简介：

简介：BACKGROUND:Previousstudieshaveshownthatp75neurotrophinreceptorplaysanimportantroleinperipheralnerveinjury.However,theroleofp75neurotrophinreceptorintheregenerationofperipheralnervesremainspoorlyunderstood.OBJECTIVE:Tostudytheeffectofp75neurotrophinreceptoronfacialnerveregeneration.DESIGN,TIMEANDSETTING:ArandomizedcontrolledexperimentwasperformedintheRegenerationLaboratoryofFlindersUniversity,AustraliaandtheBiomedicalLaboratoryofDentistrySchool,ShandongUniversityfromMarch2005toFebruary2006.MATERIALS:CholeratoxinBsubunit,fastblue,andbiotinrabbit-antigoatIgGwereprovidedbySigma,USA;goat-anticholeratoxinBsubunitantibodywasprovidedbyListBiologicals,USA.METHODS:Inp75neurotrophinreceptorknockoutandwildtype129/svmice,thefacialnervesononesidewerecrushed.Atdays2and4followinginjury,regeneratingmotorneuronsinthefacialnucleiwerelabeledbyfastblue,andtheregeneratingaxonwaslabeledbytheanterogradetracercholeratoxinBsubunit.MAINOUTCOMEMEASURES:AxonalregenerativevelocityandnumberweredetectedbyimmunohistochemicalstainingofcholeratoxinBsubunit,growth-associatedprotein,proteingeneproduct9.5,andcalcitonin-gene-relatedpeptide;survivalofmotorneuronsinthefacialnucleiwasdetectedbyretrogradefastblue.RESULTS:Axonalgrowthinthefacialnerveofp75neurotrophinreceptorknockoutmicewassignificantlylessthaninwildtypemice.Atday7afterinjury,thenumberofregeneratingmotorneuronsinp75neurotrophinreceptorknockoutmiceremainedsignificantlylessthaninwildtypemice(P<0.05).Thenumberofpositivelystainedfibersforgrowth-associatedprotein-43,proteingeneproduct9.5,andcalcitonin-gene-relatedpeptideinp75neurotrophinreceptorknockoutmicewassignificantlylessthaninwildtypemice(P<0.01).CONCLUSION:p75neurotrophinreceptorpromotedaxonalregenerationandenhancedthesurvivalrateofmotorneuronsfollowingfacialnerveinjury.

简介：目的探讨P53家族新成员P73及P63在脑星形细胞瘤中的表达和在不同恶性程度中的表达变化.方法采用免疫组化方法检测61例不同恶性程度的星形细胞瘤P73及P63基因的表达情况,与置换一抗的空白对照组比较,并同时进行组间对照.结果P73与P63总的阳性表达率为31.15%和40.98%.组间对照:P73组3～4级与1～2级比较P＜0.05,2～3级与1～2级比较P＞0.05;P63组3～4级与1～2级比较P＜0.01.,2～3级与1～2级比较P＜0.05.结论P73及P6.3作为P53家族的新成员可能是候选的抑癌基因,且随着恶性程度的增加其表达越明显.

简介：MicroRNAs(miRNAs)aredynamicallyregulatedduringneurodevelopment,yetfewreportshaveexaminedtheirroleinspinabifida.Inthisstudy,weusedanestablishedfetalratmodelofspinabifidainducedbyintragastricallyadministeringoliveoil-containingall-transretinoicacidtodamsonday10ofpregnancy.Damsthatreceivedintragastricadministrationofall-transretinoicacid-freeoliveoilservedascontrols.ThemiRNAexpressionprofileintheamnioticfluidofratsat20daysofpregnancywasanalyzedusinganmiRNAmicroarrayassay.Comparedwiththatincontrolfetuses,theexpressionofmiRNA-9,miRNA-124a,andmiRNA-138wassignificantlydecreased(>2-fold),whereastheexpressionofmiRNA-134wassignificantlyincreased(>4-fold)intheamnioticfluidofratswithfetusesmodelingspinabifida.Theseresultswerevalidatedusingreal-timequantitativereverse-transcriptionpolymerasechainreaction.HierarchicalclusteringanalysisofthemicroarraydatashowedthatthesedifferentiallyexpressedmiRNAscoulddistinguishfetusesmodelingspinabifidafromcontrolfetuses.OurbioinformaticsanalysissuggestedthatthesedifferentiallyexpressedmiRNAswereassociatedwithmanycytologicalpathways,includinganervoussystemdevelopmentsignalingpathway.ThesefindingsindicatethatfurtherstudiesarewarrantedexaminingtheroleofmiRNAsthroughtheirregulationofavarietyofcellfunctionalpathwaysinthepathogenesisofspinabifida.Suchstudiesmayprovidenoveltargetsfortheearlydiagnosisandtreatmentofspinabifida.

