简介：Angiogenesis在出生后的生命期间在胚胎的脉管的树的发展以及处于几个正常、病理学的条件起一个基本作用。Bloodsupply，由neovascularization建立了，在愈合弯屈期间为histogenesis是必要的以及变长的手足在骨胳的损伤sequalae的治疗广泛地适用。Butlittle注意对这个区域被给予了。这评论试图在机械应力下面总结angiogenesis规定，在愈合的创伤中的angiogenesis的过程和angiogenesis，特别地与紧张压力原则联合。

简介：Plantcelllinesdifferredgreatlyintheabilitytowithstandshearstresses.Usingto-baccocellsandlicoricecellsasmodelplantcells,westudiedtheeffectsofshearstressesonthevi-abilityofplantcells.OurexperimentswerecarriedoutonahighshearrateCouetterheometerprovidinghomogeneousandconstantshearstressesoflaminarflow.TheviabilitywasdeterminedbyTTC（2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazoliumchloride）.Theresultswereasfollows.（1）Theviability（V）droppedexponentiallywithtime（t）,namelyV=Exp（-kt）,（k>oisaconstant）.Thismeantthetenabilityofstatisticalhomogeneity.（2）Thevalueofkwasafunctionofplantcells’mechanicalpropertiesandtheshearstressactingontheplantcells.Theshearratecorrespondingtok=owasthecriticalshearratethattheplantcellscouldwithstand.Itcanbeeasilydetermindedbyextrapo-lation.For7-day-oldtobaccocells,itwas1090s-1andfor9-day-oldlicoricecells,itwas6566s-1.（3）Theplantcellsuspensionswerepseudoplasticfluidsfittingτ=Kγn.Forthetobaccocellsus-pensiontested,n=O.73,andforthelicoricecellsuspensiontestedn=0.7.Thusthecriticalshearstressforthetobaccocellswas25dynes/cm2andforthelicoricecellsitwas80dynes/cm2.（4）Oneoftheirreasonsforlicoricecellstohavegreatertolerancetoshearstressesthantobacaccocellsmaybethegeometricfeaturesofthecellsandthesizesofthecells.Thelicoricecellswererod-shaped,butthetobaccocellsweresphericalandlargerthanthelicoricecells.

简介：Objective:ToinvestigatethedynamicsofplasmacAMP/Cgmpinpatientsduringcardiacsurgery,anditsrelationshiptotraumaticstress.Methods:Sixteenpatients,aged19.31years±10.4years,whounderwentanopenheartoperationwithcardiopulmonarybypass(CPB)andhypothermiawereservedassubjects.Thearterialplasmaconcentrationsofcyclicadenosinemonophosphate(Camp)andcyclicguanosinemonophosphate(Cgmp)weremeasuredbyradioimmunoassay2hoursbeforeoperation,afterheparinization,20minutesfollowingCPB,attheendoftheoperation,and24and72hourspostoperatively,respectively.Thepatients'preoperativebloodsampleswereheparinizedandthevenousbloodsamplesof30healthyblooddonorsweretakentomeasurethelevelsofCampandcGMPasheparinandnormalcontrolsseparately.Results:Therewerenostatisticaldifferenceamongtheheparincontrol,preoperativelevelandnormalcontrol.ThepeakvaluesofCampandCgmpoccurredduringCPBandplasmaCamplevelschangedsynchronouslywithintensitiesofoperativestimulustohumanbody.HowevercGMPlevelwasmainlyrelatedtotheoperativestimulustotheheartandCPB.TheCampvaluewaspositivelycorrelatedwiththeCgmpvalue(r=0.6313,P＜0.001).Conclusions:Dynamicvariationofplasmacyclicribonucleotidecanbeconsideredasareferenceparameterforintensityoftraumaticstress.

