简介：Background:Neighborhoodbuiltenvironmentmayprofoundlyinfluencechildren’sphysicalactivity(PA)andbodyweight.ThisstudysystematicallyreviewedscientificevidenceregardingtheimpactofbuiltenvironmentonPAandobesityamongchildrenandadolescentsinChina.Methods:AkeywordandreferencesearchwasconductedinActiveLivingResearch,CochraneLibrary,PubMed,andWebofScience.Studiesthatmetallofthefollowingcriteriawereincludedinthereview:(1)studydesigns-experimentalstudies,observationalstudies,andqualitativestudies;(2)studysubjects-Chinesechildrenand/oradolescentsaged≤17years;(3)exposures-neighborhoodbuiltenvironment;(4)outcomes-PAand/orbodyweightstatus;(5)articletype-peer-reviewedpublications;(6)timewindowofsearch-fromtheinceptionofanelectronicbibliographicdatabasetoMay31,2018;(7)country-China;and(8)language-articleswritteninEnglish.Results:Atotalof20studies,including16cross-sectionalstudies,3longitudinalstudies,and1descriptivestudy,metthepredeterminedselectioncriteriaandwereincludedinthereview.Atotalof13studiesadoptedsubjectivebuiltenvironmentmeasuresreportedbyparentsand/orchildren,2adoptedobjectivemeasures(e.g.,geographicalinformationsystem,fieldobservations),and5adoptedbothobjectiveandsubjectivemeasures.PAbehaviorsincludedPA,physicalinactivity,sedentarybehavior,active/passivecommutingfrom/toschool,andparkvisits.Amongthe16studiesthatprovidedsomequantitativeestimatesoftheinfluenceofbuiltenvironmentonPAandbodyweightstatus,allreportedastatisticallysignificantrelationshipintheexpecteddirection.Availabilityandaccessibilityinproximitytogreenspaces,parks,recreationalfacilities,andsidewalkswerefoundtobeassociatedwithincreasedPAlevels,reducedsedentarybehaviors,and/oractivecommutingamongChinesechildrenandadolescents.Incontrast,theabsenceofbikelanesandlivinginhigherdensityresidentialareaswer