简介：Directexposuretointensivevisiblelightcanleadtosolarretinopathy,includingmacularinjury.Thesignsandsymptomsincludecentralscotoma,metamorphopsia,anddecreasedvision.However,therehavebeenfewstudiesexaminingretinalinjuryduetointensivelightstimulationatthecellularlevel.Neuralnetworkarrangementsandgeneexpressionpatternsinzebrafishphotoreceptorsaresimilartothoseobservedinhumans,andphotoreceptorinjuryinzebrafishcaninducestemcell-basedcellularregeneration.Therefore,thezebrafishretinaisconsideredausefulmodelforstudyingphotoreceptorinjuryinhumans.Inthecurrentstudy,thecentralretinalphotoreceptorsofzebrafishwereselectivelyablatedbystimulationwithhigh-intensitylight.Retinalinjury,cellproliferationandregenerationofconesandrodswereassessedat1,3and7dayspostlesionwithimmunohistochemistryandinsituhybridization.Additionally,alight/darkboxtestwasusedtoassesszebrafishbehavior.Theresultsrevealedthatphotoreceptorswereregeneratedby7daysafterthelight-inducedinjury.However,theregeneratedcellsshowedadisruptedarrangementatthelesionsite.Duringtheinjury-regenerationprocess,thezebrafishexhibitedreducedlocomotorcapacity,weakenedphototaxisandincreasedmovementangularvelocity.Thesebehaviorsmatchedthemorphologicalchangesofretinalinjuryandregenerationinanumberofways.Thisstudydemonstratesthatthezebrafishretinahasarobustcapacityforregeneration.Visualimpairmentandstressresponsesfollowinghigh-intensitylightstimulationappeartocontributetothealterationofbehaviors.

简介：目的通过对卒中后抑郁(PSD)患者帕罗西汀治疗前后P300的研究,探讨PSD患者认知损害的发生机制.方法选择符合第2版的46例PSD患者,其中脑梗死29例,脑出血17例.治疗前后均经汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD),简易精神状态检查法(MMSE)及听觉oddball刺激序列事件相关电位(P300)检测.t-test检验结果显示治疗前后均数有显著性差异.结果治疗后PSD患者P3潜伏期显著缩短(P＜0.01)且波幅显著增高(P＜0.05);治疗前后PSD患者MMSE具显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论PSD患者的认知损害可能与5-HT的异常有关.

简介：BACKGROUND:Kainicacidcanbeusedtoinduceamodelofepilepsybysystemicinjection,suchasintraperitonealorsubcutaneousinjection.Individualratshavedifferentresponsestokainicacid,thereforehighdosesofdrugarerequiredandthesuccessrateofmodelinductionislow.Itisnecessarytodevelopanimprovedmethodtoestablishatemporallobeepilepsy(TLE)animalmodel.OBJECTIVE:Toexploreaneconomic,stableandefficientmethodofestablishingaTLEanimalmodel.DESIGN,TIMEANDSETTING:Acompletelyrandomized,controlledstudy.TheexperimentswereperformedintheCellularFunctionLaboratoryofthePhysiologyDepartment,AnhuiMedicalUniversityfromMarchtoJuly2007.MATERIALS:TwentyadultmaleWistarrats,weighing230–260g,wereprovidedbytheExperimentalAnimalCentreofNanjingMedicalUniversity.KainicacidwaspurchasedfromSigmainUSA.TypeSN-2stereotaxicapparatuswasmadebyNarishgeinJapan.METHODS:Wistarratswererandomlydividedintoakainicacid(KA)group(n=12)andanormalsaline(NS)group(n=8).Forintrahippocampalmicroinjection,aburrholewasdrilledintheskullatthefollowingstereotaxiccoordinates:anteroposterior(AP)4.1mmcaudaltobregma;lateral(ML)4.2mmrightlateraltothemidline.RatsintheKAgroupwereinjectedwith2.5μLKA(0.4g/L)intothecenteroftheCA3region,whileintheNSgroupthesamevolumeofNSwasinjectedintothesamesite.MAINOUTCOMEMEASURES:Bothgroupsweremonitoredunderavideocapturesystemfor12weekstorecordspontaneousseizures.Intracranialeletroencepholograph(IEEG)recordingsinvivowereperformedafterthebehavioralobservations.AftertheIEEGrecordings,hippocampiwereprocessedintocoronalsections.NisslandTimmstainingswerethenperformedtoobserveandconfirmpathology.RESULTS:Twentyratswereinvolvedinthefinalanalysis.Behavioralobservations:theearliestspontaneousonsetofepilepsyappeared2weeksafterinjectionofKA.Eightratshadspontaneouson

