简介：Sincethe1970s,outcomestudiesforchildrenwithhearinglossexpandedfromfocusingonassessingauditoryawarenessandspeechperceptionskillstoevaluatinglanguageandspeechdevelopment.Sincetheearly2000s,themulti-centerlargescaleresearchsystematicallystudiedoutcomesintheareasofauditoryawareness,speech-perception,languagedevelopment,speechdevelopment,educationalachievements,cognitivedevelopment,andpsychosocialdevelopment.Thesestudiesadvocatedtheestablishmentofbaselineandregularfollow-upevaluationswithacomprehensiveframeworkcenteredonlanguagedevelopment.Recentresearchinterestsalsoincludeunderstandingthevastdifferencesinoutcomesforchildrenwithhearingloss,understandingtherelationshipsbetweenneurocognitivedevelopmentandlanguageacquisitioninchildrenwithhearingloss,andusingoutcomestudiestoguideevidence-basedclinicalpractice.AftertheestablishmentofstandardizedMandarinlanguageassessments,outcomesresearchinMainlandChinahasthepotentialtoexpandbeyondauditoryawarenessandspeechperceptionstudies.

简介：Objectives:Thisstudyexaminedthequalityoflife(QoL)oftheparentsandsiblingsofhearing-impairedchildrenwithcochlearimplants(CIs).Design:Thisisacross-sectional,questionnaire-basedstudy.Thequestionnaireconsistsofthreesub-domains-interaction,emotionalwell-beingandsupportforthehearing-impairedchildandtheoverallQoL-andtwoopen-endedquestionsforparticipantstoprovidecommentsandsuggestionstoenhancetheirfamily'sQoL.Atotalof63questionnairesweree-mailedormailedtofamilieswhomettheinclusioncriteria.Setting:ThestudywasconductedundertheCenterforRehabilitation&SpecialNeeds,FacultyofHealthSciences,UniversitiKebangsaanMalaysia,KualaLumpur.Participants:Atotalof79parentsand23siblingsfrom44familiesofchildrenwithCIparticipatedinthisstudy.Mainoutcomemeasures:Themeanscoreforeachofthesub-domainandtheoverallQoLforbothsubjectgroupswerecomputed.Theanswersfortheopen-endedquestionswerelistedandorganizedintothemes.Results:ThereweresignificantcorrelationsbetweentheoverallQoLscoreandeachofthetestdomainsfortheparents'group(p<0.01).Forthesiblings'group,onlytheinteractionandsupportdomainsweresignificant.Interactionwasthemainsub-domainaffectingtheparents'QoLbutforsiblings,thiscouldnotbedetermined.Atotalof60%ofthepooledcommentswereclassifiedas‘concerns’.Asforthesuggestions,38.7%requestedsomeformofsupport,mainlyfinancial(41.7%).Conclusions:FamilieswithhearingimpairedchildrenwithCIhavenumerousconcernsthatneedtobeaddressed,eventhough,onaverage,theyweresatisfiedwiththeiroverallQoL.

简介：ObjectiveTinnitusandhyperacusisaresubjectivesymptomswhichcanbereportedbypeopleofanyage.Althoughtinnitusandhyperacusiscanhaveanegativeeffectonchilddevelopment,thesesymptomsarecommonlyoverlookedbytheirparentsandclinicians.Inthispaper,wereviewclinicalreportsontinnitusandhyperacusisinchildrenandbasicscientificstudiesonthesedisordersinordertoprovideupdatesofthesedisordersinthepediatricpopulation.Recentstudieshavefoundthattinnitusandhyperacusisarenotuncommoninchildren,especiallyinthosewithconductiveandsensorineuralhearingloss.Theparentsandcliniciansshouldpayattentionwhenchildrenshowabnormalbehaviorsandespeciallywhentheydevelophearingloss.Sincethereisnoobjectivemeasurementfortinnitusandhyperacusis,thediagnosisinchildrencanbechallenging.TinnitusandhyperacusisarealsocommoninWilliamssyndromeandautismbutthemechanismsarestillnotclear.Highdosesofsalicylateandnoiseexposurecaninducetinnitus.Animalstudieshavedeterminedlackofinhibitionintheauditorycortexandtheinferiorcolliculusmaybecriticalfortinnitusandhyperacusisgeneration.Thenon-classicauditorysystemmayalsobeinvolvedintheawarenessandtoleranceoftinnitusandhyperacusis.

