忍受沉积的海洋的煤气的水合物里的安全的钻，钻液体系统的需要的特征被分析。而且，水合物形成和钻液体的设计polyalcohol的低温度的流变学上的不同代理人的效果分别地被测试。结果证明当修改淀粉和polyalcohol能禁止水合物形成到某程度，和PVPK90时，那泥土能支持煤气的水合物生长在水合物抑制上有好表演。钻液体的polyglycols的低温度的流变学上的泥土的影响是著名的。因此，钻液体的没有泥土的polyalcohol对深水和在最佳的条件下面钻的海洋的煤气的水合物合适。

简介：RareelementmineralizedgranitesoftheYanshanperiodinSouthernChinaarecharacterizedbyhighcontentsofSiO2,Na2O,O,K2O,andFandareenrichedinNb,Ta,REE,W,Sn,BeandLi.Opinionsdif-feredoverwhethertheyareofmetasomaticormagmaticorigin.Inthispaper,wepresentresultsofastudyonmeltandfluidinclusionsintopaz-albitefeldspargranitefromLimoNb-Ta-W-Sngraniteand414Ta-Lialbitegranite.Ourdata,whichcomefrom15mineralizedgranites,providestrongsupportmagmaticorigin.Meltinclusionsarerecognizedinbothtopazandquartz,andareassociatedwithprimarygas-richinclusions.CrystallitesofaNb（Ta）-bearingmineralandcassiteritearealsocommonlypresentasinclusionsinthetopaz.Multiphase（melt+fluid）inclusionsareobservedinsomequartzfromgranitesandgranite-relatedpegmatite.Meltinclusionsstarttomeltatatemperatureofapproximately540℃intopazand650℃inquartz.Finalhomogenzationtemperatureis700-900℃inquartz,700-800℃intopazand440—550℃forpri

简介：ProfessorAliBasiraHenriKampunzupassedawayonMonday,29November2004attheMidlandParkHospitalinJohannesburg(SouthAfrica)andwaslaiddowntoeternalpeaceonMonday,06December2004inhishomecountryinKinshasa(DemocraticRepublicofCongo,DRC).Hewasawell-knownandgreatlyacknowledgedtrilingualAfricangeoscientist.Somearguethathewasthebest-knownandthegreatestAfricangeologistofourtime.

简介：CentralAsiaencompassesnearlyadozencountriesandconsistsofseveralorogeniccomplexes,oneofwhich,theAltaids,isca.1000kmwideand7000kmlong,stretchingfromtheUralMountainsintheWesttothePacificOceanintheEast.ItiscomposedofseveraltectoniccollagesthatwerecreatedbyoceanicsubductionandcontinentalcollisionfromtheLateProterozoictotheendofthePalaeozoic.Thelastdecadewitnessedtheestablishmentoftwocompetingtectonichypothesesforthedevelopmentoftheseorogeniccomplexes.Thefirstviews

简介：Forthefirsttime,fluid-meltinclusionsarefoundinfluoriteoftheHuanggangliangskarniron-tindeposit(HSID).Thefluoritewasformedinthemainstageofmineralization,namedthehydro-skarnizationstage.TheinclusionscontainvariouscomponentssuchasFe,MgandCrfromdeepsources.ThemeltsofprimaryinclusionsaremainlyCa-andF-richandthoseofsecondaryinclusionstendtobecomeSi-rich.Duringthisevolutionprocess,themeltsandirondaughtermineralsdecreasedandevenvanished.ThesefactsrevealthattheevolutionoftheprimarymineralizingfluidsandthedifferentiationofthefluidsandmeltsarethemainfactorsleadingtothedepositionofFe,Snandotherelements.ThisdiscoveryconfirmsthemagmaticgenesisoftheHSIDandhasfilledinthegapsintheresearchofmagmatogenicskarndepositsandfurnishednewmethodsforsuchresearch.Furthermore,ithasenlargedthescopeoftheresearchonfluidinclusions.

简介：WiththepassingofJürgenRemane,thegeologicalinstituteintheUniversityofNeuchǎtelandgeoscienceingeneral,lostascientistofinternationalreputation,agiftedteacher,and—aboveall—agoodfriend.

简介：ThispaperpresentstheIrtishtectoniczoneasanexampletostudyfluid-rockintcractionsduringovertbrustingdeformationprocessatthedepthofmiddle-lowercartbcrust.Theresultsshowthattherewereconspicuousfiuidactionsinthemcantimeofdeformation,andmanydeformationalanddifferentialmicrostructuresrelatedtonuid-rockintcr

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简介：RamanpeaksofvarioushydratesintheH2O-NaCl-CaCl2systemhavebeenpreviouslyidentified,butaquantitativerelationshipbetweentheRamanpeaksandXNaCl(i.e.,NaCl/(NaCl+CaCl2))hasnotbeenestablished,mainlyduetothedifficultytofreezethesolutions.Thisproblemwassolvedbyaddingaluminapowdertothesolutionstofacilitatenucleationofcrystals.Cryogenic(-185oC)Ramanspectroscopicstudiesofalumina-spicedsolutionsindicatethatXNaClislinearlycorrelatedwiththetotalpeakareafractionofhydrohalite.Capsulesofsolutionsmadefromsilicacapillarywerepreparedtosimulatefluidinclusions.Mostoftheseartificialfluidinclusionscouldnotbetotallyfrozenevenattemperaturesaslowas-185oC,andthetotalpeakareafractionofhydrohaliteisnotcorrelatedlinearlywithXNaCl.However,thedegreeofdeviation(?XNaCl)fromthelinearcorrelationestablishedearlierisrelatedtotheamountofresidualsolution,whichisreflectedbytheratio(r)ofthebaseline"bump"area,resultingfromtheinterstitialunfrozenbrinenear3435cm-1,andthetotalhydratepeakareabetween3350and3600cm-1.Alinearcorrelationbetween?XNaClandrisestablishedtoestimateXNaClfromcryogenicRamanspectroscopicanalysisforfluidinclusions.