简介：在叶绿素的空间分布上学习水道学的因素的效果一(Chl一)，调查在热带东方印度洋被执行(80栠杩敨瑳瘠污敵?瑡删来潩?我

简介：ＩｎｔｅｒａｃｔｉｏｎｏｆｔｈｅＫｕｒｏｓｈｉｏｗａｔｅｒａｎｄｓｈｅｌｆｗａｔｅｒｉｎｔｈｅＴｓｕｓｈｉｍａＣｕｒｒｅｎｔｒｅｇｉｏｎｉｎｓｕｍｍｅｒＧｕｏＢｉｎｇｈｕｏ，１Ｈｅｕｎｇ－ＪａｅＬｉｅ２ａｎｄＪａｅＨａｋＬｅｅ２（ＲｅｃｅｉｖｅｄＳｅ...

简介：AnalternativeindexfortheonsetofsummermonsoonovertheSouthChinaSea(SCS)hasbeendesignedbasedonthereanalysisdataoftheNationalCentersforEnvironmentalPrediction-NationalCenterforAtmosphericResearch(NCEP/NCAR).ItisfoundthatthedifferencebetweenthegeopotentialthicknessoverGuangzhouandManilacanbeusedasanalternativeindexfortheonsetofsummermonsoonovertheSCS.SincetheconvectiveheatingaltersthegeopotentialheightandthedistancebetweenGuangzhouandManilaisofsynopticscaleinthegeostraphicframework,theindexcanrepresentthestrengthofheatingandthefirstbarocliniccellovertheSCS.Bycomparisonbetweendifferentindices,itisfoundthatthesummermonsoononsetovertheSCScanbeascertainedbytheverticalzonalwindshearbetween200hPaand850hPa,thezonalwindat850hPa,theOLRanomaly,andthealternativeindexdefinedinthepresentpaper.Themeridionalwindshearbetween200hPaand850hPaalwaysappearsovertheSCSmuchearlierthanthezonalwindshearandcannotbeusedasanindexunderconsideration.

简介：Theoperationalclimateforecastsystem(CFS)oftheUSNationalCentersforEnvironmentalPredictionprovidesclimatepredictionsovertheworld,andCFSproductsarebecominganimportantsourceofinformationforregionalclimatepredictionsinmanyAsiancountrieswheremonsoonclimatedominates.Recentstudieshaveshownthat,onmonthly-to-seasonaltime-scales,theCFSishighlyskillfulinsimulatingandpredictingthevariabilityoftheAsianmonsoon.Thehigher-frequencyvariabilityoftheAsiansummermonsoonintheCFSisanalyzed,usingoutputfromaversionwithaspectraltriangulartruncationof126wavesinhorizontaland64sigmalayersinvertical,focusingonsynoptic,quasi-biweekly,andintraseasonaltime-scales.TheonsetprocessesofdifferentregionalmonsooncomponentswereinvestigatedwithinAsia.AlthoughtheCFSgenerallyoverestimatesvariabilityofmonsoononthesetime-scales,itsuccessfullycapturesmanymajorfeaturesofthevariancepatterns,especiallyforthesynoptictime-scale.TheCFSalsocapturesthetimingofsummermonsoononsetsoverIndiaandtheIndo-ChinaPeninsula.However,itencountersdifficultiesinsimulatingtheonsetoftheSouthChinaSeamonsoon.ThesuccessandfailureoftheCFSinsimulatingtheonsetofmonsoonprecipitationcanalsobeseenfromtheassociatedfeaturesofsimulatedatmosphericcirculationprocesses.Overall,theCFSiscapableofsimulatingthesynoptic-to-intraseasonalvariabilityoftheAsiansummermonsoonwithskills.Asforseasonal-to-interannualtime-scalesshownpreviously,themodelisexpectedtopossessapotentialforskillfulpredictionsofthehigh-frequencyvariabilityoftheAsianmonsoon.

简介：FromJuly23rdtoAugust15th,2001,afieldcultivationexperimentwascarriedouttodeterminethelimitationfactorsofphytoplanktonintheYangtzeRiverestuaryandtheadjacentareas.TheresultsindicatedthatthepotentiallimitingnutrientwasphosphorusintheYangtzeRiverdilutedwaterarea,nitrogenintheoffshoreoftheYangtzeRiverestuaryandtheconversionofphosphorustonitrogeninthemiddlearea.Ironandsiliconwerenotthepotentiallimitingfactors.Ifthereweresomekindsoflimitingfactorsinthewater,thegrowthofphytoplanktonwouldbelimitedobviously.Incaseofdisappearanceofthelimitingfactor,thephytoplanktonwouldgrowfast.WhentheNoctilucascintiuansbloomoccurred,thephytoplanktonbiomasslevelwasverylowinashorttimeduetothegrazingpressure.Whenthegrazingpressuredisappeared,thephytoplanktonwouldgrowquicklyinabundantnutrientscondition.

