简介：AbstractBackground:The development of carotid-cavernous fistulas (CCFs) during surgical recanalization of chronic internal carotid artery occlusion (ICAO) may be secondary to severe ICA dissection rather than a focal tear of the cavernous ICA seen in typical traumatic CCFs. The purpose of this study is to investigate the causal relationship between the CCFs and severe ICA dissections and to characterize technical outcomes after treatment with stenting.Methods:Five patients underwent treatment with self-expanding stents due to intraprocedural CCF and ICA dissection following surgical removal of ICAO plaque. The stents were telescopically placed via true channel of the dissection. Safety of the procedure was evaluated with 30-day stroke and death rate. Procedural success was determined by the efficacy of CCF obliteration and ICAO recanalization with angiography.Results:All CCFs were associated with spiral and long segmental dissection from the cervical to cavernous ICA. After stenting, successful dissection reconstruction with TICI 3 was achieved in all patients, with complete (n = 4) or partial CCF (n = 1) obliteration. No patient had CCF syndrome, stroke, or death during follow-up of 6 to 37 months; but one patient had pulsatile tinnitus, which resolved 1 year later. Angiography at 6 to 24 months demonstrated CCF obliteration in all 5 patients and durable ICA patency in 4 patients.Conclusions:Intraprocedural CCFs with spiral and cervical-to-cavernous ICA dissection during ICAO surgery are dissection-related because of successful obliteration after stenting for dissection reconstruction. Self-expanding stenting through true channel of the dissection, serving as implanting stent-autograft, may be an optimal therapy for the atypical CCF complication from ICAO surgery.

简介：摘要目的探讨颈动脉海绵窦瘘（CCF）血管内治疗围手术期的临床护理要点，为血管内治疗CCF提供有效的护理支持。方法回顾分析经血管内栓塞术治疗的6例颈内动脉海绵窦瘘患者临床护理资料，总结护理经验。结果6例患者均一次性栓塞治疗成功，术后无并发症。结论对CCF术前、术后进行严密观察与精心护理，可提高疗效及减少并发症。

简介：随着经济全球化的迅速发展，国际资本市场呈现出一体化趋势，证券价格的国际联动关系日益显著。有鉴于此，本文主要着眼于中关两国股票市场之间的联动性，应用EGARCH模型与CCF检验法进行了实证分析。本文主要结论为：（1）EGARCH模型的检验结果显示，中美两国股票市场具有持续性与非对称性特征；（2）通过CCF检验法，发现了中国股票市场对美国股票市场的单方向波动溢出效应的新证据。另外，在较弱的显著水平下，本文还发现了美国股票市场开始影响中国股票市场。随着中国资本市场的逐渐开放，证券价格的国际联动性将会提高，中国股票市场全球化的表现越来越突出。

简介：无铅技术带来的改变和影响，在材料上，尤其是焊料上的变化最大。而在工艺方面，影响最大的是焊接工艺。这主要来自焊料合金的特性以及相应助焊剂的不同所造成的。