简介:采用X射线XRD、红外光谱FTIR、扫描电镜SEM、透射电镜TEM等分析手段,研究了十六胺有机膜对羟基磷灰石(HA)晶体结构、形核、晶体形貌和结晶学定向生长的调控作用及其机理.结果表明:无有机膜时,生成物为磷酸八钙(OCP)和羟基磷灰石(HA)的混合物,其生长速率很慢且晶体排列无一定规则;而在十六胺有机膜调控下,生成物为按规则排列、沿〈0001〉定向生长、结晶良好的纳米片状羟基磷灰石晶体,且其形核和生长速度均很快.其原因是:十六胺有机膜上带有的大量极性强、电荷密度高的-NH3基团,通过静电作用在有机膜/溶液界面处形成局域过饱和浓度,促进羟基磷灰石晶体形核;另一方面,十六胺有机膜的二维晶格尺寸与HA(0001)面的晶格参数具有良好的匹配关系,构造了一个有利于HA以(0001)面形核生长的结构框架,从而促进了HA相沿〈0001〉方向定向生长.
简介:DifferentphasesofMg-Li-SmalloyswerepreparedbygalvanostaticelectrolysisinLiCl-KCl-MgCl2-SmCl3meltsat670°C.TheelectrolysisprocessandphasecontrolofMg-Li-Smalloyswerestudied.Themicrostructuresofα,α+β,βphasesofMg-Li-SmalloyswerecharacterizedbyX-raydiffraction(XRD)andopticalmicroscope(OM).Analysisofscanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM)andEDSmappinganalysisshowedthatMgdistributedhomogeneouslyinMg-Li-Smalloys.EDSresultshowedthatthedistributionofSmwasmoreat...
简介:高度取向附生、纯(001)面向的CeO2电影被激光在SrTiO3(001)底层上种没有任何气体的分子的横梁取向附生方法周围。CeO2的Layer-by-layer取向附生的生长模式被证实由在situ思考高精力的电子衍射(RHEED)观察。高分辨率的X光检查衍射(HRXRD)和高分辨率的传播电子显微镜学(HRTEM)结果显示了STO(100)//CeO2(100),STO[100]//CeO2[110]为out-of-plane和在里面飞机的取向附生的关系分别地。取向附生的电影的形成机制也根据一个理论模型被讨论。LMBEceria电影的化学状态被评估并且证实因为Ce3+和氧空缺的存在被介绍。
简介:以粒径53~150μm的WC、Cr3C2(Cr3C2质量分数为10%~40%)和NiCrBSi粉末为原料,采用Stellite等离子转移弧(PTA)堆焊系统在45#钢基体上制备焊层。应用金相显微镜、X-射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、硬度计等设备分析焊层的结构和性能。结果表明:NiCrBSi自熔合金焊层组织由γ-(Ni,Fe)和其间弥散分布的CrB和(Cr,Fe,Ni)7C3相组成;Cr3C2加入后,焊层中出现Cr3C2衍射峰。随Cr3C2含量增加,焊层硬度、孔隙率和耐磨性逐渐提高,Cr3C2含量为30%时,硬度和耐磨性均达到峰值。铸造WC加入后,以WC、W2C为主,并有少量(Cr,Fe,Ni)7C3和(Ni,Cr,W)3C产生。Cr3C2含量为40%的Cr3C2焊层较Ni50A焊层耐磨性提高197.6%,比加入相同含量铸造WC焊层耐磨性提高97.6%。Cr3C2、铸造WC加入后,焊层的磨损机理不同:Cr3C2/Ni属于均匀磨损,WC/Ni属于非均匀磨损。
简介:以纳米Al2O3和纳米Ti(C,N)为主要原料,以Mo和Ni粉等为助烧剂,采用N2气氛保护热压工艺制备Al2O3基复合金属陶瓷模具材料。采用XRD和SEM分析材料的物相组成及微观结构,并测试材料的力学性能。结果表明,当烧结温度为1660℃,纳米Al2O3质量分数为74.5%,纳米Ti(C,N)粉为20%、Mo+Ni粉为5%时,所制备的Al2O3基复合金属陶瓷模具材料性能最佳,其相对密度为98.14%,弯曲强度值为795.98MPa,硬度值为18.52GPa,断裂韧性为8.05MPa·m^1/2。第二相的引入和晶界处Mo+Ni的共同作用,可增强晶界强度,促进沿晶裂纹向穿晶裂纹转变,从而提高材料的力学性能。