简介：contourstressofspine,parallelogram,cervicalflexure,lumbarflexure,boundaryregioninspinalmechanics,neutralzone,thefirstclasslever

简介：Objective:Toobservetheeffectsofthermalstressonproliferationofhumanvascularendothelialcells(VECs)andexploreitssignificance.Methods:ChangesofVECsproliferationwereinvestigatedwith3H-TdRincorporationmethodafterECV304wastreatedat43℃for2hours,whileexpressionsofintercellularadhesionmolecule-1(ICAM-1),inhibitorofdifferentiation-1(ID1),andP16andP21proteinsweredeterminedbyWesternBlotting.Results:TheeffectofinhibitionofVECsgrowthafterthermalstresswasdetectedby3H-TdRincorporationexperiment.WesternblottingshowedICAM-1,amarkerofactivatedendothelialcells,wasincreasedmarkedlyafterthermalstress.ExpressionofID1proteindeclinedgraduallywithincreasingexpressionsofitsdownstreamgenes,P16andP21followingthethermalstress.Conclusions:ThermalstresscouldstronglyactivateVECsandinhibitproliferationofVECsthroughID1,thusdownregulatingcyclin-dependentkinaseinhibitors,P16andP21,whichmightbeanessentialpathwayforrecoveryofVECsafterthermalstress.

简介：BACKGROUND:Ithasbeensuggestedthatmelatonin(MT)canprotectsecondaryneuronalinjury.However,theprotectiveeffectofMTonneuronalinjuryinischemia/reperfusionmodelsinvitrostillhasnotbeenproved.OBJECTIVE:ToinvestigatetheprotectiveeffectofMToncentralischemicinjuryofnervecellsandanalyzeitspossiblemechanism.DESIGN:Contrastobservationalstudy.SETTING:DepartmentofBiochemistryandMolecularBiology,TongjiMedicalCollege,HuazhongUniversityofScienceandTechnology.MATERIALS:Ratsaged7-8daysandweighing10-12gwereprovidedbyMedicalExperimentalAnimalCenter,TongjiMedicalCollege,HuazhongUniversityofScienceandTechnology,MTwasprovidedbySigmaCompany,USA.METHODS:TheexperimentwascarriedoutintheLaboratoryofBiochemistryandMolecularBiology,TongjiHospital,HuazhongUniversityofScienceandTechnologyfromOctober2002toMarch2004.TheeffectsofMTontheneurodegenerationinducedbyoxygen-glucose-deprivation(OGD)weretestedinculturedratcerebellargranulecells.NeurondamagewasquantitativelyassessedbyTypanBlueexclusionandMTTassayatdifferenttimepointsafteroxygen-glucose-deprivation(90minutes).DNAgelelectrophoresisandacridineorangestainwereperformedtodeterminethenatureofcelldamage.Andfluorescencespectrophotometerwasusedforquantificationofintracellularmalondialdehyde(MDA)atvarioustimeintervals.MAINOUTCOMEMEASURES:Correlationbetweendegreesofneuronalinjuryandreperfusiontimes,apoptosis,andproductionofMDAincells.RESULTS:①Theneuroninjurywasaggravatedwithreperfusiontime.②TheprotectiveeffectofMTwastime-anddose-dependentwhenitsconcentrationwasnothigherthan10μmol/L.⑧WhenneuronswereexposedtoOGDfor90minutes.partofthecellsexhibitedtypicalfeaturesofapoptosis:internucleosomalDNAcondensationandDNAladderonagarosegelelectrophoresis.MTaddedtocellsrecoveringfromOGDexertedneuroprotectiveactionagainstOGD-inducedapoptosis.④InOGDexposedculture

简介：Objective:Toprovideanewmethodtoestimatetheeffectivenessofthoracolumbarvertebralfiniteelementmodel.Methods:amechanicalmodelofhumanthoracolumbarvertebraemotionsegmentwasmadeusingthree-dimensionalfiniteelementmethodandthestressdistributionofverticallycompressedthoracolumbarvertebraewasanalyzed,meanwhile,20patientswithburstfractureofthoracolumbarvertebraeweretestedbyCTtocalculatedaverageCTvalueatascertaineddifferentpointsofthoracolumbarvertebrae.Thecalculatedresultsandeffectivestressatthesamepositionwereanalyzedwithstraightlinecorrelation.Results:ThestresslevelofdifferentpositionofthoracolumbarvertebraeunderverticalcompressiveforcewaspositivelycorrelatedwiththecorrelativeCTvalue,andtheregressivestyle,Y-214.028±45.268x,r=0.7386,P<0.05(N=8)showedastatisticalsignificance.Conclusions:Tostudymechanismofthoracolumbarvertebraeinjuriesunderdifferentforceshasclinicalsignificance.