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简介：Objective:Thepaperdiscussesrecentevidenceontheassessmentoflanguageoutcomesinchildrenwithhearinglossacquiringorallanguage.Methods:Researchemphasizesthatlanguagetestsmustbespecificenoughtocapturesubtledeficitsinvocabularyandgrammarlearningatdifferentdevelopmentalages.TheDiagnosticReceptiveandExpressiveAssessmentofMandarin(DREAM)wascarefullydesignedtobeacomprehensivestandardizedMandarinassessmentnormedinMainlandChina.Objective:Thepaperdiscussesrecentevidenceontheassessmentoflanguageoutcomesinchildrenwithhearinglossacquiringorallanguage.Methods:Researchemphasizesthatlanguagetestsmustbespecificenoughtocapturesubtledeficitsinvocabularyandgrammarlearningatdifferentdevelopmentalages.TheDiagnosticReceptiveandExpressiveAssessmentofMandarin(DREAM)wascarefullydesignedtobeacomprehensivestandardizedMandarinassessmentnormedinMainlandChina.Results:Thispapersummarizestheevidence-baseditemdesignprocessandvalidityandreliabilityresultsofDREAM.ApilotstudyreportedhereshowsthatDREAMprovideddetailedinformationabouthearingimpairedchildren’slanguageabilitiesandcanbeusedtoaidinterventionplanningtomaximizeprogress.Conclusion:DREAMrepresentsanexampleoftranslationalscience,transferringmethodsfromempiricalstudiesoflanguageacquisitioninresearchenvironmentsintoapplieddomainssuchasassessmentandintervention.ResearchonoutcomesinChinawilladvancesignificantlywiththeavailabilityofevidence-basedcomprehensivelanguageteststhatmeasureasufficientagerangeofskills,arenormedonMandarinspeakingchildreninmainlandChina,andaredesignedtocapturefeaturescentraltoMandarinlanguageacquisition.

简介：Objective:Acommoncavitydeformity(CCD)isadeformedinnerearinwhichthecochleaandvestibuleareconfluentformingacommonrudimentarycysticcavitythatresultsinprofoundhearingloss.Therearefewstudiespayingattentiontocommoncavity.Ourgroupisengrossedinobservingtheimprovementofauditoryandverbalabilitiesinchildrenwhohavereceivedcochlearimplantation(CI),andcomparingthesetargetsbetweenchildrenwithcommoncavityandnormalinnerearstructure.Materialandmethods:Aretrospectivestudywasconductedin12patientswithprofoundhearinglossthatweredividedintoacommoncavitygroupandacontrolgroup,sixineachgroupmatchedinsex,ageandtimeofimplantation,basedoninnerearstructure.CategoriesofAuditoryPerformance(CAP)andspeechintelligibilityrating(SIR)scoresandaidedhearingthresholdswerecollectedandcomparedbetweenthetwogroups.AllpatientsworeCIformorethan1yearattheCochlearCenterofAnhuiMedicalUniversityfrom2011to2015.Results:PostoperativeCAPandSIRscoreswerehigherthanbeforeoperationinbothgroups(p<0.05),althoughthescoreswerelowerintheCCDgroupthaninthecontrolgroup(p<0.05).TheaidedthresholdwasalsolowerinthecontrolgroupthanintheCCDgroup(p<0.05).Conclusion:EventhoughaudiologicalimprovementinchildrenwithCCDwasnotasgoodasinthosewithoutCCD,CIprovidesbenefitsinauditoryperceptionandcommunicationskillsinthesechildren.

