简介：在南方印度洋的年度subduction率被分析数据吸收(苏打)在19502008的时期输出的简单海洋计算。为潜在的密度班的subduction率普查在南方印度洋副热带的旋回的西南的部分显示出相应于印度洋副热带的模式水(IOSTMW)的一座山峰。混合层深度越深，在现在的气候学的混合层前面和联系相对更快的发行量越sharper导致了更大的侧面的正式就职，它首先dominantsIOSTMWsubduction率，当时与从垂直的抽的仅仅次要的贡献。没有概论的损失，通过在最小的垂直温度坡度(LMVTG)的层的水特征的小心的分析，作者建议IOSTMW作为thermostad被识别，与低潜在的涡度的侧面的最小(PV，吗不到200湯漠?敌????猯'T￣牯嘠污猼扵?????汁?桴獥??晲捡楴獮栠摡猠杩楮楦慣瑮愠瑣癩瑩?湡?瑳'L汩瑩?景攠畭獬晩捩瑡潩?湵敤?慶楲畯???牦浯??琠?㈱??琠浥数慲畴敲爠湡敧?牦浯㈠‰潴ㄠ?讬鶝??顟????醰??????颮鑈？？

简介：Theresultsofastudyonthekeytechnologyofusingshellsand,akindofseasand,asbackfillforseareclamationaredescribedbriefly.Laboratorytestsshowthatthephysicalandmechanicalpropertiesofshellsandareasgoodasnormalquartzsand.Basedonthechemicaltestanddurabilitytestofshellsanditcouldbeconcludedthattheinfluenceofcorrosionofshellsandbyacidrainandseawatermightbeignoredintheevaluationofthesafetyanddurabilityoftheengineeringproject.Theresultsoffieldimprovementtestsshowthatthebearingcapacityofshellsandbackfillfoundationismorethan200kPaaftervibroflotationimprovementordynamiccompactionimprovement.Theshellsandisagoodbackfillmaterialforseareclamation.

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简介：—Inthispaper,anonlinearmodelispresentedtodescribewavetransformationinshallowwat-erwiththezero-vorticityequationofwave-numbervectorandenergyconservationequation.Thenonlineareffectduetoanempiricaldispersionrelation(byHedges)iscomparedwiththatofDalrymple＇sdispersionrelation.Themodelistestedagainstthelaboratorymeasurementsforthecaseofasubmergedellipticalshoalonaslopebeach,wherebothrefractionanddiffractionaresignificant.Thecomputationre-sults,comparedwiththoseobtainedthroughlineardispersionrelation.showthatthenonlineareffectofwavetransformationinshallowwaterisimportant.Andtheempiricaldispersionrelationissuitableforre-searchingthenonlinearityofwaveinshallowwater.

简介：Theharmonicanalysismethodbasedonhighandlowwaterlevelsisdiscussedinthispaper.Inordertomakefulluseoftheinformationofhighandlowwaterobservations(thetimederivativeofwaterlevelattheobservationtimeiszero),theweightcoefficient,w,isintroducedtocontroltheimportanceofthepartrelatedtothisinformationintheerrorformula.Themajordiurnalconstituents,O1andK1,andsemi-diurnalconstituents,N2,M2andS2areselecteddirectlyfromthemonthlydataanalysis,andsomeotherimportantconstituents,P1,v2andK2,areincludedastheinferredconstituents.Theobtainedharmonicconstantsofthemajorconstituentsareveryclosetothoseobtainedfromtheanalysisofhourlydata,andthisshowsthathighandlowwaterdatacanbeusedtoextracttidalconstantswithhighaccuracy.Theanalysisresultalsoshowsthattheinferenceandtheweightingcoefficientareimportantinthehighandlowwaterdataanalysis,anditissuggestedthatw≥1shouldbetakeninmonthlyhighandlowwaterdataanalysis.Thisanalysismethodcanbeuseddirectlytoanalyzealtimetricdatawithw=0.

简介：Principalstressaxesrotationinfluencesthestress-strainbehaviorofsandunderwaveloading.Aconstitutivemodelforsand,whichconsidersprincipalstressorientationandisbasedongeneralizedplasticitytheory,isproposed.Thenewmodel,whichemploysstressinvariantsandadiscretememoryfactorduringreloading,isoriginalbecauseitquantifiesmodelparametersusingexperimentaldata.Foursetsofhollowtorsionexperimentswereconductedtocalibratetheparametersandpredictthecapabilityoftheproposedmodel,whichdescribestheeffectsofprincipalstressorientationonthebehaviorofsand.Theresultsprovetheeffectivenessoftheproposedcalibrationmethod.