简介：BACKGROUND:Oxidativestressplaysanimportantroleinthepathophysiologyofepilepsy.Glutathione,knownasoneofthecompoundsofantioxidantdefense,hasbeenshowntoinhibitconvulsions.Nitricoxidehasaproconvulsanteffectonapentylenetetrazole-inducedanimalmodel.OBJECTIVE:Toevaluatetheeffectsofglutathioneadministrationonnitricoxidelevelsinbrainregionsofconvulsiveandkindlingpentylenetetrazole-inducedseizuremodels.DESIGN,TIME,ANDSETTING:Arandomized,controlled,animalexperiment.ThestudywasperformedattheDepartmentofPhysiology,GaziantepUniversityandDepartmentofChemistry-Biochemistry,KahramamarasSutcuImamUniversityin2006.MATERIALS:PentylenetetrazoleandglutathionewerepurchasedfromSigma,USA.METHODS:Atotalof80micewereassignedto8groups(n=10):normalcontrol,salinecontrol(1mLnormalsaline),convulsivepentylenetetrazole(singleintraperitonealadministrationofpentylenetetrazole,60mg/kg),convulsivepentylenetrazoleplusglutathione(singleadministrationof60mg/kgpentylenetetrazoleand200mg/kgglutathione),five-doseglutathione(intraperitonealinjectionof200mg/kgglutathionerespectivelyat1,3,5,7,and10days),single-doseglutathione(singleadministrationof200mg/kgglutathione),pentylenetetrazolekindling(intraperitonealadministrationofpentylenetetrazoleof40mg/kgat1,3,5,7,and10days),andpentylenetetrazolekindlingplusglutathionegroup(intraperitonealinjectionof40mg/kgpentylenetetrazoleand200mg/kgglutathionerespectivelyat1,3,5,7,and10days).MAINOUTCOMEMEASURES:Allmiceweresacrificed1hourafterthelastadministration.Brainnitricoxidelevelsweredeterminedbyspectrophotometry.RESULTS:Therewerenosignificantdifferencesinnitricoxidelevelsbetweenthenormalcontrol,salinecontrol,five-doseglutathione,andsingle-doseglutathionegroups(P>0.05).Nitricoxidelevelsinthecerebralhemisphereandcerebellumweresignificantlylessintheconvulsivepentylenetetrazolegroup,comparedwiththeconvu

简介：目的探讨不同病理级别人脑神经胶质瘤组织中p57^kip2/p21^cip1mRNA的表达变化及其关系。方法采用实时荧光定量PCR检测p57^kip2/p21^cip1mRNA在68例脑胶质瘤组织和16例非肿瘤脑组织中的表达水平。结果①p57^kip2mRNA在脑胶质瘤中的表达水平显著低于非肿瘤脑组织（P〈0.01）,且其表达水平与肿瘤病理级别呈显著负相关（rs=-0.495;P〈0.01）。②p21^cip1mRNA在脑胶质瘤中的表达水平与非肿瘤脑组织相比无显著差异（P〉0.05）,但其表达水平与肿瘤病理级别呈显著负相关（rs=-0.615;P〈0.01）。结论p57^kip2/p21^cip1的异常表达可能与人脑胶质瘤的发生和发展有密切相关,其表达水平可反映肿瘤的恶性程度。

简介：Drugscancauseobviousdamagetothebrain.Toverifytherelationshipbetweenacupuncture,neurotrophicfactorexpressionandbraincellstructuralchanges,thisstudyestablishedaratmodelofheroinrelapseusingintramuscularinjectionofincreasingamountsofheroin.Duringthedetoxificationperiod,ratmodelsreceivedacupunctureatBaihui(DU20)andDazhui(DU14).Electronmicroscopydemonstratedthatthestructureoftheventraltegmentalareainheroinrelapseratsgraduallybecamenormalizedafteracupuncturetreatment.Immunohistochemicalstainingexhibitedthattheexpressionofbrain-derivedneurotrophicfactorandglialcellline-derivedneurotrophicfactorincreasedintheventraltegmentalareafollowingacupuncture.Moreover,theeffectsweresimilartothatofmethadone,atypeofmedicinecalledanopioid.ResultssuggestedthatacupunctureatBaihuiandDazhuiprotectedbrainneuronsagainstinjuryinratswithheroinrelapsebypromotingbrain-derivedneurotrophicfactorandglialcellline-derivedneurotrophicfactorexpression.