简介：Previousresearchhasdemonstratedthattheamplitudeofevokedemissionsdecreasesinhumansub-jectswhenthecontralateralearisstimulatedbynoise.Themedialolivocochlearbundle(MOCB)isbe-lievedtocontrolthisphenomenon.Recentresearchhasexaminedthiseffectinindividualswithauditorypro-cessingdisorders(APD),specificallywithdifficultyunderstandingspeechinnoise.Resultsshowedtran-sientevokedotoacousticemissions(TEOAEs)werenotaffectedbycontralateralstimulationinthesesub-jects.MuchclinicalresearchhasmeasuredthefunctionoftheMOCBthroughTEOAEs.Thisstudywilluseanalternativetechnique,distortionproductotoacousticemissions(DPOAEs),toexaminethisphenomenonandevaluatethefunctionoftheMOCB.DPOAEsofindividualsinacontrolgroupwithnormalhearingandnosignificantauditoryprocessingdifficultieswerecomparedtotheDPOAEsofchildrenwithsignifi-cantauditoryprocessingdifficulties.Resultsshowedthatthesuppressioneffectwasobservedinthecontrolgroupat2kHzwith3kHzofnarrowbandnoise.Fortheauditoryprocessingdisordersgroup,nosignificantsuppressionwasobserved.Overall,DPOAEsshowedsuppressionwithcontralateralnoise,whiletheAPDgrouplevelsincreasedoverall.TheseresultsprovidefurtherevidencethattheMOCBmayhavereducedfunctioninchildrenwithAPD.

简介：ThegoalofthisstudywastotranslatetheLittlEARSAuditoryQuestionnaireintoYorubalanguageforusewithYoruba-speakingparentsandtoevaluatethepsychometricpropertiesoftheYorubaversionofquestionnaire.TranslationoftheLittlEARSAuditoryQuestionnaireintoYorubalanguagewasdoneusingaback-translationmethod.Thestudyparticipantsincluded423parentsofnormalhearingchildrenaged6e24months.Psychometricanalyses(scaleanalysisanditemanalysis)ofthetranslatedquestionnairewasdone.Thescalecharacteristicsinthedatasetare:Internalconsistency:Cronbach'salpha?0.907;reliability;Split-half?0.701;predictiveaccuracy;Guttman'slambda?0.583;correlationbetweentotalscoreandchildren'sage?0.783.Theregressionanalysisshowedthat75.3%ofthevarianceinthetotalscorescanbeexplainedbyage.TheYorubaversionoftheLittlEARSAuditoryQuestionnaireisadependableandvalidtoolasevidencedbytheresultsofpsychometricanalyses.Thetoolisusefulforassessingauditorydevelopmentinchildrenbetween6and24monthsofage.

简介：Objective:Toinvestigatesurgicalindications,operativetechniques,complicationsandauditoryandspeechrehabilitationforcochlearimplant(CI)inchildrenwithotitismediawitheffusion(OME).Materia!andmethods:Thisisaretrospectivereviewofrecordsof24childrenwithbilateralprofoundsensorineuralhearinglossandOMEwhowereimplantedduringJanuary2011toNovember2014intheDepartmentofOtorhinolaryngologyandHeadandNeckSurgeryatthePLAHospital,usingone-stageimplantationviathefacialrecessapproachandroundwindowinsertion.Theincuswasremovedin8casesduringtheimplantationprocedure.Localinfiltrationofdexamethasoneandadrenalineinthemiddleearwasalsoperformed.Postoperativecomplicationswereexamined.PreoperativeandpostoperativequestionnairesincludingCategoriesofAuditoryPerformance(CAP).SpeechIntelligibilityRating(SIR),andtheMeaningfulAuditoryIntegrationScale(MAIS)werecollected.Results:Allelectrodeswereimplantedsuccessfullywithoutanyimmediateordelayedcomplications.Inllammatorychangesofmiddleearmucosawitheffusionwerenotedinallimplantedears.Thescoresofpost-implantCAPandSIRincreasedsignilicantlyinall24cases(t=-25.95and-14.09.respectivelyforCAPandSIR.p<0.05).Conclusions:One-stageCIviathefacialrecessapproachwithroundwindowinsertionissafeandeffectiveincochlearimplantcandidateswithOME,asseeninthe24childreninourstudywhoachievedimprovedauditoryperformanceandspeechintelligibilityafterCI.