简介:采用溶胶喷雾干燥-煅烧还原方法制备超细/纳米W-La2O3复合粉末,将粉末压制成形后在1950℃烧结,制备La2O3弥散强化钨合金,检测合金的密度与强度,并采用SEM对超细粉末形貌、合金的组织结构、断口形貌进行分析,结果表明:随La2O3加入量增加,粉末颗粒显著细化,W-0.7%La2O3复合粉末的粒径仅为0.1μm;制备的W-La2O3超细/纳米复合粉末具有很高的烧结活性,烧结后,合金最高相对密度达到99.1%;La2O3均匀弥散分布于钨晶界,抑制钨合金的晶粒长大,提高材料的强度,W-0.7%La2O3合金中钨平均晶粒尺寸仅为8.7μm,抗弯强度达到548MPa;合金的断裂形式表现为穿晶-沿晶共有的复合断裂形式。
简介:15%Ag-addedcubicperovskitesSr0.9La0.1TiO3andRuddlesden-Popper(RP)phasesSr2.7La0.3Ti2O7werefabricatedviahydrothermalsynthesis,coldpressingandhigh-temperaturesintering.Thestructureandthermoelectricpropertieswerealsoinvestigatedforallsamples.TheresultsindicatedthatAgprecipitatedasasecondphase.AgadditionmadeelectricalconductivityandabsoluteSeebeckcoefficientenhanced,asaresult,theZTvalueswereenhancedbothfortwoseries.Comparedwithcubicperovskite,RPphasewassubjectedtosmallerimpactbyAgaddition.ThereasonsforenhancingZTvalueandthedifferentimpactfortwoseriesbyAgadditionwerealsodiscussed.
简介:采用超音速等离子喷涂法在1045钢表面制备NiCr-Cr3C2涂层,分析涂层的微观结构及化学成分以及涂层的晶粒结构,利用MICROMET-6030显微硬度仪和Nano-test600纳米压痕仪测定涂层的显微硬度与弹性模量,通过油润滑微动摩擦磨损试验测试涂层的微动磨损性能。结果表明,NiCr-Cr3C2涂层为明显的层状结构,具有单晶、纳米多晶与过渡区共存的复杂晶体学结构,显微硬度HV0.3高达998,约为基体材料硬度的3倍,弹性模量为224.6GPa;涂层的微动摩擦因数随载荷增大而减小,随温度升高而增大。喷涂层的抗微动摩擦磨损性能较基体优异,摩擦因数及体积磨损量分别比基体降低36.7%和55.6%。涂层的磨损机理以磨粒磨损和疲劳剥落为主。
简介:YbAl3(BO3)4crystalofgoodopticalqualitywasgrownbythefluxmethod.ThestructureofYbAl3(BO3)4crystalwasdeterminedbysingle-crystalX-raydiffraction.TheexperimentshowsthatYbAl3(BO3)4belongstothedoubleborateswithatrigonalstructure.ThespacegroupisR32anditsunitcellconstantsweremeasuredtobea=0.92965nm,c=0.72129nm,V=0.53673nm3,Z=3.Thetransmittancespectraweremeasured.Thecut-offofYbAl3(BO3)4crystalis216nm,andtherearetwoabsorptionpeakslocatedat940and975nmfrom190nmto2600nm.ThethermalpropertiesofYbAl3(BO3)4crystalwerestudiedforthefirsttime.Theaveragethermalexpansioncoefficientsweredeterminedtobe2×10-6/℃,9.5×10-6/℃alonga-andc-direction.ThespecificheatofYbAl3(BO3)4crystalwasmeasuredtobe0.6695J·(g·℃)-1atroomtemperature.AllresultsindicatethattheYbAl3(BO3)4crystalisanexcellentstoichioimetriclasermaterial.
