简介：ThisstudyexaminesthemodulationoftropicalcyclogenesisovertheSouthChinaSea(SCS)bytheElNio-SouthernOscillation(ENSO)Modokiduringtheborealsummer.Resultsrevealthatthereweremoretropicalcyclones(TCs)formedovertheSCSduringcentralPacificwarmingyearsandlessTCfrequencyduringcentralPacificcoolingyears.Howdifferentenvironmentalfactors(includinglow-levelrelativevorticity,mid-levelrelativehumidity,verticalwindshear,andpotentialintensity)contributetothisinfluenceisinvestigated,usingagenesispotential(GP)indexdevelopedbyEmanuelandNolan.CompositeanomaliesoftheGPindexareproducedforcentralPacificwarmingandcoolingyearsseparately,whichcouldaccountforthechangesofTCfrequencyovertheSCSindifferentENSOModokiphases.Thedegreeofcontributionbyeachfactorisdeterminedquantitativelybyproducingcompositesofmodifiedindicesinwhichonlyoneofthecontributingfactorsvaries,withtheotherssettoclimatology.Theresultssuggestthattheverticalwindshearandlow-levelrelativevorticity,whichareassociatedwiththeENSOModoki-inducedanomalouscirculationsinMatsuno-Gillpatterns,makethelargestcontributionstotheENSOModokimodulationoftropicalcyclogenesisovertheSCSasimpliedbytheGPindex.TheseresultshighlighttheimportantrolesofdynamicfactorsinthemodulationofTCfrequencyovertheSCSbytheENSOModokiduringtheborealsummer.

简介：东方亚洲冬季季风(EAWM)的可变性能被划分成ENSO相关的部分(EAWMEN)和ENSO无关的部分(EAWMres)。在腐烂的关系ENSO上演的ENSO东方亚洲夏天季风(EASM)上的EAWMres的影响在现在的学习被调查。完成这，ENSO基于EAWMres被划分成四个组：(1)弱EAWMres-ElNi?o(WEAWMres在)；(2)强壮的EAWMres-ElNi?o(SEAWMres-在)；(3)弱EAWMres-LaNi?一(WEAWMres行)；(4)强壮的EAWMres-LaNi?一(SEAWMres行)。合成结果证明EAWMres可以为WEAWMres在和SEAWMres行在东亚上提高大气的回答到ENSO。相应低级逆旋风(气旋)在西方的诺思太平洋(WNP)上的异例把Ni与El联系了?o(LaNi?一)趋于强壮。重要地，这个特征可以坚持直到下列夏天，引起在为WEAWMres在案例的北中国并且在为SEAWMres行案例的西南的中国的丰富的降雨。为SEAWMres在和WEAWMres行组，相反，EAWMres趋于削弱与ElNi联系的大气的发行量异例?o或LaNi?一。在这些，情况，异常WNP反气旋或气旋趋于被减少并且限制了降低纬度，它为WEAWMres行为SEAWMres在并且在西南的中国在北中国导致缺乏的夏天降雨。进一步的学习建议异常EAWMres可以在热带以外的海表面温度异例上有效果，它坚持直到随后的夏天并且可以防碍ENSO的影响。

简介：ThestudyprovidesoneofthefirstlinesofevidenceshowinglinkagesbetweenAntarcticphytoplanktonabundanceandcompositioninresponsetoENSO,basedonhistoricalreconstructionofsedimentbiomarkers.Inadditiontosedimentbiomarkers,fieldmeasuredandremotesensingdataofphytoplanktonabundancewerealsorecordedfromPrydzBay,EasternAntarctica.CommunitystructureoffieldmeasuredphytoplanktonshowedsignificantElNino/LaNina-relatedsuccessionduring1990to2002.Ingeneral,thenumberofalgaespeciesdecreasedduringElNinoandLaNinayearscomparedtonormalyears.Australsummermonthlyvariationofremotelysensedchlorophyll-a(Chl-a),particulateorganiccarbon(POC),andseasurfacetemperature(SST)indicatedthatENSOimpactedthetimingofphytoplanktonbloomsduring2007to2011.Phytoplanktonblooms(indicatedbyChl-aandPOC)precededtheincreasesinSSTduringElNinoyears,andlaggedbehindtheSSTincreasesduringLaNinayears.Stratigraphicrecordofmarinesedimentarylipid(brassicasterol,dinosterolandalkenones)biomarkersinferredthattheproportionsofdifferentalgae(diatoms,dinoflagellatesandhaptophytes)changedsignificantlybetweenElNinoandLaNinaevents.Therelativeproportionofdiatomsincreased,withthatofdinoflagellatesbeingdecreasedduringElNinoyears,whileitwasreversedduringLaNinayears.