简介：金属V作为贮氢材料具有良好的增压性能因而在ICF靶丸制备工艺中备受关注，但是金属V难活化，严重影响了其在增压材料方面的应用。为了改善金属V的活化性能，向金属V中掺杂少量的金属Ni以期达到对其改性和改善其贮氢性能的目的。

简介：采用拉曼光谱原位分析、扫描探针显微镜、扫描电镜和X射线能谱研究了Ce-5％（质量分数）La合金在空气中的氧化过程。

简介：物质的颗粒度大小及分布，直接联系着物质的性能和应用。过去，对常规10-20gm的炸药颗粒度研究较多，而对超细炸药颗粒度研究较少。与常规炸药相比，超细炸药存在许多特殊性，如颗粒间更易团聚不易分散、在溶剂里表现出不同于大颗粒的溶解性等，使测试变得更复杂。以超细TATB、超细BTF、超细HNS、超细RDX和超细HMX为对象，使用LS-230型激光粒度仪，对颗粒度测试过程中涉及的各种测试条件(如分散介质的选择、分散剂选择、超声时间的确定、光学模型设置、运行时间等)进行研究，获得各种超细炸药的最佳测试条件，形成基本完善的测试方法，并将测试结果与扫描电子显微镜及英国马尔文公司的Matersizer2000型激光粒度仪的测试结果进行比较。

简介：Mg2Ni合金以价格低廉、高能量密度,而引起人们的广泛关注。本文对Mg2Ni贮氢合金的结构、性能特别是电化学性能,以及常用的改性方法进行综述。

简介：采用环境氢脆技术及现代材料微观分析技术，研究了Fe-35Ni-15Cr实验合金在室温至900℃的力学性能及热充氢后在室温及750℃的力学性能，分析了温度对材料微观组织的影响，为优化其化学成分、热处理工艺等提供技术依据。

简介：用机械合金化方法制备了(FeAl3)75Zr25和(FeAl3)50Zr50非晶态合金,用X射线衍射仪和热分析仪对制备的非晶态合金的结构特性及热稳定性进行了研究,用振动样品磁强计对(FeAl3)75Zr25和(FeAl3)50Zr50混合粉末在机械球磨过程中的磁性变化进行了研究,并对其晶化产物及其晶化后合金的磁性进行了分析。结果表明:(FeAl3)75Zr25的晶化产物为Fe3Zr和Al1.65Fe0.33Zr;(FeAl3)50Zr50非晶态合金的晶化产物为FeZr2和AlZr2。(FeAl3)75Z

简介：Thedevelopmentofthehydrogenelectrodeisvitalfortheapplicationofalkalinepolymerelectrolytefuelcells(APEFCs).Inthisstudy,aseriesofNi(OH)2decoratedNi/Ccatalysts(Ni(OH)2-Ni/C)werepreparedbyathree-stepelectrochemicaltreatmentofNi/C.TheexistenceofNi(OH)2wasdemonstratedbyX-rayphotoelectronspectroscopy(XPS),andthesurfacemolarratioofNi(OH)2/Niofthesampleswasestimatedviaanelectrochemicalmethod.TheHORcatalyticactivityofthecatalystswasevaluatedbyarotationdiskelectrode(RDE)method,anda'volcanoplot'wasestablishedbetweentheHORexchangecurrent(j0)andthesurfacemolarratioofNi(OH)2/Ni.Ontopofthe'volcano',thesurfacemolarratioofNi(OH)2/Niis1.1:1,thej0ofwhichwas6.8timesofthatofNi/C.ThestabilityofthesamplestowardHORwasevaluatedtobegood.OurstudyaddedasystematicexperimentalevidencetotheHORresearch,showingthattheHORcatalyticactivityofNicanbedeliberatelycontrolledviadecorationofNi(OH)2,whichmayhelpunderstandingtheHORmechanismonNi.

简介：用浸渍法制备了一系列含镍的催化剂，以ＴＰＲ、ＴＰＤ、ＸＲＤ及ＸＰＳ等手段分别对Ｎｉ／海泡石及Ｎｉ／Ｓｍ海泡石催化剂进行了表征。结果表明，助剂钐的加入不仅使镍粒变小，而且也降低了镍原子结合能，除此以外，镍的分散亦有提高。ＴＰＲ与ＴＰＤ测试表明钐的加入亦能引起峰温的变化。更多还原

