简介：ObjectiveToassesstheutilityoflow-andhigh-frequencytympanometryinthediagnosisofmiddleeardysfunctioninChineseinfants.MethodsTympanogramswereobtainedwith226Hz,678Hzand1000Hzprobetonesfrominfantsaged5-25weekswithnormalauditorybrainstemresponses(ABRs)(15infants,30ears)andwithprolongedwaveIlatencies(17infants,20ears),suggestingmiddleeardysfunction,usingaGSITympstarmiddleearanalyzerVersionII.ResultsThesingle-peakedtympanogramwasthemostcharacteristictypeinbothgroupsandseenin25ears(83.3%)inthenormalABRgroupandin18ears(90%)inthedelayedwaveIgroup,respectively.Thepeakpressure,peakcompensatedstaticacousticadmittanceandgradientof226Hztympanometrywereofnosignificantdifferencesbetweenthetwogroups.The678Hztympanogramsofadmittance,susceptanceandconductancedemonstratednon-peak,single-,double-andtri-peakedpatternsinbothgroups.TheagreementbetweenABRsand678Hztympanogramsofadmittance,susceptanceandconductancewere70.0%,58.0%and64.0%(kappa=0.324,0.234and0.118)respectively.For1000Hzprobetone,admittance,susceptanceandconductancetympanogramsshowedsinglepeakedpatternsin28(93.3%),25(83.3%)and26(86.7%)ofthe30normalears.Admittance,susceptanceandconductancetympanogramsusingthe1000Hzprobetonewereflatin15(75%),17(85%)and13(65%)oftheearsininfantswithprolongedwaveIlatencies.For1000Hzadmittance,susceptanceandconductanceTympanograms,theagreementbetweentympanometryandABRresultswere90.0%,92.0%and86.0%withkappaat0.783,0.831and0.690,respectively.Conclusion1000Hzprobetonetympanometryisapromisingmiddleearfunctiontestforinfantsof1-6monthsage,while226Hzand678Hzprobetonesarelessefficientindetectingmiddleeardysfunctionininfants.

简介：Althoughstimulusfrequencyotoacousticemissions(SFOAEs)havebeenusedasanon-invasivemeasureofcochlearmechanics,clinicalandexperimentalapplicationofSFOAEshasbeenlimitedbydifficultiesinaccuratelyderivingquantitativeinformationfromsoundpressuremeasuredintheearcanal.Inthisstudy,anovelsignalprocessingmethodformulticomponentanalysis(MCA)wasusedtomeasuretheamplitudeanddelayoftheSFOAE.Thisreportshowsthedelay-frequencydistributionoftheSFOAEmeasuredfromthehumanear.AlowlevelacousticalsuppressorneartheprobetonesignificantlysuppressedtheSFOAE,stronglyindicatingthattheSFOAEwasgeneratedatcharacteristicfrequencylocations.Informationderivedfromthismethodmayrevealmoredetailsofcochlearmechanicsinthehumanear.

简介：Manypatientswithsensorineuralhearinglosshaveaprecipitoushigh-frequencylosswithrelativelygoodthresholdsinthelowfrequencies.Thispresentpaperbrieflyintroducesandcomparesthebasicprinciplesoffourtypesoffrequencyloweringalgorithmswithemphasisonnonlinearfrequencycompression(NLFC).AreviewoftheeffectsoftheNLFCalgorithmonspeechandmusicperceptionandsoundqualityappraisalisthenprovided.Forvowelperception,itseemsthatthebenefitsprovidedbyNLFCarelimited,whichareprobablyrelatedtotheparametersettingsofthecompression.Forconsonantperception,severalstudieshaveshownthatNLFCprovidesimprovedperceptionofhighfrequencyconsonantssuchas/s/and/z/.However,afewotherstudieshavedemonstratednegativeresultsinconsonantperception.Intermsofsentencerecognition,persistentuseofNLFCmightprovideimprovedperformance.Comparedtotheconventionalprocessing,NLFCdoesnotalterthespeechsoundqualityappraisalandmusicperceptionaslongasthecompressionsettingisnottooaggressive.Inthesubsequentsection,therelevantfactorswithregardtoNLFCsettings,time-courseofacclimatization,listenercharacteristics,andperceptualtasksarediscussed.AlthoughtheliteratureshowsmixedresultsontheperceptualefficacyofNLFC,thistechniqueimprovedcertainaspectsofspeechunderstandingincertainhearing-impairedlisteners.LittleresearchisavailableonspeechperceptionoutcomesinlanguagesotherthanEnglish.MoreclinicaldataareneededtoverifytheperceptualefficacyofNLFCinpatientswithprecipitoushigh-frequencyhearingloss.Suchknowledgewillhelpguideclinicalrehabilitationofthosepatients.

简介：ThisstudywasperformedtoassesswhetherthereisanassociationbetweenelevatedFastingBloodGlucose(FBG)andhearingimpairmentinBangladeshipopulation.Atotalof142subjects(72withelevatedFBG;70control)wereincludedinthestudy.Themeanauditorythresholdsofthecontrolsubjectsat1,4,8and12kHzfrequencieswere6.35±0.35,10.07±0.91,27.57±1.82,51.28±3.01dBSPL(decibelsoundpressurelevel),respectivelyandthatofthesubjectswithelevatedFBGwere8.33±0.66,14.37±1.14,38.96±2.23,and71.11±2.96dB,respectively.TheauditorythresholdsofthesubjectswithelevatedFBGweresignificantly(p<0.05)higherthanthecontrolsubjectsatalltheabovefrequencies,althoughhearingimpairmentwasmostevidentlyobservedatanextra-high(12kHz)frequency.Subjectswithalongdurationofdiabetes(>10years)showedsignificantly(p<0.05)higherlevelofauditorythresholdsat8and12kHz,butnotat1and4kHzfrequencies,comparedtosubjectswithshorterdurationofdiabetes(
10years).Inaddition,basedonthedataofoddsratio,moreacuteimpairmentofhearingattheextra-highfrequencywasobservedindiabeticsubjectsofbotholder(>40years)andyounger(
40years)agegroupscomparedtotherespectivecontrols.Thebinarylogisticregressionanalysisshoweda5.79-foldincreaseintheoddsofextra-highfrequencyhearingimpairmentindiabeticsubjectsafteradjustmentforage,genderandBMI.Thisstudyprovidesconclusiveevidencethatauditorythresholdatanextra-highfrequencycouldbeasensitivemarkerforhearingimpairmentindiabeticsubjects.