简介：Objective:Establishnormativedatafortympanicelectrocochleography(TMECochG)parametersinnormalhearingadultswithoutMeniere'sdisease's(MD)symptoms.DescribeTMECochGvariablesthathelptodistinguishnormalfromMDears.Materialandmethods:Weenrolled100subjects(N?200ears),59females,agedbetween19and71yearsfrom09/2010to04/2014.Inclusioncriteria:normalotomicroscopy,hearingthresholds25dBnHLfrom250to4000Hz,normaltympanogram,nosymptomsofMDaccordingtotheAAO-HNS1995criteriaandGibson'sscore<7.Weexcludedsubjectswithdizziness,auralfullnessorothersymptomsofendolymphatichydrops.Thefollowingparameterswereanalyzed:SP/APamplituderatio,SP/AParearatioandthedifferencebetweenAPlatencywithrarefactionandcondensationstimuli.Results:Therewasnosignificantdifferencebetweenrightandleftears(Intraclasscorrelationcoefficient<0.6).SP/APamplituderatiovariedbetween0.084and0.356andSP/AParearatiobetween0.837and1.671(percentiles5and95).TheAPlatencydifferencetorarefactionandcondensationclickswasbetween0.0and0.333ms.Conclusion:NormativedataforTMECochGparameterswereestablishedin100normalhearingsubjectswithoutMD.Thesedatacanbeusedtodistinguishnormalfrompathologicalfindingsandinfollow-upofMDpatients.

简介：ASchwanncellhasregenerativecapabilitiesandisanimportantcellintheperipheralnervoussystem.ThismicroarraystudyispartofabioinformaticsstudythatfocusesmainlyonSchwanncells.Microarraydataprovideinformationondifferencesbetweenmicroarray-basedandexperiment-basedgeneexpressionanalyses.Accordingtomicroarraydata,severalgenesexhibitincreasedexpression(foldchange)buttheyareweaklyexpressedinexperimentalstudies(basedonmorphology,proteinandmRNAlevels).Incontrast,somegenesareweaklyexpressedinmicroarraydataandhighlyexpressedinexperimentalstudies;suchgenesmayrepresentfuturetargetgenesinSchwanncellstudies.Thesestudiesallowustolearnaboutadditionalgenesthatcouldbeusedtoachievetargetedresultsfromexperimentalstudies.Inthecurrentbigdatastudybyretrievingmorethan5000scientificarticlesfromPubMedorNCBI,GoogleScholar,andGoogle,1016(up-anddownregulated)genesweredeterminedtoberelatedtoSchwanncells.However,noexperimentwasperformedinthelaboratory;rather,thepresentstudyispartofabigdataanalysis.OurstudywillcontributetoourunderstandingofSchwanncellbiologybyaidingintheidentificationofgenes.Basedonacomparativeanalysisofallmicroarraydata,weconcludethatthemicroarraycouldbeagoodtoolforpredictingtheexpressionandintensityofdifferentgenesofinterestinactualexperiments.

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简介：AbstractPurpose:Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the major public health concerns worldwide. Developing a TBI registry could facilitate characterizing TBI, monitoring the quality of care, and quantifying the burden of TBI by collecting comparable and standardized epidemiological and clinical data. However, a national standard tool for data collection of the TBI registry has not been developed in Iran yet. This study aimed to develop a national minimum data set (MDS) for a hospital-based registry of patients suffering from TBI in Iran.Methods:The MDS was designed in 2 phases, including a literature review and a Delphi study with content validation by an expert panel. After the literature review, a comprehensive list of administrative and clinical items was obtained. Through a two-round e-Delphi approach conducted by invited experts with clinical and research experience in the field of TBI, the final data elements were selected.Results:A MDS of TBI was assigned to 2 parts: administrative part with 5 categories including 52 data elements, and clinical part with 9 categories including 130 data elements.Conclusion:For the first time in Iran, we developed a MDS specified for TBI consisting of 182 data elements. The MDS would facilitate implementing a TBI's national level registry and providing essential, comparable and standardized information.

