简介：ThevariationsintheEarth’srotationareimportanttospacedynamictheoryandnaturaldisastersbecausetheyaffectthelength-of-day(LOD)andconsequentlyhumanlives.Weusemaximumentropymethod(MEM),Lombmethod(LOMB),andphasedispersionminimization(PDM)todeterminethenaturalperiodsofequallyspacedLODtimeseries.WetransformtheobservationalmonthlyLODtimeseries(LODM)tounequallysampledseries(LODMD)byremovingeveryfourth,third,andhalfofthetotalsamples.WealsoapplysplineinterpolationtoLODMDtoyieldequallyspacedtimeseries(LODMDN).Theresultssuggestthatregardlessofthetimeseries,theMEMfrequencyis0.1660month^-1and0.0840month^-1,whereasLOMBandPDMyield0.166month^-1and0.083month^-1,respectively.Furthermore,missingdatathatarelessthanhalfofthetotaldataorsplineinterpolationdonotaffecttheanalysis.Fortheamplitude,neithermissingdatanorsplineinterpolationaffecttheanalysis.

简介：Inthispaper,wetheoreticallyandnumericallystudyacombinedmonopole–dipolemeasurementmodetoshowitscapabilitytoovercometheissuesencounteredinconventionalsingle-wellimaging,i.e.,thelowsignal-to-noiseratioofthereflectionsandazimuthambiguity.First,theazimuthambiguity,whichexistsextensivelyinconventionalsingle-wellimaging,issolvedwithanimprovedimagingprocedureusingcombinedmonopole–dipoleloggingdatainadditiontoconventionalloggingdata.Furthermore,wedemonstratethatthedirectwavespropagatingalongtheboreholeswithstrongenergy,canbeeffectivelyeliminatedwiththeproposedcombinedmonopole–dipolemeasurementmode.Thereflectionsarethereforepredominantinthecombinedmonopole–dipoledataevenbeforethesignalsarefiltered;thus,thereflections’arrivaltimesineachreceiverareidentified,whichmayhelpminimizethedifficultiesinfilteringconventionalloggingdata.Theoptimizedprocessingflowofthecombinedmeasurementmodeloggingimageisgiveninthispaper.Theproposedcombinedmonopole–dipolemeasurementmodemayimprovetheaccuracyofsingle-wellimaging.