简介：本研究围绕病人在转运交接过程涉及的转诊机构、转运人员、接收机构这3个主体和转诊人员与转运人员的交接、转运人员与接收人员的交接这2个节点建立院际间转运病人交接标准作业程序,同时将标准作业程序（SOP）理念引入《重症患儿院间转运记录》中实施。研究结果显示,SOP的建立与实施实现了病人交接的过程监控,有效控制了转运记录单的缺陷率,提高了转运人员的执行力,保证了医疗服务在机构层面的连续性,同时促进了机构间、部门间医护团队的协助,由此提高了院际间转运的服务品质与安全性,从而提高了交接医护人员和病人及其家属的满意度。

简介：目的：研究ras-p21蛋白在脑胶质细胞瘤中的表达：方法：用SP免疫组化方法检测79例脑胶质细胞瘤中ras-p21蛋白的表达。结果：胶质瘤p21蛋白总阳性表达率为36.71％。其中星形细胞瘤、室管膜瘤及髓母细胞瘤中的表达率分别为44％、31．29％和15.38％，但三者之间统计学上无显著性差异(P>0.05)。Ⅰ、Ⅱ级肿瘤与Ⅲ、Ⅳ级肿瘤表达率之间统计学上也无显著性差异(P>0.05)。但高强度表达绝大多数见于Ⅲ、Ⅳ级肿瘤。结论：ras-p21蛋白的表达与胶质瘤的组织学类型及分化程度无关，但表达量能反映肿瘤的恶性程度。

简介：目的探讨上矢状窦旁脑膜瘤手术方法及其手术效果。方法回顾性分析2012年1月2016年5月显微手术治疗的16例上矢状窦旁脑膜瘤的临床资料。结果按照Simpson切除标准，16例SimpsonⅡ级切除，6例SimpsonⅣ级切除；术后随访6~48个月，SimpsonⅡ级切除16例未见复发；SimpsonⅣ级切除6例中，4例术后0.5~2年复发，采用伽玛刀治疗2例，再次手术2例。新增对侧肢体感觉障碍5例、肌力下降2例，随访半年恢复正常。术前5例有癫痫发作，术后不再服用抗癫痫药物4例，药物使用明显减量1例。结论显微外科技术可以有效保护重要引流静脉及静脉窦，是提高上矢状窦旁脑膜瘤手术疗效的重要因素；术中无需强求SimpsonⅠ级切除和上矢状窦重建，会增加手术风险；对残留肿瘤术后可酌情辅以伽玛刀治疗或二次手术。

简介：

简介：BACKGROUND:Studieshavedemonstratedthatthemechanismsunderlyingcellularapoptosissignaltransductionfocusontwopathways:intracellularmitochondriaandextracellulardeathreceptor.Thecurrentevidencesupportsthatsignaltransductionofcellularapoptosisalsoincludesendoplasmicreticulumstresssignaltransduction.OBJECTIVE:ToobserveCaspase-12expressionandcellularapoptosisfollowingischemiainratswithprogressivespinalcordcompression,andtoverifytheinfluenceofendoplasmicreticulumstressontheapoptosisinducedbyspinalcordinjury.DESIGN,TIMEANDSETTING:Arandomized,controlled,animaltrialwasperformedattheInstituteofNeuroscienceinChongqingMedicalUniversitybetweenJanuaryandOctoberin2006.MATERIALS:Immunohistochemicalkit,diaminobenzidine,andTUNELkitwerepurchasedfromBeijingZhongshanBiotechnology,China;rabbitanti-ratCaspase-12monoclonalantibodywasprovidedbySantaCruz,USA.METHODS:SixtyWistarrats,aged3-4months,wererandomlyassignedtoamodelgroup(n=50),whichunderwentspinalcordcompressionintheL_1segmentfollowingL_1laminectomyandarticularprocessexcisiontoestablishamodelofprogressivespinalcordcompression,andasham-surgerygroup(n=10),whichunderwentonlylaminectomy.Startingwiththefirstdayaftersurgery,theratswerelocallyanesthetized,theskinwasopened,andthescrewwasrotatedby1/4ofacycle,twiceweekly.MAINOUTCOMEMEASURES:At3,7,14,21,and28daysaftersurgery,ratsfromeachgroupwereanesthetized,andthespinalcordswereresected.Pathologicalchangesfollowingspinalcordcompressionweredeterminedusinghematoxylin-eosinstaining,Nissldye,andtransmissionelectronmicroscopy.TheTUNELmethodwasusedtoobserveneuronalapoptosisinthecompressedspinalcordsegments.ImmunohistochemistryandWesternblotwereutilizedtodetectCaspase-12expressioninthecompressedsegments.RESULTS:Cellularswelling,neuraldegeneration,andalteredendoplasmicreticulumstructureswereobservedat3days