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简介：Objective:Electrocochleography(ECochG)isvaluabletodiagnoseMeniere'sdiseaseobjectively.TheaimofthepresentstudywastoprovidepreliminarynormativedataforECochGamongAsianadults.Theinfluencesofethnicity(MalayversusChinese)andgenderonECochGresultswerealsostudied.Methods:Twenty-twoMalayadults(10menand12women)andtwentyChineseparticipants(10menand10women)agedbetween20and49yearsparticipatedinthisstudy.ExtratympanicECochG(ET-ECochG)wasrecordedaccordingtostandardnon-invasiveprocedure.Summatingpotential(SP)amplitude,actionpotential(AP)amplitudeandSP/APratiowereanalyzedaccordingly.Results:ET-ECochGresultswerefoundtobecomparablebetweenleftandrightears(p>0.05).NonotabledifferencesinET-ECochGresultswerefoundbetweenMalayandChinesegroups(p>0.05).NosignificantinfluenceofgenderonET-ECochGoutcomeswasalsonoted(p>0.05).ThederivednormativedataforAsianadults(84ears)areconsistentwithpreviousreports.Conclusion:ThepresentstudyprovidespreliminarynormativedataforET-ECochGamongAsianadults.TheECochGcomponentsdonotappeartobeinfluencedbyeitherethnicityorgender.ThederivednormativedatacanbeusedforclinicalapplicationsandasthereferenceforfuturestudiesinvolvingAsianpopulation.

简介：Withaself-madenear-infraredanalyticalinstrumenttobloodandoxygenparametersinhumanbrain,80casesinwhich20arehealthypersonsand30areanaesthetisedcasesandothersarepatientswithheartfunctionlackistakentoexamine,andthedataofbloodandoxygeninbraintissuewerecollectedandanalyzedbythemethodofpowerspectrumandcorrelationfunction.Theresultsindicatethat:(1)Theaveragebrainoxygensaturationofhealthypersonsandanaesthetisedcasesisabout80%,inaccordwithnormalparameterofphysiology.Contrastively,theaveragebrainoxygensaturationofpatientswithheartfunctionlackis72.8%,whichisobviouslylessthanthatofhealthypersonsandanaesthetisedcases.Theprobabilityofmedicalstatisticsislessthan0.01.(2)Theshapesofwaveofbrainbloodandoxygenforthehealthypersonandtheanaesthetisedcaserevealsmallperiodicalfluctuationswithstableshapeandbaseline,andthetrendofincreaseordecreaseofbloodandoxygenparametersinbraintissueissynchronousandaphasereversal,butforthepatientwithheartfunctionlackinabrainoxygenlackstate,theshapesofwaveareirregular.Thisisahintthatnearinfraredlightpassingthroughtissuecanreflecttheintuitionisticchangeofbrainbloodandoxygenparameters.(3)Thepowerspectraofbrainbloodandoxygenforthehealthypersonandtheanaesthetisedcasehasaclearmainpeak,narrowbandwidthandperfectsuperpositioneachother,butthepowerspectraforthepatientwithheartfunctionlackinabrainoxygenlackstateisonthecontrary.(4)Theaveragecrosscorrelationcoefficientofbrainbloodandoxygenforhealthypersonsandanaesthetisedcasesis-0.9825±0.1027closeto-1.Buttheaveragecrosscorrelationcoefficientforpatientswithheartfunctionlackinabrainoxygenlackstateismerely-0.8923±0.1035whichisobviouslygreaterthan-1andtheprobabilityofmedicalstatisticsislessthan0.01.Theclinicexperimentshaveprovedthattheshapes

简介：Thecompressedsensing(CS)ofaccelerationdatahasbeendrawingincreasingattentioningaittelemonitoringapplication.Insuchapplication,therestillexistsomechallengingissuesincludinghighenergyconsumptionofbody-worndeviceforaccelerationdataacquisitionandthepoorreconstructionperformanceduetononsparsityofaccelerationdata.Thus,thenovelschemeofcompressivesensingofaccelerationdataisneededurgentlyforsolutionsthatarefoundtotheseissues.