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简介：Threetypesofcarbonnano-onions（CNOs）includingNi@CNOs.Fe3C@CNOsandFe0.64Ni0.36@CNOsnanoparticleshavebeensynthesizedbycatalyticdecompositionofmethaneat850℃usingnickel,ironandiron-nickelalloycatalysts.Comparativeandsystematicstudieshavebeencarriedoutonthemorphology,structuralcharacteristicsandgraphiticcrystallinityoftheseCNOsproducts.Furthermore,theelectrochemicalhydrogenstoragepropertiesofthreetypesofCNOshavebeeninvestigated.MeasurementsshowthattheNi@CNOshavethehighestdischargecapacityof387.2mAh/g,coiTespondingtoahydrogenstorageof1.42%.ThiscomparisonstudyshowstheadvantagesofeachcatalystinthegrowthofCNOs.enablingthecontrollablesynthesisandtuningthepropertiesofCNOsbymediatingdifferentmetalsandtheiralloyforusinginthefuelcellsystem.

简介：HydrotalciteprecursorsofLamodifiedNi-Al2O3andNi-SiO2catalystspreparedbyco-precipitationmethodandthecatalyticactivitieswereexaminedfortheproductionofCOx-freeH2byCH4decomposition.Physico-chemicalcharacteristicsoffresh,reducedandusedcatalystswereevaluatedbyXRD,TPRandO2pulsechemisorptions,TEMandBET-SAtechniques.XRDstudiesshowedphasesduetohydrotalcite-likeprecursorsinovendriedformproduceddispersedNiOspeciesuponcalcinationinstaticairabove450C.Ramanspectraofdeactivatedsamplesrevealedthepresenceofbothorderedanddisorderedformsofcarbon.Ni-La-Al2O3catalystwithamoleratioofNi:La:Al=2:0.1:0.9exhibitedtremendouslyhighlongevitywithahydrogenproductionrateof1300molH2mol1Ni.AdirectrelationshipbetweenNimetalsurfaceareaandhydrogenyieldswasestablished.

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简介：设计了一种结构简单、噪声低、功耗小的溴化镧（LaBr3：Ce）γ谱仪前端读出电子学电路。该电路包括电压灵敏前置放大电路、谱仪放大电路和供电电源3部分，电路的设计基于传统核电子学方法和较新的电子元器件，采用低噪声设计技术，在能谱测量中获得了较高的能量分辨率。文中首先介绍了电路的设计方案，包括各部分电路原理、功能和设计要点；然后开展了电路仿真和电路板设计；最后通过实验进行电路功能验证。实验表明：基于研制的前端读出电子学电路、溴化镧（LaBr3：Ce）探测器及数字多道分析器组成的γ谱仪系统，对137Cs662keVγ能峰的能量分辨率可达2.7%，谱仪系统性能稳定。

简介：AMonteCarlosimulation,withtheenergeticsdescribedbytheembeddedatommethod,hasbeenemployedtostudythephysicalbehaviourofboronatomsduringrelaxationoftheNi3AlBxgrainboundary,IthasalsobeenusedtocalculatenotonlythepeakconcentrationsofNiandBandthevalleyconcentrationofAlatthegrainboundary,butalsothedependenceofthegrainboundarycohesionontheBbulkconcentration.DuringrelaxationofimpureNi3Algrainboundaries,wesuggestthat,asthesegregatingspecies,theBatomseitherinsertintointersticesinthegrainboundaryorsubstituteNiatoms.Meanwhile,astheinducingspecies,theyinduceNiatomstosubstituteforAlatoms.Calculationsshowthatintheequilibrium,whentheBbulkconcentrationxincreasesfrom0.1to0.9thepeakconcentrationofBincreases,thepeakconcentrationofNimaximizeswhilethevalleyconcentrationofAlminimizesatx=0.5,Thecalculationsalsoshowthebestcohesionofthegrainboundaryatx=0.5。

简介：Asamemberof1Dnanostructuredmaterials,theferromagneticandnonmagneticmultilayernanowiresexhibittremendouspotentialapplicationsinmanyfieldsduetotheiruniquemagneticandelectricalproperties.Thebasicpropertyofmultilayernanowirearrays,suchascoercivity,iscrucialimportantforthefutureapplication.Inordertoobtainthecoercivityinformation,besidesdirectlymeasuringitthroughexperiment,theoreticalcalculationalsoprovidesausefulandfastwaytoevaluatethemultilayer’scoervicity.Fig.1(a)and(b)demonstrateasinglemultilayernanowireandnanowirearraysembodiedinamatrix,respectively.Inthiswork,byimprovingPant’smodel,wedevelopedthenewmodelandsuccessfullypredictedtherelationshipbetweenthecoercivitychangingofCu/Nimultilayernanowirearraysandstructualparameters.Fig.