简介:Er3+-Tm3+-Yb3+tri-dopedBaMoO4phosphorsweresynthesizedbyco-precipitationtechniqueandcharacterizedbyX-raydiffractionanalysis,absorptionstudyandfieldemissionscanningelectronmicroscopyanalysis.Upconversionaswellasdownconversionluminescencestudieswereperformedbyusingnearinfrared(980nm)andultraviolet(380nm)excitations.Energyleveldiagram,pumppowerdependenceandcolourcoordinatestudywereutilizedtodescribethemulticolorupconversionemissionproperties.Undersingle980nmdiodelaserexcitationthedualmodesensingbehaviourisrealizedviaStarksublevelsandthermallycoupledenergylevelsoftheTm3+andEr3+ionsinthepreparedtri-dopedphosphors.AcomparativefluorescenceintensityratioanalysisforintegratedemissionintensitiesarisingfromtheStarksublevels{1G4(a)and1G4(b)}andthermallycoupledenergylevels{2H11/2and4S3/2}oftheTm3+andEr3+ions,respectivelywascarriedoutinthepreparedtri-dopedBaMoO4phosphors.ThemaximumsensitivityforthermallycoupledenergylevelsoftheEr3+andStarksublevelsoftheTm3+ionwasreported.Thedevelopedphosphorscouldbeusefulinthedisplaydevicesandopticalthermometricapplications.
简介:本文采用高温团相反应合成TCaTiO3∶Pr3+红色发光材料、报道了Pr3+激活的CaTiO3的光谱特征及长余辉特性,并与CaS∶Eu的光谱特性及长余辉进行了比较。CaTiO3∶Pr3+将是一种具有广泛用途的新材料
简介:Eu3+activatedSr1–xEuxZrO3(x=0.01–0.04)phosphorwithperovskitestructurewassuccessfullysynthesizedbyusingcombustionmethod.Thestructure,morphologyandopticalpropertiesofthematerialwerecharacterizedbyX-raydiffraction,scanningelectronmicroscopyandfluorescencespectrometry.TheXRDresultsindicatedthatcrystalsofSrZrO3:Eu3+belongstotetragonalperovskitesystem.ThephosphorcouldbeeffectivelyexcitedbyUVlightandtheemissionspectraresultsindicatedthatreddish-orangeluminescenceofSrZrO3:Eu3+duetomagneticdipoletransition5D0→7F1at593nmwasdominant.Thus,thepreparedphosphorshowedremarkableluminescentpropertieswhichfindapplicationsinfieldemissiondisplay(FED)andplasmadisplaypanel(PDP)devices.
简介:通过溶胶-凝胶法结合光催化还原法制备掺Mo^6+附Ag的TiO2纳米颗粒,并在可见光下对酸性大红3R进行降解实验,研究其在可见光下的催化活性,并与纯TiO2、仅掺Mo^6+或仅附Ag的TiO2进行对比。进一步讨论在可见光照射下掺杂量、焙烧温度等因素对掺Mo^6+附Ag纳米TiO2降解性能的影响。结果表明:可见光下Ag/Mo6+/TiO2比纯TiO2、仅掺Mo6+或仅附Ag的TiO2显示出更高的活性,这是因为金属Mo6+的掺杂和贵金属银的沉积使二氧化钛的吸收带边发生红移,拓宽了可见光的响应范围;Ag/Mo^6+/TiO2催化剂的催化活性最高时的Mo^6+掺杂量为4.5%,银的附着量为2%。焙烧温度为500℃,这种掺Mo6+附Ag纳米TiO2对酸性大红3R的降解率可达87.6%.
简介:ThisstudyresearchestheeffectsoftherefiningtreatmentonthemicrostructureandthemechanicalpropertiesofH13mandrelsteelandcomparestheseeffectswiththoseoftheconventionaltreatment.Theresultsindicatethatbothcarbideparticlesandgrainswererefined,carbideparticleswereuniformlydistributedbytherefiningtreatment,andtherefore,thestrengthandtoughnessofH13mandrelsteelwereimproved.Rapidcoolingafterthesolutiontreatmentmayinhibitintra-granularprecipitationofcarbideparticles,whichisfavorabletoenhancingtoughness.Consequently,high-performanceH13mandrelsteelcanbeproducedbyproperrefiningtreatment.