简介：TanshinoneIIAisapharmacologicallyactivecompoundisolatedfromDanshen(Salviamiltiorrhiza),atraditionalChineseherbalmedicineforthemanagementofcardiacdiseasesandotherdisorders.Butitsunderlyingmolecularmechanismsofactionarestillunclear.ThepresentinvestigationutilizedadataminingapproachbasedonnetworkpharmacologytouncoverthepotentialproteintargetsofTanshinoneIIA.Networkpharmacology,anintegratedmultidisciplinarystudy,incorporatessystemsbiology,networkanalysis,connectivity,redundancy,andpleiotropy,providingpowerfulnewtoolsandinsightsintoelucidatingthefinedetailsofdrug-targetinteractions.Inthepresentstudy,twoseparatedrug-targetnetworksforTanshinoneIIAwereconstructedusingtheAgilentLiteratureSearch(ALS)andSTITCH(searchtoolforinteractionsofchemicals)methods.AnalysisoftheALS-constructednetworkrevealedatargetnetworkwithascale-freetopologyandfivetopnodes(proteintargets)correspondingtoFos,Jun,Src,phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate3-kinase,catalyticsubunitalpha(PIK3CA),andmitogen-activatedproteinkinasekinase1(MAP2K1),whereasanalysisoftheSTITCH-constructednetworkrevealedthreetopnodescorrespondingtocytochromeP4503A4(CYP3A4),cytochromeP450A1(CYP1A1),andnuclearfactorkappaB1(NFκB1).Thediscrepancieswereprobablyduetothedifferencesinthedivergentcomputerminingtoolsanddatabasesemployedbythetwomethods.However,itisconceivablethatalleightproteinsmediateimportantbiologicalfunctionsofTanshinoneIIA,contributingtoitsoveralldrug-targetnetwork.Inconclusion,thecurrentresultsmayassistindevelopingacomprehensiveunderstandingofthemolecularmechanismsandsignalingpathwaysofinasimple,compact,andvisualmanner.

简介：AbstractPurpose:Various organizations and institutions are involved in road traffic injury (RTI) and crash registration such as police, forensic medicine organization, hospitals and emergency medical services. But there is a substantial uncertainty in interpreting the data, duplicated data collection and missing data in relation to RTI in most systems. This study aims to identify data sources for RTI surveillance in Iran and to explore traffic safety data source domains, data elements and detailed information by each data source.Methods:This is a qualitative study which was conducted in 2017 in Iran. Data were collected employing semi-structured interviews with informants in road safety organizations in relation to traffic safety including Police, Ministry of Health and Medical Education as well as Forensic Medicine Organization and other authorities-in-charge. For completing the preliminary extraction information, the minimum data set was used and compared in each system.Results:Eight different organizations relevant to road traffic safety were identified. The main domain of data provided by each one consists of Emergency Medical System form, Police KAM114 form, Ministry of Transport and Road Administration, Red Crescent Organization/Disaster Management Information System, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Forensic Medicine Organization, Insurance Company and Ministry of Justice. Each system has its own database, based upon its scope and mainly at crash and post-crash status and little on pre-crash circumstance.Conclusion:All current registry systems are not surveillance systems for RTI prevention. Huge data have been collected in various registry systems in Iran, but most of the collected variables are duplicated in each system. On the other hand, some variables like alcohol and substance abuse, child seat belt, helmet use in relation to RTI prevention are missed in all systems. Accordingly, it is a critical need to integrate and establish a comprehensive surveillance system, with focus on the goal of each system and collection of minimum data in each organization, which currently is underway.

简介：Nowadays,numerouscommercialelectrocardiographs(ECG)have500Hzoutputsamplingrate,i.e.,2mscorrespondingsamplinginterval.Medicalworkerswhohavenobackgroundofsignalprocessingmayworryaboutwhethersuchlow500Hzoutputsamplingratedatacouldsupporthigh-precisionestimationofelectrocardiogramparametersbybeingup-sampled.Withintentiontoclarifytheproblemtothemedicalworkers,thispapertakessomesimulatingexperimenttoillustrateit.TheexperimentchosetheRRintervalandRpeakamplitudeasrepresentativeparameterstobeestimated.Theobtainedresultswereasfollows:forRRintervalparameter,itsestimationerrorcanbeloweredtobelow0.3msbyup-sampling;forRpeakamplitude,itsestimationerrorcanbereducedtobelow2.0μVbyup-sampling.ItisbelievedthatotherECGparameterestimationcanalsobeimprovedsimilarlybyup-sampling500Hzdata.