简介：Basedonthe1stordercnoidalwavetheory,thewavediffractionaroundthepiergroupinshallowwaterisstudiedinthispaper.Theformulasforcalculatingthenonlinearwaveforcesarealsopresentedhere.Inordertoverifythetheoreticalresults,modeltestsareconductedinthewaveflumeinTheStateKeyLaboratoryofCoastalandOffshoreEngineeringlocatedinDalianUniversityofTechnology.TherangeofthewaveparametersintheexperimentsischaracteristicwaveperiodTg/d1/2=8.08-22.86,characteristicwaveheightH/d=0.10.45.Theresultsobtainedfromtheexperimentsagreewiththetheoreticalresultsquitewell.Itisshownthat,inshallowwaterthenonlinearwaveforcesactingonapiergrouparegreaterthanthosecalculatedbylinearwavetheory,thevalueofincrementinwaveforceincreaseswiththeincreasesofthenonlinearityofthewave.Inthewaverangestudiedinthispaper,thenonlinearwaveforcecanreachover4timestheforcecalculatecdbylinearwavetheory.Thus,itissuggestedthat,whenTg/d1/2>8,thewaveforceonthepiersinthepiergroupinshallowwatershouldbecalculatedbyusingthecnoidalwavetheory.

简介：Thestudyinthispaperisfocusingontrajectoriesofparticlesintheirrotationalprogressivewaterwavescoexistingwithuniformcurrent.TheparametricequationsofparticletrajectoriesoverarangeoflevelsinaLagrangiantypeofdescriptionaredevelopedanalyticallyviatheEuler-Lagrangetransformation.TheLagrangianwaveperiodofparticlemotiondifferingfromtheEulerianwaveperiodandthemasstransportcanalsobeobtaineddirectly.Thethird-ordersolutionofparticletrajectoryexhibitsthattheydonotmoveinclosedorbitalmotionbutrepresentanetmovementthatdecreasesexponentiallywiththewaterdepth.Uniformcurrentisfoundtohavesignificanteffectonthetrajectoriesanddriftvelocityofgravitywaves.Overall,theinfluenceofincreaseduniformcurrentistoincreasetherelativehorizontaldistancetraveledbyaparticle,aswellasthemagnitudeofthetime-averageddriftvelocityonthefreesurface.Foradversecurrentcases,areversebehaviorisfound.Theobtainedthird-ordersolutionssatisfytheirrotationalconditioncontrastedtotheGerstnerwavesandareverifiedbyreducingtothoseoftwo-dimensionalgravitywavesinLagrangiancoordinates.

简介：Basedonthedataobtainedduringthe15thAntarcticExpeditionofChinabetweenNovember1998andFebruary1999,thepaperdiscussesthewatermassesdistributedonbothsidesoftheContinentalWaterBoundary(CWB)aswellasthespacialvariabilityofthephysicalcharacteristicsofthecentrallocation,thefrontalwidth,thefrontalstrength,theverticaldepth,andtheverticalthicknessforCWB,Theaboveresultsarecomparedwiththeresultsfromthedataobtainedduringthe9thAntarcticExpeditionofChinabetweenDecember1992andFebruary1993,andthetemporalvariabiltiyofthosecharacteristicsisdiscussed.Inaddition,theinhomogeneityofthekinematiccharacteristicsandthepattermsofthedynamicheightsforthosewatermasseslocatedonbothsidesofCWBareillustrated.Asitispointedoutinthepaper,thetroughinthedynamicheightfieldisidentifiedwiththefrontallocationofCWBandtheoceaniccurrentshear.Furthermore,thedynamicreasonfortheupwellingofthecircumpolardeepwatercanbeunderstoodbytheexplanationdescribedinthepaper.

简介：Basedonthe1stordercnoidalwavetheory,thenonlinearwavediffractionaroundacircularcylinderinshallowwaterisstudiedinthispaper.Theequationofthewavesurfacearoundthecylinderisformulatedandbyusingthisformulathewavesurfaceelevationonthecylindersurfacecanbeobtained.Inthispaper,theformulaforcalculatingthecnoidalwaveforceonacircularcylinderisalsoderived.Forthewaveconditionswhichareoftenencounteredinpracticalengineeringdesigns,theratiosofthenonlinearwaveforcestothelinearwaveforcesarecalculated,andtheresultsareplottedinthispaperfordesignpurposes.Inordertoverifythetheoreticalresults,modeltestsareconducted.Aftercomparingthetestresultswiththetheoreticalones,itisconcludedthat,inshallowwater,forthecaseofTg/d1/2>8-10andH/d>0.3,thecnoidalwavetheoryshouldbeusedtocalculatethewaveactiononacylindricalpier.