简介：Objective:Tostudythechangeofthestressshieldingrateofstress-relaxationplateinvivoanditsinfluenceonfracturehealing.Methods:Thediaphysesofbilateraltibiasin70NewZealandrabbitswereosteotomizedandfixedwithstressrelaxationplates(SRP,theSRPgroup)andrigidplates(RP,theRPgroup),respectively.Thefracturehealingprocessinthese2groupswasinvestigatedbyradiography,lightandpolarizedlightmicroscopyandbiomechanicaltestat2to48weekspostoperatively.Results:Earlyafterfixationthestressshieldingratewasabout70%inbothgroups.WhileintheSRPgroupthestressshieldingratedecreasedgraduallyastimepassed,whyichwassignificantlylowerthanthatoftheRPgroup(P<0.05)bytheendofthe8thpostoperativeweek,andstabilizedatthelevelofabout27%at36-48weeksafterfixation.AbundantexternalcallusassociatedwiththeformationofcartilaginouscalluscouldbeobservedintheSRPgroupat2-4weekspostoperatively.Thetransformationofthecallusintothelamellarbonebeganat8-12weeks,thecollagengraduallyarrangedinorder,andthemechanicalnatureoftheunitedbonewasgraduallystrengthened,too.IntheRPgroup,theexternalcalluswasscarceattheearlystageoffracturehealing,andthecallusremodelingatthelatestageoffracturehealingwasdominatedbyboneabsorption.Theultimatebendingstrength(UBS)wasonly57.95%ofthatofthenormalby48weeks.Conclusions:ThedecreaseofthestressshieldingrateofSRPinvivowaswellinterrelatedwiththetimeoffixation.TheapplicationofSRPcouldpromotethecallusformationandbonereconstructionthustofavortherecoveryofthemechanicalstrengthoftheunitedbone.

简介：ToinvestigatethechangesofimmunefunctionsandtheeffectsofAstragaiuspolysaccharide(ASP)onthecell-mediatedimmunityofthetraumaticstressmodelofmousebyamputation,50micewererandomlydividedinto5groupsforstudy,inwhichthegroupAandBservedasthenormalcontrol(byinjectonof0.5mlofsalineintra-peritoneallydaily),andasthestresscontrol(byintra-peritonealinjectonof0.5mlofnormalsalineintomiceafteramputation)respectively,tothegroupC,DandEofmice,1000mg/kg(highdose),300mg/kg(mediandose)and250mg/kg(lowdose).TheCD4^+andCD8^+Tcellsaswellastheexpressionofthec-fosproteinweredeterminedbyimmunohistochemicaltechniques,andtheexpressionsofNF-κBmRNAandIL-10mRNAwereassayedbyhybridizationinsitu.Theexperimentalresultsshowedthatincomparisonwiththenormalcontrolgroupofmice(groupA),theexpressionlevelsofNF-κBmRNA,IL-10mRNAandthec-fosproteininthetissuesofthymusandspleeninthestresscontrolsweresignificantlyelevatedandtheCD4^+TcellsandCD4/CD8ratioweredecreased.However,incomparisonwiththestresscontrolofmice(groupB),theexpressionsofNF-κBmRNAandIL-10mRNAwereinhibitedbyASP,andtheCD4^+TcellsandCD4/CD8ratiowereincreasedingroupsC,DandE,butthelevelofc-fosproteinwasdecreased.TherewasnosignificantdifferenceintheseparametersamonggroupC,DandE.Itiscon-cludedthatthefunctionsofcell-mediatedimmunityofmiceweredisturbedunderthestressconditionofthetraumaticinjuriesafteramputation.AndtheimmunefunctionscanbeeffectivelyrestoredbytheuseofAstraga/uspolysaccharide.