简介：Somestudieshavesuggestedthatearlysurgicaltreatmentcaneffectivelyimprovetheprognosisofcervicalspinalcordinjurywithoutradiologicalabnormality,butnoresearchhasfocusedonthedevelopmentofaprognosticmodelofcervicalspinalcordinjurywithoutradiologicalabnormality.Thisretrospectiveanalysisincluded43patientswithcervicalspinalcordinjurywithoutradiologicalabnormality.Sevenpotentialfactorswereassessed:age,sex,externalforcestrengthcausingdamage,durationofdisease,degreeofcervicalspinalstenosis,JapaneseOrthopaedicAssociationscore,andphysiologicalcervicalcurvature.Amodelwasestablishedusingmultiplebinarylogisticregressionanalysis.Themodelwasevaluatedbyconcordantprofilingandtheareaunderthereceiveroperatingcharacteristiccurve.Bootstrappingwasusedforinternalvalidation.Theprognosticmodelwasasfollows:logit(P)=-25.4545+21.2576VALUE+1.2160SCORE-3.4224TIME,whereVALUEreferstothePavlovratioindicatingtheextentofcervicalspinalstenosis,SCOREreferstotheJapaneseOrthopaedicAssociationscore(0–17)aftertheoperation,andTIMEreferstothediseaseduration(frominjurytooperation).Theareaunderthereceiveroperatingcharacteristiccurveforallpatientswas0.8941(95%confidenceinterval,0.7930–0.9952).Threefactorsassessedinthepredictivemodelwereassociatedwithpatientoutcomes:agreatextentofcervicalstenosis,apoorpreoperativeneurologicalstatus,andalongdiseaseduration.Thesethreefactorscouldworsenpatientoutcomes.Moreover,thediseaseprognosiswasconsideredgoodwhenlogit(P)≥-2.5105.Overall,themodeldisplayedacertainclinicalvalue.ThisstudywasapprovedbytheBiomedicalEthicsCommitteeoftheSecondAffiliatedHospitalofXi’anJiaotongUniversity,China(approvalnumber:2018063)onMay8,2018.

简介：目的：检测２０例小儿脑软质瘤中Ｐ１６基因及其蛋白的存在情况。方法用聚合酶链式反应－单链构象多态性分析和免疫组织化学技术检测了２０例１－１４岁小儿脑胶质瘤。成果显示Ｐ１６基因和Ｐ１６蛋白的丢失率分别为５０％（１０／２０％）及（５／２０）。结论本文结果提示Ｐ１６基因和蛋白缺失可能与部分小儿脑有质瘤发生，发展有关。