简介：CART(Constituent-orientedageandresidencetimetheory)andPTM(Particle-trackingmethod)aretwowidelyusednumericalmethodstocalculatewaterage.Thesetwomethodsareessentiallyequivalentintheorybuttheirresultsmaybedifferentinpractice.Thedifferenceofthetwomethodswasevaluatedbyapplyingthemtocalculatewaterageinanidealizedone-dimensionaldomain.Themodelresultsbythetwomethodsareconsistentwitheachotherinthecasewitheitherspatiallyuniformflowfieldorspatiallyuniformdiffusioncoefficient.Ifweallowthespatialvariationinhorizontaldiffusion,atermcalledpseudodisplacementarisingfromthespatialvariationofdiffusioncoefficientlikelyplaysanimportantroleforthePTMtoobtainaccuratewaterage.Inparticular,ifthewaterparticleisreleasedataplacewherethediffusionisnottheweakest,thewateragecalculatedbythePTMwithoutpseudodisplacementismuchlargerthanthatbytheCART.ThissuggeststhatthepseudodisplacementcannotbeneglectedinthePTMtocalculatewaterageinarealisticocean.Asanexample,wepresentitspotentialimportanceintheBohaiSeawherethediffusioncoefficientvariesspatiallyandgreatly.

简介：在干旱区域基于“一河一绿洲”的特征，theYerqiang硫，是Xinjiang的最大的灌溉区域，在这篇论文作为一个例子被拿，并且地区性的水发行量模式在盆通过同位素数据的60groups的分析被调查。从不同土壤的井的蒸发数据分析，我们学习井的蒸发的法律，完成地下水的主要消费路径的研究，并且改进水资源的评价精确。地区性的水资源的转变山被计算预言，它在干燥区为水资源评价和分配提供一个科学基础，并且为地区性的水发行量模式的学习提供一个新方法。

简介：Inthevisiblespectrum,theatmosphericattenuationstosunlightmainlyincludeaerosolscattering,atmosphericmoleculeRayleighscatteringandozoneabsorption,whileinthenear-infraredspectrum(from650nmto1000nm),wemusttakewater-vaporabsorptionintoaccount.Basedontheatmosphericcorrectiontheory,usingspectrumirradiancedatameasuredbyInstantaneousGroundspectrometer,ozonecontentmeasuredbyMicrotopsⅡozonemonitor,water-vaporcontentandaerosolopticalthicknessmeasuredbysunphotometer,wegiveanewwaytostudywater-vaporabsorptiontosunlight,andtheresultshowsthatthemainpeakvaluesofwater-vaporabsorptioncoefficientsare0.025cm-1,0.073cm-1,0.124cm-1,0.090cm-1,0.141cm-1and0.417cm-1,whichrespectivelylieat692nm,725nm,761nm,818nm,912nmand937nm.

简介：ThreekindofapplicationofADCPisreportedforlong-termmonitoringincoastalsea.(1)Therourinemonitoringofwaterqualities.ThewaterqualityandADCPechodata(600kHz)observedinthelong-termareanalgzedatMT(MarineTower)StationofKansaiInternationalAirportintheOsakaBay,Japan.Thecorrelationbetweentheturbidityandechointensityinthesurfacelayerisnotgoodbecauseairbubblesgeneratedbybreakingwavearenotdetectedbytheturbiditymeter,butdetectedwellbyADCP.Whenestimatingtheturbidityconsistsofplanktonpopulationfromechointensity,theeffectofbubbleshavetobeeliminated.(2)Monitoringstirringupofbottomsediment.ThespecialobservationwascardedoutbyusingfollowingtwoADCPintheOsakaBay,OneADCPwasinstalledupwardonthesea.TheotherADCPwashangeddownwardatthegatetypestandabout3mabovefromthebottom.Atthespringtide,highechointensitiesindicatingthestirringupofbottomsedimentwereobserved.(3)Themonitoringfortheboundaryconditionofwatermixingatanestuary.Insummerseason,theADCPwassetatthemouthofTanabeBayinWakayamaPrefecture,Japan.Duringtheobservation,watertemperaturenearthebottomshowedremarkablefallswithintervalofabout5～7d.Whenthebottomtemperaturefell,theinflowcurrentwithlowechointensitywaterappearsatthebottomlayerintheADCPrecord.Itisconcludedthatwhenoccasionalweaknortheastwindmakesweakcoastalupwellingatthemouthofthebay,thecombinationofupwellingwithinternaltidalflowcausesremarkablewaterexchangeanddispelstheredtide.

