简介:Therelationshipbetweentheauroralovalpattern,i.e.,location,size,shape,andintensity,andtheauroralelectrojetactivityindex(AEindex)isstudied.Itisfoundthatthemaximalauroralintensityisellipticallydistributed,andthelengthsofsemimajorandsemiminoraxesarepositivelycorrelatedtoAE.TheintensityalongthenormaloftheauroralovalcanbesatisfyinglydescribedbyaGaussiandistribution,andthemaximumandthefullwidthathalfmaximumoftheGaussiandistributionarebothpositivelycorrelatedtoAE.Basedonthesestatisticalresults,aseriesofexperimentalformulasasafunctionofAEaredevelopedtocalculatethelocation,size,shape,andintensityoftheauroraloval.TheseformulasarevalidatedbytheauroralimagesreleasedbySWPC/NOAA.
简介:Inthecontextofglobalwarming,Chinaisfacingwithincreasingclimaterisks.Itisimperativetodevelopquantitativeindicestoreflecttheclimateriskscausedbyextremeweather/climateeventsandadverseclimaticconditionsinassociationwithdifferentindustries.Basedontheobservationsat2288meteorologicalstationsinChinaandthemeteorologicaldisastersdata,asetofindicesaredevelopedtomeasureclimaterisksduetowater-logging,drought,hightemperature,cryogenicfreezing,andtyphoon.Astatisticalmethodisthenusedtoconstructanoverallclimateriskindex(CRI)forChinafromtheseindividualindices.Thereisagoodcorrespondencebetweentheseindicesandhistoricalclimaticconditions.TheCRI,theindexofwater-loggingbyrain,andthehightemperatureindexincreaseatarateof0.28,0.37,and0.65perdecade,respectively,from1961to2016.Thecryogenicfreezingindexiscloselyrelatedtochangesintheconsumerpriceindexforfood.Thehightemperatureindexiscorrelatedwiththeconsumptionofenergyandelectricity.Thecorrelationbetweentheyearlygrowthinclaimsonhouseholdpropertyinsuranceandthesumofthewater-loggingindexandthetyphoonindexinthesameyearisashighas0.70.BoththegrowthrateofclaimsonagriculturalinsuranceandtheannualgrowthrateofhospitalinpatientsarepositivelycorrelatedwiththeCRI.Theyear-on-yeargrowthinthenumberofdomestictouristsissignificantlynegativelycorrelatedwiththeCRIinthesameyear.MoreeffortsareneededtodevelopregionalCRIs.
简介:Inthispaper,aWindDirectionChangeIndex(WI),whichcandescribefour-dimensionalspatiotemporalchangesoftheatmosphericcirculationobjectivelyandquantitatively,isdefinedtostudyitsevolutionandseasonalvariation.ThefirstfourmodescanbeobtainedbyEOFexpansionofthezonallyaveragedWI.ThefirstmoderevealsthebasicspatialdistributionoftheannuallyaveragedWI.Thesecondmodereflectsthequasi-harmonicpartsoftheWIdeviations.Tropical,subtropicalandextratropicalmonsoonareascanbeclearlyreflectedbythismode.Thethirdmodereflectsthenon-harmonicpartsoftheWIdeviations.Itshowstheso-calledFebruaryreverseinstratosphericatmosphereaswellastheasymmetricseasonalchangesfromspringtofallandfromfalltospringduetoboththeland-seadistributioncontrastbetweentheNorthernandSouthernHemispheresandthenonlineareffectofatmosphericandoceanfluids.Thefourthmoderevealsthenorthwardadvancingoftheglobalreversedwindfieldsfromspringtosummerandtheirsouthwardwithdrawalfromsummertoautumn.
简介:在北方亚洲气旋(NAC)之间的关系活动和南部的环形的模式(SAM)在这研究被记录。NAC索引(NACI)的定义在诺思亚洲基于大气的相对涡度。分析产出在以前的冬季之间的重要积极关联南部的环形的模式索引(SAMI)和春天NACI在内部年度可变性,与0.51的一个关联系数在期间19482000。NAC相关、SAM相关的大气的一般发行量可变性的分析表明如此的一种关系。学习进一步表明当冬季SAM变得强壮时,在热带西方的太平洋的大气的传送对流将加强的春季和本地哈德利发行量将被加强。作为结果,在华南上的反常减退运动使温度坡度在底层加强了并且在高水平加强喷气,哪个对NAC的发展有益活动。
简介:Basedonfullconsiderationofthewinterwheatbiologicalcharacters,anagrometeorologicalmodelofphysiologicalthermalindexofwinterwheatincludingvernalizationandphotoperiodresponseisestablished,inwhichtheinfluenceofdiurnalvariationoftemperature,effectivetemperatureanddaylengthonthedevelopmentofwinterwheatduringtheperiodfromemergencetoelongationarecomprehensivelyconsidered.ValidationofthemodelusingthedatatakenfromtheexperimentsofwheatecologyinChinashowsthatthemodelbehaveswellwithmeanerrorlessthan3days.
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简介:Applyingtheempiricalorthogonalfunction(EOF)analysistotheseasurfacetemperature(SST)fieldofthetropicalPacificandIndianOceansfordeterminationofthefirsteigenvectorfield,thecurrentworkrevealsthattherearesignificantzonalgradientsofSSTinallseasonsoftheyearinthenorthwesternandeasternIndianOceanandequatorialcentralandeasternPacificandwesternPacific.ItisalsofoundthatthevariancecontributionratesofthefirstEOFmodeofeveryseasonismorethan33%.ThisshowsthatthiskindofspatialdistributionoftheSSTisstable.ThispatternisnamedPacific-IndianOceansSSTAmode.Throughcarefulanalysisandcomparison,anindexofthemodewasdefined.
简介:Qinghai-Xizang高原,或西藏的高原,是为气候变化的一个敏感区域,在全球温暖的表明是特别地显著的的地方。在这个区域的宽气候可变性显著地影响本地陆地生态系统并且能因而导致著名植被变化。在这篇论文,内部高原植被的年变化用一个21年的规范的差别植被指数(NDVI)被调查确定的数据集为地区性的生态系统和它的相互作用温暖的气候的后果。结果证明那篇植被报道在东方、南部的高原区域是最好的并且向西方和北方败坏。总体上,植被活动在1982-2002期间以一种摆动的方式表明渐渐的改进。时间的变化也展出惹人注目的地区性的差别:一个增加的趋势在西方,南方,北方和东南是很明显的,而一个减少的趋势沿着南部的高原边界并且在中央东方的区域是在场的。在NDVI和地面温度之间的协变性分析建议那个植被变化是仔细与气候有关变化。然而,控制物理过程地理上变化。在西方和东方,植被可变性被发现被温度主要驱使,与具有第二等的重要性的降水的影响。然而,在中央高原,温度和降水因素在modulating是同等地重要的内部年度植被可变性。
简介:由黑身体温度(TBB)五的统计分析的结果在5月的时期从日本公克意味着到8月,1980-2002,夏季风索引的表演(SMI)被定义是五平均数TBB≤273K。它的紧张包括三个层次:为弱季风,为正常季风的268K≥TBB>263K和为在华南海和东亚上的强壮的季风的TBB≤263K的TBB>268K。同时,用TBB五异例的一个诊断方法也被介绍帮助识别季风紧张。SMI被用来与一年和月运用季风和它的五变化的起始的发作的统计分析。Afairly靠近的关系在1994和1998的二典型洪水年里在五季风活动和重降雨时期之间被发现,它在YangtzeRiverbasin和华南上源于重降雨。