简介：海洋的生物多样性响应改变的物理环境，随后的生态的变化以及人为的骚乱正在变化。在这研究，在situ的浮游植物样品在1999和2010的7月在Bering海收集了被分析获得在浮游植物社区动力学的这十年，和关联的开始和结束之间的浮游植物社区结构和空间时间的变化，环境因素被调查。5个部门，58个类和属于3个生态的组的浮游植物的153种类的一个总数被识别。绝大多数浮游植物为66.7%全部的种类和95.2%全部的丰富由硅藻财务组成了。就在空间程度和浮游植物样品类型的区别而言，在种类作文有微妙的变化，在在二之间的空间分发的在丰富和重要变化的大改变调查。当潜水艇山峰在Bering海盆被发现时，丰富山峰区域在白令海峡被定位。北方适度的硅藻是主导的植物群，它被广温性、寒冷水的硅藻随后代替。在Bering海的浮游植物社区不是一个单一的一致社区，但是深海洋的集合和浅海的集合创作了。深海洋的集合位于西北的太平洋和Bering海盆，由北方适度的种类统治了(Neodenticulaseminae，Thalassiothrixlongissima，Amphiprora严寒，Chaetocerosatlanticus，Thalassiosiratrifulta，等等)并且散布很广的种类(Thalassionemanitzschioides，Ch。compressus，Rhizosoleniastyliformis，等等)，并且由低丰富，甚至interspecies丰富分配，多样的主导的种类和高种类差异描绘了。浅海的集合在大陆人架和Bering海的斜坡上被散布并且主要由寒冷水的种类组成(Th。nordenski?ldii，Ch。furcellatus，Ch。socialis，Bacteriosirafragilis，等等)并且广温性、能在不同盐分之环的种类(L。danicus，Ch。curvisetus，Coscinodiscuscurvatulus，等等)，并且它被高丰富，不平的interspecies分配，突出的主导的种类和低种类差异描绘。在Bering海的种类作文和许多浮游植物的空间时间的变化被表�

简介：Onthebasisofdataofdriftingbottles'tracksandthecurrentmeasuredinanchoredstations,aswellastemperatureandsalinityobservedincruiseinvestigationsandcoastalstations,ADCPcurrentdataandAVHRRsurfaceseatemperature(SST)dataonthewesterncoastofGuangdong,syntheticresultsofanalysisshowedthatthecoastalcurrentsinthewestofthemouthoftheZhujiangRiverweremainlywestwardinsummer,whichconstitutedthenorthbranchofcyclonicgyreintheeastoftheQiongzhouStraits.PartofitswaterflowedwestwardintotheBeibuGulfthroughtheQiongzhouStraits.ThecoastalcurrentpatternwasnotidenticalwiththetraditionalcurrentsystemwhichflowedwestwardintheQiongzhouStraitsinwinterandeastwardinsummer.Thesummertime'scoastalcurrentwasalwayswestward,maybetemporarilyturningnortheastonlywhenthesouthwestwindwasstrong.TheimportantcharacteristicsofcoastalcurrentonthewesterncoastofGuangdong,intheQiongzhouStraitsandinthenorthoftheBeibuGulfwereanalyzedandtheirmechanismsalsowereexplained.

简介：ThepentadaverageminimumoutgoingIongwaveradiation(OLR)dataoverthenorthernSouthChinaSea(SCS)areselectedasindexestoanalyzetheintensityoftheconvectionconnectedwiththeSCSmonsoononset.StatisticanalysisdemonstratesthattheindexcanaccountfortheintensityoftheSCSmonsoonabout,atleast,75%.Asignificantnegativecorrelation(confidentlevelover90%)betweenShandong'ssummerrainfallandtheindexisfoundonlyintheperiodof24-26pentadsandlimitedtotheareaabovethedeeperwaterbasinoftheSCS(10°-20°N,110°-117.5°E).ThustheminimumOLRoverthedeeperwaterbasinduring24-26pentadscanbeusedasavaluablepredictorforthelong-leadforecastoftheprecipitation.The500hPageopotentialheightdataintheNorthernHemispherefortheperiodfrom1951to2000areusedinordertocharacterizethephysicalmechanismsinvolved.Thecompositeanomaliesofthe500hPalevelallowfortheidentificationanddetectionoftheteleconnectionoftheEastAsia-NorthAmerica(EAP)patternthatisresponsibletosomeextentfortheinterannualvariabilityoftheprecipitationofShandongProvince.Besides,theinterannualdifferencesoftheintraseasonalvariations(ISV)ofOLRandtheirnorthwardtransmissionprobablymakeacontributiontothepositionofthesubtropicalhighwhichisvitalforthesummerrainfallintheprovince.

