简介：飞机客舱是乘客与飞机最直接、最主要的交互界面和实现飞机运营的主要功能区域。客舱布局是商用飞机构型的重要内容,在很大程度上反映飞机的技术水平和整体形象,决定飞机执飞活动的运力,影响航空公司的运营收入。本文从适航要求、市场需求、PRMS增长、航线距离、战略定位五个方面,分析这些因素对飞机的客舱布局产生的影响,探讨了商用飞机客舱布局中客舱等级和座位数目的构型设计。同时,以空客A330-200为例,简要探析了各家运营A330-200飞机的航空公司的客舱构型。

简介：TostudytheTaiwanStrait(TS),anunusualseaarea,thenumericalmodelinmarginalseasofChinaisusedtosimulateandanalyzethetidalwavemotioninthestrait.ThenumericalmodelingexperimentsreproducetheamphidromicsystemoftheM2tideinthesouthendoftheTaiwanstrait,andconsequentlyconfirmtheexistenceofthedegenerateamphidromicsystem.Onthisbasis,furtherdiscussionisconductedontheM2systemanditsformationmechanism.ItcanbeconcludedthatthetidalwavesoftheTSisconsistedoftheprogressingwavefromthenorthentranceandthedegenerateamphidromicsystemfromthesouthentrance,inwhichtheprogressingwavefromthenorthentrancedominatesthetidalwavemotioninthestrait.Exceptfortheconvergenteffectcausedbythelandformandboundary,thedegenerateamphidromicsystemproducedinthesouthofthestraitisanotherimportantfactorforthefollowingphenomena:thelargetidalrangeinthemiddleofthestrait,theconcentrativezoneofco-amplitudeandco-phaselineinthesouthofthestrait.ThedegenerateamphidromicsystemismainlyproducedbytheincidentPacificOceantidalwavefromtheLuzonstraitandtheactionbytheshorelineandlandform.Thepositionoftheamphidromicpointiscompelledtomovetowardsouthwestuntildegeneratingbythepowerfulprogressingwavefromthenorthentrance.

简介：Asimplethree-dimensionaltidalmodelisusedtoexaminetheM2tidalcurrentdistributioninanortheasternpartoftheEastChinaSea,especiallytheverticalvariationofthecurrentintheregion.ComputedM2currentiscomparedwithobservationsavailableandfoundtobeingoodagreement.Mainfeaturesofthecalculatingmethodinthisstudyare:(1)Verticalvariationofthetidalcurrentistakenasafunetionofthedepth-meanvelocity:(2)themethodisapplicabletoavarietyoftheverticaleddyviscosities;(3)ithasafineverticalresolution,especiallyneartheseabootom.So,thismethodnotonlyenablesustogetasteadystatesolutioneasilybutalsodepictseffectsofthefrictionontheverticalvariationofthecurrentmuchbetter.

简介：根据对新型KSS31M海洋重力仪一个多月的室内静态观测记录分析,得到的结果是:该台重力仪的静掉格呈线性,掉格率约为1mGal/month,静态观测分辨率为0.01mGal.显示该型重力仪静态漂移极小,灵敏度高,抗干扰能力强.

简介：WhiletheAntarcticSlopeCurrent(ASC)hasbeenintensivelystudiedfortheEastAntarcticaslopeareaandtheWeddellSea,itsfateinthewesternAntarcticPeninsula(WAP)regionremainsmuchlessknown.DatafromtwocruisesconductedneartheSouthShetlandIslands(SSIs)andtheElephantIsland(EI),oneinaustralsummerof2004andoneinaustralwinterof2006,wereanalyzedtoprovideabroadpictureofthecirculationpatternoverthecontinentalslopeofthesurveyedarea,andaninsightintothedynamicalbalanceofthecirculation.Theresultsindicatethatsouthwestwardcurrentsarepresentovertheupperslopeinthestudyarea,indicatingtheASCintheWAPregion.NeartheShackletonGap(SG)northoftheEI,thesouthwestwardslopecurrentsneartheshelfbreakarecharacterizedbyawatermasscolderandfresherthantheambientwater,whichproducescross-slopedensitygradientsandthenverticalshearofthealong-slope(oralong-isobath)velocity.Theverticalshearisassociatedwithareversalofthealong-slopecurrentfromnortheastwardatsurfacetosouthwestwardindeeperlayers,oradepth-intensificationofthesouthwestwardslopecurrents.ThewatermasswithtemperatureandsalinitycharacteristicssimilartotheobservedcoldandfreshwaterisalsorevealedonthesouthernslopeoftheScotiaSea,suggestingthatthiscoldandfreshwaterisoriginatedfromtheScotiaSeaslopeandflowssouthwestwardthroughtheSG.OvertheshelfnorthoftheSSIs,thecoldandfreshwatermassisalsoobservedandoriginatesmainlyfromtheBransfieldStrait.Inthisarea,verticalstructureofthesouthwestwardslopecurrentsisassociatedwiththeonshoreintrusionoftheupperCircumpolarDeepWaterthatcreatescross-slopedensitygradients.

