简介：

简介：

简介：Background:WithfarmlandafforestationbecomingcommonpolicyinmanyEuropeanUnioncountries,westudiedhowearlyforestsuccession(frommeadowtoyoungstand)influencessmallmammalspeciescomposition,diversity,abundanceandbiomass.Despitenumerousinvestigationsintoforestsuccession,almostnoattentionhasbeengiventothesmallmammalcommunitychangeintheearly-successionalforestecosystems,startingwiththepre-foresthabitatandendingwithstandformationandtheestablishmentoftreedominance.Wecomparedsmallmammalcommunitiesinmeadowsattheinitialstageofregrowth(withsaplingslessthan10cminheight),inyoungforest(5–10yearsold)andmoreadvancedforest(15–20years)inbothcasesofhuman-inducedforestsuccession,wherethetreeshadbeenplanted,andnaturalforestsuccession,wherenaturalregrowthofmeadowshadoccurred.Results:Thegreatestdiversityofsmallmammalspecieswasrecordedinthemeadow(H=2.95),withalowerdiversityfoundintheyoungforest(H=2.61)andevenlowerintheadvancedforest(H=2.04),thelasthabitatbeingthemostmonodominantic.TheorderofspeciesdominancefromMicrotussp.(M.arvalis,M.agrestis),Myodesglareolus,Apodemusflavicollis,Sorexaraneus,A.agrariusinthemeadowchangedtoM.glareolus,S.araneus,M.arvalis,M.agrestisintheyoungforestandtoM.glareolus,A.flavicollis,S.araneusintheadvancedforest.Thelowestrelativeabundanceofsmallmammalswasrecordedinthemeadow(18.19±2.27ind.Per100trap-days),withMicrotusvolesbeingthemostabundant.Relativeabundancewashigherintheyoungforest(22.72±2.25ind.Per100trap-days),withMyodesglareolusbeingthemostabundant(7.59±0.96ind.Per100trap-days)andatitshighestintheadvancedforest(23.91±2.77ind.Per100trap-days),againwithM.glareolusbeingthemostabundant(15.54±2.35ind.Per100trap-days).Conclusions:Thus,ouranalysissuggeststhatthatduringearlymeadow-forestsuccession,thediversityofthe

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简介：

简介：BackgroundCentralaorticsystolicbloodpressure(CASP)hasbeenshowntobeastrongerpredictoroftarget-organdamageandcardiovasculareventsthanbrachialsystolicbloodpressure(BSBP),buttherewasnodataaboutwhetherCASPcanpredictprolongedQRSdurationmorethanBSBP.WeexaminedtheassociationofCASPandBSBPwithQRSdurationinruralcommunityresidents.MethodsWeretrospectivelyanalyzed490ruralcommunityresidents.Standardresting12-leadECGandcentralaorticbloodpressure(CABP)weremeasurednoninvasivelyinallsubjectsatbaseline.TheQRSdurationwasequaltoormorethan120msbeingdefinedasprolongedQRSduration.ResultsTheprolongedQRSdurationgroupshowedhigherCASP(139.38±11.67vs.135.36±16.22,P=0.031)andBSBP(136.03±6.74vs.124.44±13.01,P<0.001)ascomparedwithcontrols.MultivariatelinearregressionanalysisshowedthatCASP,BSBPandheartratewereindependentlyaffectingQRSduration.LogisticregressionanalysesshowedthatCASP(OR1.057,95%CI:1.027,1.088,P<0.001)andBSBP(OR1.056,95%CI:1.027,1.086,P=0.032)wereindependentpredictorsofprolongedQRSdurationafteradjustmentforage,sex,bodymassindex,heartrate.CASPhadabetterpredictivevalueforprolongedQRSdurationthan(AUC:0.793vs.0.601,P<0.001)BSBP.ConclusionsOurfindingsdemonstratethatbothCASPandBSBParerisksforprolongedQRSduration,butCASPcanpredictprolongedQRSdurationbetterthanBSBP.

简介：Objective:Therandomizedcontrolledtrial(ClinicalTrials.govidentifierNCT02990741)willinvestigatewhethermorefrequentelectrocardiographic(ECG)recordingsandanalyseswithanautomatedECGsystemwouldimprovedetectionofatrialfibrillationcomparedwithasingleannualECGscreeninelderlyChineseincommunityhealthcenters.Design:Menandwomen(≥65years)willberandomizedintointensive(n=3500)andusual(n=3500)screeninggroups,andwithintheintensivescreeninggroupintointensivescreening(n=2625)andmoreintensivescreening(n=875)subgroups.ECGrecordingswillbeperformedwithanautomatedECGanalysissystem(AliveCorheartmonitor)at1yearintheusualscreeninggroup,at3,6,9,and12monthsintheintensivescreeningsubgroup,andat1,2,3,and4weeksand3,6,9,and12monthsinthemoreintensivescreeningsubgroup.Theprimaryoutcomeisthedetectionrateofatrialfibrillationbetweentheusualscreeninggroupandtheintensivescreeninggroup.Samplesizeestimationwasbasedonaprojecteddetectionrateofatrialfibrillationof2.0%byasingleECGrecordingat12months,animprovementof50%withmorefrequentECGrecordings,α=0.05,powerof80%,andaone-sidedtest.Conclusions:ThetrialwillprovideevidenceontheclinicaleffectivenessofmorefrequentECGrecordingsbyahandheldautomatedanalysissysteminthedetectionofatrialfibrillation.