简介：Objective:Tostudytheinfluenceofstress-relaxationplateondisorganizationandrepairofthecortexbeneaththeplate.Methods:Awashermadeofviscoelasticpolyethylenewasplacedbetweenthescrewandthescrewholeofconventionalstainlessrigidplate(RP)toproduceastressrelaxationplate(SRP).BothSRPandRPwereappliedtoosteotomizedtibiain48NewZealandrabbits.HealingprocessofthefracturewitheitherSRPorRPfixation(control)wascomparativelystudiedwithpolarizedlightmicroscopy,insituhybridizationofcollagenmRNAandimmunohistochemicaltechniquefrom2to36weekspostoperatively.Results:ThestudyofplatedboneremodelingshowedthatthedegreeofcortexosteoporosisbeneaththeplatewassimilarbetweentheSRPandRPgroupwithin12weekspostoperatively.Incomparison,thedisorganizationofbonestructureinSRPgrouphappenedlaterandmilderthanthatofRPgroup,andtherepairprocessbeganat12weeksafterimplantation.Asaconsequence,theabsorptioncavitiesbecamesmallerandthestructureofcollagenfibersbecamewellorientedalongwiththesechangesbypolarizedlightmicroscopy.Inadditiontothese,theinsituhybridizationanalysisofcollagengenesandtheimmunohistochemicalstudyoftypeI,Ⅲcollagenat8to12weeksafterimplantation.fromthistimeon,thechangesabovebecamemoreevidentsignificantlybeforemostofcavitieswererepairedby36weeks.IncontrasttothechangesintheSRPgroup,noexpressionandsynthesisofanykindofcollagencouldbeobservedduring12to36weeksafterimplantationinRPgroup.Conclusions:Withoutremovaloftheboneplate,theSRPfixationnotonlyreducesthedegreeofplatedboneosteoporosis,butalsomakesthedisorganizedbonestructurerestoredtonormalintermsoftheexpressionandsynthesisoftypeIcollagenmRNAofosteoblastslyingonthesurfaceofabsorptioncavities.

简介：Objective:Toobservepsychologicalchangesofthearmedpolicemenunderstressstateandtheeffectofacupunctureinterventionforexploringpossiblemeasuresinraisingthearmedpolicemen'scapabilityindealingwiththesuddenly-occurredaccidents.Methods:Inthefirstpartofthestudyforobservingpsychologicalchanges,atotalof90volunteerarmedpolicemenparticipatinginanti-terrorismmaneuverwererandomlyandevenlydividedintoanti-chemicalweapongroup,flightreconnaissancegroupandhostage-rescuinggroup.30logisticpersonalswereselectedtoformcontrolgroup.SymptomChecklist-90(SCL-90)questionnairewasusedtoassessthepsychologicalstateoftheseanti-terrorismpolicemen.Inthesecondpartofthestudyforobservingtheeffectofacupuncture,60policemenwithanxietyanddepressionwhoweredeterminedbySelf-RatingDepressionScale(SDS)andSelf-RatingAnxietyScale(SAS)wererandomlyandevenlydividedintonon-acupunctureandacupuncturegroups,andother30policemenwithnormalpsychologicalstatewereselectedtoformcontrolgroup.Twoweeksbeforeanti-terrorismmaneuver,participantsofacupuncturegroupwereaskedtoreceivecontinuousacupuncturetreatmentofbilateralNeiguan(内关PC6)andZusanli(足三里ST36),oncedaily,15mineverytime.Results:Comparisonamongthefirst4groupsdisplayedthatthetotalscores,scoresofbodyfeelingreactions,interpersonalrelation,depression,anxiety,terror,andpsychologicalproblemsofflightreconnaissanceandhostage-rescuinggroupsweresignificantlyhigherthanthoseofcontrolgroup(P<0.05～0.01),suggestingthatthepsychologicalstresspressurewasstrongestinflightreconnaissancepolicemenandsecondaryinhostage-rescuingpolicemen,followedbyanti-chemicalweaponpolicemen.Followingadministrationofacupunctureintervention,scoresofbothSDSandSASinacupuncturegroupwereconsiderablylowerthanthoseofnon-acupuncturegroup(P<0.01),showingthatacupunctureinterventioncouldreducepsyc