简介：Lethaltemperaturetolerancewasdeterminedforabout8cm,age0Pseudosciaenacroceausingbothslowheatingandrapidtransferprotocol.Theacclimatizationtemperaturewas28℃withsummerseason,lethaltemperature(LT50value)ofslowheatingprotocol(CTMax)was35.0℃,andtheupperandlowerincipientlethaltemperaturesofrapidtransferprotocolwere34.2℃and17.5℃respectively.

简介：InvestigationsofchlorophyllaandprimaryproductivitywerecarriedoutintheBeringSeaalongtheBRlineandtheBSlineduringtheSecondChineseNationalArcticResearchExpeditioninthesummerof2003.Theresultsshowedthatthesurfacechlorophyllaconcentrationswere0.199～1.170μg/dm3,andtheaveragevaluewas0.723μg/dm3ontheBRline.FortheBSline,thesurfacechlorophyllaconcentrationswere0.519～4.644μg/dm3(average1.605μg/dm3)and0.568～14.968μg/dm3(average5.311μg/dm3)duringtheearlyandlatesummer,respectively.Theaveragevalueinthelatesummerwasmuchhigherthanthatintheearlysummer.Thehighvalues(morethan4.0μg/dm3)occurredatstationsoftheBSlineinthesouthernBeringStrait.Thechlorophyllaconcentrationsinthesubsurfacelayerwerehigherthanthoseinthesurfacelayer.Theresultsofthesize-fractionatedchlorophyllashowedthatthecontributionofthepicoplanktontototalchlorophyllawasthepredominanceattheearlysummerandthecontributionofthenetplanktonwasthepredominanceatthelatesummer.Thecarbonpotentialprimaryproductivitiesvariedbetween0.471and1.147mg/(m3·h)ontheBRline,withaverageratesof0.728mg/(m3·h).TheprimaryproductivitiesontheBSlineweremuchhigherthanthoseoftheBRline,rangingfrom1.227mg/(m3·h)attheearlysummerto19.046mg/(m3·h)atthelatesummer.Theresultsof1.147mg/(m3·h)ontheBRline,withaverageratesof0.728mg/(m3·h).TheprimaryproductivitiesontheBSlineweremuchhigherthanthoseoftheBRline,rangingfrom1.227mg/(m3·h)attheearlysummerto19.046mg/(m3·h)atthelatesummer.Theresultsofthesize-fractionatedprimaryproductivityshowedthatthecontributionofthenanoplanktontototalproductivitywasthepredominanceattheearlysummerandthecontributionofthenetplanktonwaspredominanceatthelatesummer.Theassimilationnumberofphotosynthesiswas0.45～2.80mg/(mg·h)inthesurveyedstations.

简介：Basedonthemonthlymeansealeveldataobtainedfrom3years′(1999-2001)tide-gaugemeasurements,theannualvariabilityofthesealevelnearQingdaoandJiaozhouBayisstudiedanddiscussedinthispaper.Resultsshowthattheseasurfaceheightatallthetidegaugesbecomeshigherinsummerthanthatinwinter,withanobviousseasonalvariability.Furthermoretheseasurfaceheightmeasuredatashortdistanceoutsidethebayislowerthanthatinthebay,showingaseasurfaceslopedownwardfromnorthtosouth.Thereasonsfortheformationoftheslopeareexplainedaswell,Thedynamicactionofthesummermonsoonandtheseasurfaceslope,andtheireffectsonthemonthlymeancurrentarestudiedbymeansofdynamicsprinciples.Theimportanceofthesummermonsoonandthepressuregradientgeneratedbytheseasurfaceslope,withtheireffectsonthealongshorecurrent,ispointedoutandemphasizedinthispaper.