简介：作者在一个居住区域设计了一个生态的暴风雨水系统代替常规地下的隧道让暴风雨水的收集以便减少营养素，沉积排出。这个系统作为解除溢出到附近的溪，一条开的绿沟，一个存储池溏，和naturalsub溪的排水渠道包含自然亚溪。亚溪被设计集成于社区风景，它不仅增加水用法的效率，而且改进在议程21要求了的社区住处区域的美学质量。这研究为一个社区水系统的设计证明了一个开的暴风雨水集合和利用系统的可行性。

简介：一个新kinetic-spectrophotometric方法为铜(II)的决心被建议。方法在弱酸的氧化上基于铜(II)的催化效果由氢的灿烂的蓝染料(RAWL)过氧化物。铜(II)罐头determinedspectrophotometrically由在λ=626nm测量RAWL的吸收度的减少正在使用thefix时间方法。最佳反应条件如下：pH7.20，缓冲区solutionNaOH-KH_2PO_4，RAWL(200mgL~(-1))5.00mL，H_2O_2(30%)0.50mL，反应温度80℃和反应预定20min。这个方法的线性范围在0μgL~之间(-1)和12μgL~(-1)和察觉的限制是0.011μgL~(-1),在五的相对标准差(RSD)为2和8μgL~复制决心(-1)铜(II)是3.2%并且2.3%分别地。二十个离子不介入铜(II)的决心。方法在淡水样品令人满意地被用于铜(II)的决心(从Lijin的自来水和黄河水，山东，中国)并且海水样品(从华南海)，恢复率是98.0%,102.5%并且96.0%分别地。

简介：AfterreviewingtheanalyticaltheoriesofT-Scurve,somemethodsofT-Srelationship,andfuzzysetsforstudyingwatermasses,newmethodsoffittingthemembershipfunctionofoceanicwatermassesarepresentedbasedonthecharacteristicsofT-Scurvefamilyofoceanicwatermasses.ThemembershipfunctionsofoceanicSubsurfaceWaterMasswithhighsalinityandIntermediateWaterMasswithlowsalinityarefittedanddiscussedusingthenewmethods.Theproposedmethodsareusefulinanalyzingthemixingandmodifyingprocessesofthesewatermasses,especiallyintracingtheirsources.Theprinciplesandformulaeofthenewmethodsandexamplesaregiven.

简介：Physicalpropertiesofseawater,suchassalinity,temperature,densityandacousticvelocity,couldbedemarcatedthroughdegradationofenergycausedbywaterabsorption,attenuationandotherfactors.Toovercomethechallengingdifficultiesinthequickmonitoringofthesephysicalproperties,wehaveexploredthehighresolutionmarineseismicsurveytoinstantlycharacterizethem.Basedontheuniquewavefieldpropagatingintheseawater,wehavedevelopedanewapproachtosuppressthenoisecausedbytheshallowseawaterdisturbanceandobtainusefulinformationforestimatingtheseawaterstructure.Thisapproachimprovesseismicdatawithhighsignal-to-noiseratioandresolution.Theseismicreflectionimagingcanmaptheseawaterstructureacoustically.Combinedwiththeknowledgeoflocalwaterbodystructureprofileoveryears,theinstantmodelforpredictingtheseawaterpropertiescouldbebuiltusingtheseismicdataacquiredfromthespeciallydesignedhighprecisionmarineseismicacquisition.Thismodelcanalsobeupdatedwithinstantobservationandthecompletedataprocessingsystem.Thepresentstudyhasthepotentialvaluetomanyapplications,suchas3Dseawatermonitoring,engineeringevaluation,geologicaldisasterassessmentandenvironmentalassessment.

简介：—Thepresentstudyinvestigatestheinteractionofsteepwaveswithsemi-circularbreakwaterwiththecomplexplane＇sCauchyboundaryintegraltheorem.Theboundaryintegralmethodisusedtotransformthecalculationinfluiddomainintoitsboundaryalone.Inthecalculationthecomputationdo-mainismovedwiththepropagationofwaves.AnumericalsolutionisobtainedforincidentStokeswavespassingthesubmergedobstacles.Thismethodhasbeenextendedtothecalculationofwaverun-uponaslopeforestimatingwaveovertopping.