简介：CheonggukjangisasoybeanpastemadebyfermentingwholecookedsoybeanswithBacillussubtilis.Cheonggukjangcontainsafibrinolyticenzymethatcouldprovideclinicalapplicationsforremovingbloodclots.Inthepresentstudy,theterm'cheonggukjangkinase'(CGK)wasusedtorefertothisfibrinolyticenzyme.ThethrombolyticeffectsofCGKwereanalyzedinaratmodelofcerebralembolicstrokeproducedbymiddlecerebralarteryocclusion(MCAO).Resultsfromfibrinandplatelet-richclotlysisassaysdemonstratedthatthrombolyticactivitywasgreatestinCGKs,whichwereculturedfor40hours.Inaddition,T50,thetimeneededtodecompose50%oftheclot,didnotchangewithplasminogentreatment,indicatingthatCGKwasnotaplasminogenactivator,butwasratherpresumedtoactasaplasmin-likeprotein.AnintravenousinfusionofCGK(1Uplasmin-likeactivity/100μgCGK/kg)at1hourafterMCAOresultedinremovalofclotsinaratmodelofcerebralembolicstroke.CGK-treatedgroupsexhibitedasignificantdose-dependentreductionininfarctvolume.CGKtreatmentalsoimprovedfunctionalrecovery,asassessedbyneurologicaldeficitscores.DecreasedinfarctvolumeandimprovedfunctionalrecoveryfollowingCGKtreatmentwasgreatercomparedwithrecombinanttissueplasminogenactivator(10mg/kg).TheseresultssuggestedthatCGKeffectivelyreducedinfarctvolumeandimprovedfunctionalrecoveryfollowingischemicbraininjury.CGKexhibitsanumberofpotentialclinicalapplicationsinthetreatmentofcerebralembolicstroke.

简介：NewZealandrabbitswererandomlydividedintoanischemiagroup(occlusionoftheabdominalaortafor60minutes),anischemia-reperfusiongroup(occlusionoftheabdominalaortafor60minutesfollowedby48hoursofreperfusion)andasham-surgerygroup.Two-dimensionalgelelectrophoresisdetected49differentiallyexpressedproteinsinspinalcordtissuefromtheischemiaandischemia/reperfusiongroupsand23ofthemwereidentifiedbymassspectrometry.Intheischemiagroup,theexpressionofeightproteinswasupregulated,andthatoftheremainingfourproteinswasdownregulated.Intheischemia/reperfusiongroup,theexpressionoffourproteinswasupregulated,andthatoftwoproteinswasdownregulated.Inthesham-surgerygroup,onlyoneproteinwasdetected.Intheischemiaandischemia/reperfusiongroups,fourproteinsoverlappedbetweengroupswiththesamedifferentialexpression,includingthreethatwereupregulatedandonedownregulated.Theseproteinswererelatedtoenergymetabolism,celldefense,inflammatorymechanismandcellsignaling.

简介：BACKGROUND:Wehavepreviouslyreportedthatadultentericglia(EG)facilitatethegrowthoftransecteddorsalrootaxonsintotheuninjuredspinalcordtoformfunctionalconnectionswiththeirtargets.OBJECTIVE:ThepresentstudyinvestigatedtheeffectsofEGonspinalcordfunction,tissueinjury,andaxonalregenerationfollowingtransplantationintoinjuredratspinalcords,accordingtohistologicalandfunctionaloutcomes.DESIGN,TIMEANDSETTING:ArandomizedcontrolledanimalexperimentwasperformedatMcMasterUniversity,CanadafromJanuary2006toMarch2008.MATERIALS:EGwereisolatedfromratintestine.METHODS:Oneweekfollowingspinalcordcrush,femaleWistarratswereinjectedwithanEGsuspension(2μL,1×10~5/μL,n=10)orwiththesamevolumeoffreshculturemediumalone(controlanimals,n=11).Thethirdgroupdidnotreceiveanyinjectionfollowinglaminectomyandservedasthesham-operatedcontrols(n=5).MAINOUTCOMEMEASURES:Behaviorwastestedpriortotransplantationandweeklyfollowingtransplantation,withninebehavioralexaminationsintotal.Openfield,hindlimbplacementresponse,footorientationresponse,andinclinedplanetestwereutilized.Immediatelyfollowingthefinalbehavioralexamination,spinalcordT_9toL_1segmentswereharvestedforimmunohistochemicalandhematoxylin-eosinstainingtodetermineastroglialscarring,axonalregenerationandspinalcordlesionsize.RESULTS:RatswithEGtransplantationexhibitedsignificantlybetterlocomotorfunctionwithreducedtissuedamage,comparedwiththecontrolrats.Cysticcavitieswerepresent2monthsafterinjuryinspinalcordsfrombothcontrolgroups.Incontrast,ratsinjectedwithEGdidnotpresentwithcysticlesions.Inaddition,theinjurysiteconsistedofcellularmaterialandnervefibers,andaxonalregenerationwasapparent,withdenselabelingofneurofilament-positiveaxonswithintheinjurysite.Moreover,regeneratingaxonswereintimatelyassociatedwithtransplantedEGCONCLUSION:ThesedataindicatedthatEGenha