简介：RelativerolesofEkmantransportandEkmanpumpingindrivingsummerupwellingintheSouthChinaSea(SCS)areexaminedusingQuikSCATscatterometerwinddata.ThemajorupwellingregionsintheSCSarethecoastalregionseastandsoutheastofVietnam(UESEV),eastandsoutheastofHainanIsland(UESEH),andsoutheastofGuangdongprovince(USEG).ItisshownthattheEkmantransportduetoalongshorewindsandEkmanpumpingduetooffshorewindstresscurlplaydifferentrolesinthethreeupwellingsystems.InUESEV,EkmanpumpingandEkmantransportareequallyimportantingeneratingupwelling.TheEkmantransportincreaseslinearlyfrom0.49SvinMayto1.23SvinAugust,whiletheEkmanpumpingincreasesfrom0.36to1.22Svduringthesameperiod.InUESEH,themeanestimatesofEkmantransportandEkmanpumpingare0.14and0.07Sv,respectively,indicatingthat33%ofthetotalwind-drivenupwellingisduetoEkmanpumping.InUSEG,themeanEkmantransportis0.041SvwiththepeakoccurringinJuly,whileEkmanpumpingismuchsmaller(0.003onaverage),indicatingthattheupwellinginthisareaisprimarilydrivenbyEkmantransport.Inthesummersof2003and2007followingElNio-SouthernOscillation(ENSO)events,bothEkmantransportandEkmanpumpingdecreaseinUESEVduetotheabnormallyweaksouthwestmonsoon.Duringthesameevents,however,EkmantransportisslightlyenhancedandEkmanpumpingisweakenedinUESEHandUSEG.

简介：Thepollutionconditionofpetroleumhydrocarbon(PH)wassummarizedintheBohaiSeainthispaper.TheresultsshowedthatthemeanconcentrationofPHwas(25.7±13.6)mg/m3,varyingfrom4.4to64.8mg/m3inthesurveyseaarea.LaizhouBayandBohaiBayhavebeencontaminatedbadlyinshore.ThedynamicmodelfordistributionofmarinePHamongmultiphaseenvironmentsintheBohaiSeahasbeenestablished.Theenvironmentalcapacities(ECo)andsurplusenvironmentalcapacities(SECo)ofPHhavebeenestimatedintheBohaiSeaaccordingtothedynamicmodel.TheresultsshowedthattheECoseparatelywereabout29169t/a,177306t/aand298446t/aunderthefirst,secondandthird,fourthclassseawaterqualitystandardsrequirement.AndtheECoofBohaiBay,LiaodongBay,LaizhouBayandCentralBohaiSeawereabout5255t/a,8869t/a,4889/aand10156t/arespectivelyunderthefirstandsecondclassseawaterqualitystandardsrequirement.

简介：Thecontentsoftotalcopper,totaldissolvedcopper,particulatecopper,andfreeioncopperintheZhujiangRiverEstuarywereinvestigatedinJuly2002andJanuary2003respectively,andthespatialdistributiontrendofthesespeciesofcopperwerecomparedintwocruises.Itwasfoundthat,insummer,thetotalcoppercontentintheZhujiangRiverEstuaryincreasedwithsalinity,whilethecontentoffreeioncopperdecreasedwithsalinity.However,inwinter,thecontentsoftotalcopperandfreeioncopperbothdecreasedwithsalinity.So,itcouldbeconcludedthat,coppercontentandspeciationintheZhujiangRiverEstuarywereregulatedbyotherfactorsthanrunoffdiffusionsuchasupwellingcurrent.InordertoprovethespatialtrendoffreeioncoppercontentintheZhujiangRiverEstuary,thecultivationofDunaliellatertiolectainwatersobtainedfromsamplingstationswithdifferentsalinitieswascarriedout,andthecopperuptakebyalgaecellswasmeasuredthen.Itwasfoundthat,thecells'uptakeofcopperincreasedwithfreeioncopper,notthecontentoftotalcopper.

简介：ThisstudyexaminesthemodulationoftropicalcyclogenesisovertheSouthChinaSea(SCS)bytheElNio-SouthernOscillation(ENSO)Modokiduringtheborealsummer.Resultsrevealthatthereweremoretropicalcyclones(TCs)formedovertheSCSduringcentralPacificwarmingyearsandlessTCfrequencyduringcentralPacificcoolingyears.Howdifferentenvironmentalfactors(includinglow-levelrelativevorticity,mid-levelrelativehumidity,verticalwindshear,andpotentialintensity)contributetothisinfluenceisinvestigated,usingagenesispotential(GP)indexdevelopedbyEmanuelandNolan.CompositeanomaliesoftheGPindexareproducedforcentralPacificwarmingandcoolingyearsseparately,whichcouldaccountforthechangesofTCfrequencyovertheSCSindifferentENSOModokiphases.Thedegreeofcontributionbyeachfactorisdeterminedquantitativelybyproducingcompositesofmodifiedindicesinwhichonlyoneofthecontributingfactorsvaries,withtheotherssettoclimatology.Theresultssuggestthattheverticalwindshearandlow-levelrelativevorticity,whichareassociatedwiththeENSOModoki-inducedanomalouscirculationsinMatsuno-Gillpatterns,makethelargestcontributionstotheENSOModokimodulationoftropicalcyclogenesisovertheSCSasimpliedbytheGPindex.TheseresultshighlighttheimportantrolesofdynamicfactorsinthemodulationofTCfrequencyovertheSCSbytheENSOModokiduringtheborealsummer.