简介：Anon-equilibriumchromatographicratemodelwasemployedtosimulatetheaffinitychromatographyofurokinase.Thechromatographyprocesswasdevelopedtoayieldofhighpurityproductofurokinasefromcrudematerials.Theaffinitygelusedintheprocesswaspreparedbyanepichlorohydrin-activationmethodusingepichlorohydrinactivatedSepharose4Basamatrixandp-aminobenzamidineasaligand.ThechromatographicprocesswerenumericallysimulatedandanalyzedwiththeaidofVERSE-LCcomputersimulator.Consideringthebasicprinciples,ratemodelwiththebackmixingincolumninletwasutilizedinsimulatingandstudyingtheeffectofthecolumninletpatternonotherparameters.Comparisonofthesimulationresultswiththeexperimentaldatashowedthattheratemodelcanbeusedtodescribetheaffinitychromatographyofurokinaseinafixedbedcolumnwithsatisfactoryaccuracy.

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简介：AbstractObjective:Medical data mining and sharing is an important process in E-Health applications. However, because these data consist of a large amount of personal private information of patients, there is the risk of privacy disclosure when sharing and mining. Therefore, ensuring the security of medical big data in the process of publishing, sharing, and mining has become the focus of current research. The objective of our study is to design a framework based on a differential privacy protection mechanism to ensure the secure sharing of medical data. We developed a privacy protection query language (PQL) that integrates multiple data mining methods and provides a secure sharing function.Methods:This study is mainly performed in Xuzhou Medical University, China and designs three sub-modules: a parsing module, mining module, and noising module. Each module encapsulates different computing methods, such as a composite parser and a noise theory. In the PQL framework, we apply the differential privacy theory to the results of the computing between modules to guarantee the security of various mining algorithms. These computing devices operate independently, but the mining results depend on their cooperation. In addition, PQL is encapsulated in MNSSp3 that is a data mining and security sharing platform and the data comes from public data sets, such as UCBI. The public data set (NCBI database) was used as the experimental data, and the data collection time was January 2020.Results:We designed and developed a query language that provides functions for medical data mining, sharing, and privacy preservation. We theoretically proved the performance of the PQL framework. The experimental results show that the PQL framework can ensure the security of each mining result and the availability of the output results is above 97%.Conclusion:Our framework enables medical data providers to securely share health data or treatment data and develops a usable query language, based on a differential privacy mechanism, that enables researchers to mine information securely using data mining algorithms.

简介：AIMTo分析在眼睛的biomechanical和眼睛的生物测定的数据之间的关联，在健康subjects.METHODSThree上由基于Scheimpflug的设备测量了连续大小用角膜的可视化Scheimpflug技术(CorVis圣)被执行健康眼睛上的设备和10个设备特定的参数被记录。Pentacam导出HR的参数(前面、以后的表面上的角膜的弯曲半径；顶端的pachymetry；角膜的体积；角膜的错误数据；前面的房间的深度，体积和角度)并且从IOLMaster的轴的长度(AL)与10特定的CorVis圣parameters.RESULTSMeasurements被相关在43个志愿者的43只眼睛被进行(年龄61.24楴湯污?H

简介：AbstractBackground:China still suffers heavily from rabies, although reported human cases continue to decrease year over year. There are far fewer laboratory-confirmed human cases than clinically diagnosed cases, which is a big problem that needs to be addressed. In this report, we summarize analyses of all specimens from human cases tested in our laboratory over the past 15 years, in order to promote laboratory diagnosis of rabies.Methods:From 2005 to 2019, a total of 271 samples from 164 suspected rabies cases were collected from local hospitals by the local Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDCs) in China. Saliva, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), serum (blood) and urine were collected for ante-mortem diagnosis, and brain tissue, neck skin tissue and cornea were collected for post-mortem diagnosis. All of the specimens were tested by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and brain tissues were also tested using fluorescent antibody test (FAT). The number of positive test results obtained using different fluids or tissues, and at different stages of the disease, were compared using a chi-square test and a more effective sampling program is recommended.Results:As the national reference laboratory for rabies surveillance in China, our laboratory has tested 271 samples from 164 suspected rabies cases collected by local CDCs since 2005. We found that saliva gave the highest number of positive test results (32%), compared with CSF and other fluids. We also found that serum or blood specimens collected in the last 3 days of life can test positive by RT-PCR.Conclusions:Serum or blood samples collected in the last 3 days of a patient’s life can be used to measure viral RNA, which means that serum samples, as well as saliva and CSF, can be used to detect viral RNA for anti-mortem diagnosis of rabies. Because of our findings, we have modified our "National Surveillance Project for Human Rabies", by adding the collection and testing of serum samples from the end of the survival period. This will improve our national surveillance and laboratory diagnosis of human rabies.

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