简介:BABAR[1]usestwoformatsforitsdata:ObjectivitydatabaseandROOT[1]files.Thisposterconcernsthedistributionofthelatter-forObjectivitydatasee[3].TheBABARanalysisdataisstoredinROOTfiles-oneperphysicsrunandanalysisselectionchannel-maintainedinalargedirectorytree,CurrentlyBABARhasmorethan4.5TBytesin200,000ROOTfiles.Thisdatais(mostly)producedatSLAC,butisrequiredforanalysisatuniversitiesandresearchcentresthroughouttheUSandEurope.TwobasicproblemsconfrontuswhenweseektoimportbulkdatafromSLACtoaninstitute'slocalstorageviathenetwork.Wemustdeterminewhichfilesmustbeimported(dependingonthelocalsiterequirementsandwhichfileshavealreadybeenimported),andwemustmaketheoptimumuseofthenetworkwhentransferringthedata,Basicftp-liketools(ftp,scp,etc)donotattempttosolvethefirstproblem.Moresophisticatedtoolslikersync[4],thewidely-usedmirror/synchronisationprogram,comparelocalandremotefilesystems,checkingforchanges(basedonfiledate,sizeand,ifdesired,anelaboratechecksum)inordertoonlycopynewormodifiedfiles,Howeverrsyncallowsforonlylimitedfileselection.Alsowhen,asinBABAR,anextremelylargedirectorystructuremustbescanned,rsynccantakeseveralhoursjusttodeterminewhichfilesneedtobecopied.Althoughrsync(andscp)provideson-the=flycompression,itdoesnotallowustooptimisethenetworktransferbyusingmultiplestreams,abjustingtheTCPwindowsizeorseparatingencryptedauthenticationfromunencrypteddatachannels.
简介:ThedetailedreactionpathwayandcokeformationmechanismoverPt/metaloxidenanoparticlesduringthesteamreformingofethanol(SRE)at300℃werestudied.ThecatalystswerepreparedbyincipientwetnessimpregnationmethodandwerecharacterizedwithCOpulsechemisorption,BETsurfacemeasurement,oxygenadsorption,ethanol-TPD,NH3-TPD,andTPO.TheSREactivityofthecatalystswithsteam/ethanolmolarratioof3/1wastestedusingacontinuousfixed-bedreactor.StronginteractionbetweenPtandsupportscauseslowerH2productiontemperaturesandnoC2H4formation,whileweakinteractionleadstoC2H4formationandstrongbondedCOonPtparticlesduringethanol-TPD.H2productionoverPt-basedcatalystsismainlyresultedfromthedecompositionanddehydrogenationofethanol,anddecarbonylationofacetaldehyde.Meanwhile,cokecanbeformedfromacetaldehyde,acetone,C2H4andCO.However,whentheinteractionbetweenPtandsupportsisweak,morecokeisformedespeciallyfromacetone,C2H4andCO.Whentheinteractionisstrong,nocokeformationisobservedduetohighoxygenstoragecapacityofthecatalyst.
简介:TheDNA-dependentproteinkinasecatalyticsubunit(DNA-PKcs)playsamajorroleinDNAdamagesignalingandrepair,andisalsofrequentlyover-expressedintumormetastasis.WeusedisogeniccelllinesexpressingdifferentlevelsofDNA-PKcstoinvestigatetheroleofDNA-PKcsinmetastaticdevelopment.Interestingly,ourresultsshowedthatX-rayirradiationinducedthemetastasisofDNA-PKcspositive(M059K)butnotnegative(M059J)cells;however,genisteincouldsuppresstheradiation-inducedmetastaticpotentialofM059Kcells(Fig.1).Theconcretemechanismsunderlyingthisphenomenonwillbeinvestigatednextyear.
简介:ThehighlydispersedPt–ReOX(x≤1)sitesca.0.5nminsizewereformedviaasuccessiveandstronginteractionoftheReprecursorwithtitaniaandthenofthePtcomplexwithdepositedlow-valentrheniumoxideclusters.Thesize,chargeandchemicalcompositionwerecharacterizedbymeansofHRTEM/STEMwithEDXmapping,XPS,andFTIRS.ThesesiteswithRe/Pt=2wereshowntobehighlyactiveandselectiveinthehydrogenationofcarboxylicacidtoalcoholunderverymildconditions(T=130°C,P=50bar).ThereactionrateconstantforthehydrogenationofhexanoicacidincreasedlinearlywiththePtcontent.Asforthehomogeneouspincer-typeRu-organiccomplexes,theactivePt–ReOXsitescandissociateheterolyticallythemolecularhydrogenwiththeformationofhydroxylgroupsandPthydrideforhydrogenationofthecarboxylicgroup.Indeed,TOFof20h-1andselectivityof98%–99%areapproachingthevaluestypicalofhomogeneouscatalysts.Thefirstorderkineticsdescribedwelltheexperimentaldataobtainedinawiderangeofreactionconditions.
简介:Tonguesquamouscellcarcinoma(ToSCC)isthemostcommontypeofheadandnecksquamouscellcarcinomaandisthesixthleadingcauseofcancerdeathsworldwide[1].Inclinicaloncology,radiationtherapyisastandardtreatmentusedfortumors.Numerousstudieshaveshownthatconventionalradiotherapyusedincancertreatmentmayincreasetheriskofmetastasisofmalignanttumorcells[2–4].Toimprovepatientsurvival,thepotentialformetastasisoftumorsinresponsetoradiationneedstobeaddressed.