简介：

简介：TheSouthChinaSea(SCS)andtheArabianSea(AS)arebothlocatedroughlyinthenorthtropicalzonewitharangeofsimilarlatitude(0°–24°N).Monsoonwindsplaysimilarrolesintheupperoceaniccirculationsofthebothseas.Butthedistinctpatternsofchlorophylla(Chla)concentrationareobservedbetweentheSCSandtheAS.TheChlaconcentrationintheSCSisgenerallylowerthanthatintheASinsummer(June–August);thesummerChlaconcentrationintheASshowsstrongerinterannualvariation,comparedwiththatintheSCS;Moderateresolutionimagingspectroradiometer(MODIS)-deriveddatapresenthigheratmosphericaerosoldepositionandstrongerwindspeedintheAS.Andithasalsobeenfoundthatgoodcorrelationsexistbetweentheindexofthedustprecipitationindicatedbyaerosolopticalthickness(AOT)andtheChlaconcentration,orbetweenwindandChlaconcentration.TheseimplythatthewindandthedustprecipitationbringmorenutrientsintotheASfromthesky,thesub-layerorcoastregions,inducinghigherChlaconcentration.TheresultsindicatethatthewindvelocityandthedustprecipitationcanplayimportantrolesintheChlaconcentrationfortheASandtheSCSinsummer.HoweveraerosolimpactisweakonthebiologicalproductivityinthewestSCSandwind-inducedupwellingisthemainsource.

简介：appendicularians上的桡脚类的动物的潜在的抑制在领域和试验性的条件里被发现。appendicularians和planktonic桡脚类的动物的丰富和分发在华南海(SCS)的西北大陆人架上在夏天期间与他们的关联的参考被学习。基于地形学和调查区域的水质量，它被划分成三个分区：区域我(东方Leizhou半岛的沿海的水)与低温度，咸度和高叶绿素一(Chl一)集中，有低温度的区域II(东方的沿海的水和东南海南岛)，高咸度和中等Chl集中和区域III(近海从Leizhou半岛流水到海南岛)与高温度，高咸度和低Chl集中。appendicularians和桡脚类的动物的种类丰富增加了从对沿海近海水，和高价值在区域III被观察。appendicularian和桡脚类的动物丰富的分发通常减少了从对沿海近海水，与最高的价值在区域我。我们的结果建议appendicularians和桡脚类的动物的分发模式显著地不同，由于物理、生物的因素的影响。appendicularians上的远洋的桡脚类的动物的否定影响没被发现基于在在SCS的西北大陆人架中的situ数据。

简介：在XiamenWestern海湾的浮游植物社区结构的空间变化在海藻的房间并且CHEMTAX处理颜料数据基于光合的颜料的HPLC分析在在2001的夏天和秋天巡航期间被调查。Chl集中到达了18.9湩

简介：AimtolinkingthevariabilityofdroughtinnorthwestChinatotheoceanicinfluenceofNorthAtlanticSSTsatthebackgroundofglobalwarmingandattheregionalclimatechangeshiftingstages,yeararidityindexvariationsinnorthwestChinaandsummerNorthAtlanticseasurfacetemperature(SST)variationsareexaminedforthe44aperiodof1961-2004usingsingularvaluedecomposition(SVD)analysis.ResultsshowthattheSSTanomalies(SSTA)intheNorthAtlanticinsummerreflectedthreebasicmodels.ThefirstSVDmodeofSSTpatternshowsadipole-likevariationwiththepositivecenterlocatedatsouthwestandnegativecenteratnortheastofextratropicalNorthAtlantic.AnditstronglyrelatestothepositivetrendinAIvariationinnorthwestChina.ThesecondcoupledmodesdisplaythecoherentpositiveanomaliesinextratropicalNorthAtlanticSSTandthemarkedoppositetrendofAIvariabilitybetweennorthandsouthofXinjiang.Inaddition,thelagcorrelationanalysisofthefirstmodeofSSTAandgeopotentialheightsat500hPavariationsalsoshowsthattheindicationoftheformerinfluencingthelatterconfiguration,whichresultinhigherairtemperatureandlessprecipitationwhentheSSTAintheNorthAtlanticOceaninsummermotivatedEurasiancirculationofEApattern,furthertoinfluencethewet-dryvariationsinnorthwestChinabytheocean-to-atmosphereforcing.