简介：ObjectiveTodeterminewhethersuccessfulvalvuloplastycausesanincreaseofmitralvalveareareserveinpatientswithmitralstenosis,isoproterenolstressechocardiographywasusedtocomparemitralvalveareaandhemodynamicchangesbetweenpre-andpost-valvuloplastyunderconditionsofincreasedcardiacwork.MethodsThirty-eightpatientswithpurerheumaticmitralstenosiswhohadreceivedsuccessfulpercutaneousballoonvalvuloplastyunderwentisoproterenolstressechocardiographypre-andpost-valvuloplasty.Mitralvalvearea(bydirectplanimetryoftwo-dimensionalechocardiography),meantransmitralpressuregradient(bycontinuous-waveDopplerechocardiography),andcardiacoutput(byM-modeechocardiography)weremeasuredatrestandunderisoproterenolstresstoachieveheartrateofdifferentstages.ResultsMitralvalvearea(0.91±0.28to1.87±0.23cm2,P<0.01),meantransmitralpressuregradient(12.5±6.3to3.9±1.9mmHg,P<0.01)andcardiacoutput(3.93±1.44to4

简介：

简介：瞄准：在老鼠睾丸在香烟烟暴露以后显示出氧化压力并且评估咖啡酸phenethyl酉旨(披肩)的效果。方法：21只老鼠被划分成三组七。在组的动物我被用作控制。在组II的老鼠仅仅暴露于香烟烟(4x30min/d)并且在组III的老鼠暴露于香烟烟并且收到了披肩(10micromol/kgxd)的每日的腹膜内注射。在60天以后，所有老鼠被打死并且氮的氧化物的层次(没有)并且象superoxide-dismutase，过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和malondialdehyde的水平(GSH-Px)那样的抗氧化剂酶与spectrophotometric在老鼠的阴囊的纸巾被学习。结果：当时，在组II过氧化氢酶和superoxide-dismutase活动有重要增加在组III在披肩管理以后与两个的控制，而是层次相比减少了。GSH-Px活动在组II被减少，但是披肩在组III在GSH-Px活动引起了举起。在组的GSH-Px的层次之间的差别我和组II是重要的，但是组II和III之间的差别不是重要的。在烟暴露以后的malondialdehyde的举起是重要的，披肩引起了减少到不对控制组统计上不同的水平。显著地增加的水平被在没有层次之间的披肩管理和差别不在我和III是的组在到烟的暴露以后颠倒统计上不足道。结论：到在在老鼠睾丸的氧化的酶层次的香烟烟原因变化的暴露，而是披肩罐头颠倒这些有害效果。

简介：Interleukin-6(IL-6)-deficientmicearepronetoethanol-inducedapoptosisandsteatosisintheliver;however,theunderlyingmechanismisnotfullyunderstood.Mitochondrialdysfunctioncausedbyoxidativestressisanearlyeventthatplaysanimportantroleinthepathogenesisofalcoholicliverdisease.Therefore,wehypothesizethattheprotectiveroleofIL-6inethanol-inducedliverinjuryismediatedviasuppressionofethanol-inducedoxidativestressandmitochondrialdysfunction.Totestthishypothesis,weexaminedtheeffectsofIL-6onethanol-inducedoxidativestress,mitochondrialinjury,andenergydepletionintheliversofIL-6(-/-)miceandhepatocytesfromethanol-fedrats.Ethanolconsumptionleadstostrongerinductionofmalondialdehyde(MDA)inIL-6(-/-)micecomparedtowild-typecontrolmice,whichcanbecorrectedbyadministrationofIL-6.Invitro,IL-6treatmentpreventsethanol-mediatedinductionofreactiveoxygenspecies(ROS),MDA,mitochondrialpermeabilitytransition(MPT),andethanol-mediateddepletionofadenosinetriphosphate(ATP)inhepatocytesfromethanol-fedrats.AdministrationofIL-6invivoalsoreversesethanol-inducedMDAandATPdepletioninhepatocytes.Finally,IL-6treatmentinducesmetallothioneinproteinexpression,butnotsuperoxidedismutaseandglutathioneperoxidaseinculturedhepatocytes.Inconclusion,IL-6protectsagainstethanol-inducedoxidativestressandmitochondrialdysfunctioninhepatocytesviainductionofmetallothioneinproteinexpression,whichmayaccountfortheprotectiveroleofIL-6inalcoholicliverdisease.