简介：ViathevaluableopportunityoftheThreeGorgesReservoir(TGR)135-mfillinginJune2003,theYangtzedischargeandsuspendedsedimentconcentration(SSC)enteringtheestuaryduringtheperiodfrom15Mayto15July2003wereanalyzedtoexaminetheinstanteffectsofthefillingonthem.TheYangtzedischargeandSSCenteringtheestuaryintheperiodsbefore,duringandafterthefillingclearlyindicatedthreephases:1)thepre-storagephasecharacterizedbynaturalconditions,inwhichtheSSCincreasedwithincreasingwaterdischarge;2)thestoragephase,duringwhichtheSSCdecreaseddramaticallywithdecreasingwaterdischarge;and3)thepost-storagephase,duringwhichboththeSSCandwaterdischargeremainedatrelativelylowlevelsfirstuntiltheendofJune,thentheSSCincreasedgraduallywithincreasingwaterdischarge.ItseemsthatthetimesfortheinstanteffectsofthedecreasingdischargedownstreamfromtheupperYangtzeontheYangtzedischargeandSSCenteringtheestuaryduetotheTGR135-mfillingtotakeplacewereabout5dand1drespectively,whilebothwereabout18dforthoseoftheincreasingdischarge.Thisprobablyreflectsthebufferingandresultantlyhysteresisofthe1800-kmstretchfromtheupperYangtzetotheestuary.TheresultsarehelpfulforscientificandhydrologicalinvestigationoftheYangtzemainstreamdownstreamfromtheTGRDamandoftheestuarineandadjacentcoastalwaters.

简介：北斗地基增强系统工程建设9月11日正式启动，该项目确定由中国兵器工业集团作为总体研制单位，将在2015年底前建成框架网和部分区域加密网基准站网络并投入运行，提供米级精度的定位服务，2018年底前建成全国范围区域加密网基准站网络，提供更高精度位置服务。

简介：随着石油工业的快速发展，近几年来溢油事故频有发生，海洋石油污染日趋严重。陆源石油污染在海洋石油污染中占很大的比重。在中国，陆源石油污染占海洋石油污染的80%以上。湿地有着生态和环境的双重价值，目前很多研究表明其具有净化石油污染的功能。滨海新区北塘河口是天津重要的渔港，也是主要的排污口。近年来，随着陆源石油污染的增加，北塘河口海水水质日趋恶化。北塘河口生长着大片的互花米草，形成了互花米草湿地，它可以有效地去除石油污染。通过对码头、入海航道和近岸海域的海水和沉积物进行调查，结果表明，北塘河口水质属于劣四类海水水质，无机氮、活性磷酸盐和石油烃是主要的污染物。芦苇、互花米草和碱蓬是北塘河口主要的植物物种，在这三种植物体内均有石油烃检出，表明了北塘河口已受到石油烃污染，并且三种植物具有吸收石油烃的能力。无论是表层海水还是沉积物，石油烃含量的空间分布规律均为码头﹥航道﹥近岸海域。互花米草的根、茎和叶可以拦截陆源石油污染。互花米草在吸收石油烃的同时，还为微生物提供了良好的生境，加速了石油烃的微生物降解，互花米草湿地可以有效地减少陆源石油污染。