简介：AdsorptionofhydrogenmoleculesonanNi-doped(8,0)single-walledcarbonnanotube(SWNT)isinvestigatedbyusingfirst-principlesdensityfunctionalcalculations.TheresultshowsthatasingleNiatomadsorbedonthebridgesiteofthetubecouldcannotdissociatetheH2,howeveritcanchemisorbthreeH2atmost,withtheaveragebindingenergyperH2suitableforthehydrogenstorageattheroomtemperature.MoreH2wouldphysisorbaroundanNiatomweakly.AsfortheSWNTwithanNidimeradsorbed,wefindthatwhentheH2approachestheNi-Nibond,itdissociateswithoutovercominganybarrierandmakesbondswithNiatom.

简介：Immobilizingbiocomponentsonsolidsurfacesisacriticalstepinthedevelopmentofnewdevicesforfuturebiological,medical,andelectronicapplications.Therefore,numerousintegratedfilmswererecentlydevelopedbyimmobilizingdifferentproteinsorenzymesonelectrodesurfaces.Inthiswork,hemeproteinsweresafelyimmobilizedontomacroporousnickel-basedelectrodeswhilemaintainingtheirfunctionality.Suchmodifiedelectrodesshowedinterestingpseudo-capacitivebehavior.Amonghemeproteins,hemoglobin(Hb)filmhasahigherelectrochemicalperformanceandgreatercharge/dischargecyclingstabilitythanmyoglobin(Mb)andcytochromeC(CytC).Thehemegroupinanalkalinemediumcouldinducetheformationofsuperoxidesontheelectrodesurface.Thesecapacitivefeaturesofhemeprotein-NielectrodewererelatedtostrongbindingsitesbetweenhemeproteinsandporousNielectrode,theaccumulationofsuperoxideorradicalsontheNisurface,andfacileelectrontransferandelectrolytediffusionthroughthethree-dimensionalmacroporousnetwork.Thus,thesenewprotein-basedsupercapacitorshavepotentialuseinfree-standingplatformtechnologyforthedevelopmentofimplantableenergy-storagedevices.

简介：基于随机介质的谱分解理论,建立了二维多孔介质的细观模型,发展了多孔介质传热问题的多松弛格子Boltzmann方法求解算法,模拟了恒定热流加载下含基体孔隙复合材料的传热过程,计算了碳化硅多孔材料的等效热导率。结果表明,多孔介质的传热过程与孔隙率、孔隙结构密切相关,孔隙率越大材料传热性能越差,等孔隙率条件下,多孔介质沿某一方向的等效热导率随该方向孔隙自相关长度的增加而变大。

简介：Au/Ce1xZrxO2catalysts(x=0-0.8)werepreparedbyadeposition-precipitationmethodusingCe1xZrxO2nanoparticlesassupportswithvariableCeandZrcontents.TheirstructureswerecharacterizedbycomplimentarymeanssuchasX-raydiffraction,Raman,scanningtransmissionelectronmicroscopyandX-rayphotoelectronspectroscopy(XPS).TheseAucatalystspossessedsimilarsizesandcrystallinephasesofCe1xZrxO2supportsaswellassimilarsizesandoxidationstatesofAunanoparticles.TheoxidationstateofAunanoparticleswasdominatedbyAu0especiallyinCOoxidation.TheiractivitieswereexaminedinCOoxidationatdifferenttemperaturesintherangeof303333K.TheCOoxidationratesnormalizedperAuatomsincreasedwiththeincreasingCecontents,andreachedthemaximumvalueoverAu/CeO2.Suchchangewasinparallelwiththechangeintheoxygenstoragecapacityvalues,i.e.theamountsofactiveoxygenspeciesonAu/Ce1xZrxO2catalysts.TheexcellentcorrelationbetweenthetwopropertiesofthecatalystssuggeststhattheintrinsicsupporteffectsontheCOoxidationratesisrelatedtotheeffectsontheadsorptionandactivationofO2onAu/Ce1xZrxO2catalysts.SuchunderstandingonthesupporteffectsmaybeusefulfordesigningmoreactiveAucatalysts,forexample,bytuningtheredoxpropertiesofoxidesupports.

简介：UsingtheefectiveHamiltonianmethod,weanalyzetheB0-ˉB0mixingintheextensionofthestandardmodel(SM)wherebaryonnumberandleptonnumberarelocalgaugesymmetries.ThenumericalresultsindicatethecorrectionfromtheextraparticlestothemassdiferencemBissignificant.Thereisa60%enhancementcomparedtotheSMpredictionformBatmost,whichagreeswiththecurrentexperimentalresult.