简介：ObjectivesToevaluateperipheralauditorydysfunctioninseniledementiaofAlzheimer'sdisease(AD)anditsrelationshipwithcognitivedysfunction.MethodsPuretonethresholds,wordrecognitionscores(WRS),acousticimmittanceandauditorybrain-stemresponses(ABR)weretestedtoevaluatetheauditoryfunctionin43ADpatientsand50normalsubjects.ThetestreliabilityinthesesubjectswasexaminedbeforethetestresultswereevaluatedfortheircorrelationwiththeMiniMentalStateExamination(MMSE)score.ResultsTherewerenostatisticallysignificantdifferencesinperipheralauditoryfunctionsbetweenthetwoearsinthetestedsubjectsorbetweenthetwogroupswhentheauditometricresultsoftherightearwerecompared(P>0.05).Also,therewerenostatisticallysignificantdifferencesbetweenthetwogroupswhenaudiometrictestreliability,acousticimpedanceandABRresultswerecompared(P>0.05).ConclutionsThepuretoneaudiometricthresholdandWRSinADpatientsaresimilartothoseincomparablenon-ADsenilesubjects.Peripheralauditorydysfunctionisnotrelatedtocognitivedysfunction.

简介：ThisarticlereviewstheeffectivenessofintratympaniccorticosteroidsforvertigocontrolinM_eni_ere'sdiseaseat2-yearsfollow-upaccordingtotheguidelinesexpressedbytheAmericanAcademyofOtolaryngology-Head&NeckSurgery.DespitetheincreaseduseofintratympaniccorticosteroidsforvertigocontrolinM_eni_ere'sdiseasethereisdebateastotheireffectiveness,particularlycomparedtogentamicin.Evenso,afterjustasinglecourseofinjections,corticosteroidscanreliablyprovidecompletevertigocontrol(ClassA)at2-yearsinabout50%ofcasesasindicatedinarecentdouble-blindrandomizedcontrolledclinicaltrial(Pateletal.,2016).Buttheeffectivenessofintratympaniccorticosteroidstrulyincreaseswhentreatmentisprovided'as-needed',wherebycompletevertigocontrolisestablishedinupto91%ofcases.Onthebasisofavailableliterature,thereisgoodevidencetorecommendtheuseofintratympanicsteroidtreatmentforvertigocontrolinM_eni_ere'sdisease,butpatientsmustbemonitoredfornon-response.Therationalefortreatingpatientsas-neededandthepossiblereasonsforcorticosteroidnonresponsearediscussed.

简介：Bell’spalsyisacommonlyseencranialnervediseaseandcanresultincompromisedfacialappearanceandfunctions.Itsetiology,prognosisandtreatmentarestillbeingdebated.Thispaperisareviewofrecentdevelopmentintheunderstandingofetiology,diagnosisandnon-surgicaltreatmentofBell’spalsy.

简介：ObjectiveToreportoutcomesofnonsurgicalandsurgicalmanagementofMenière’sdiseaseatBeijingTiantanHospital.MethodsPatientswithMenière’sdiseasewerecategorizedintogroupsbasedonhearingandqualityoflife.Individualizedmanagementwasprovided,includinglifestylemodification,drugtherapies,endolymphaticsacdecompressionandlabyrinthectomy.Treatmentoutcomeswereevaluatedduringupto24monthsfollowup.ResultsEightysevenpatientsunderwentlifestylemodificationanddrugtherapies.ThevertigocontrolrateofGradeAandBwas76.9%and83.8%respectively.Sixpatientsreceivedsurgicalmanagement,includingendolymphaticsacdecompression(n=5)andlabyrinthectomy(n=1).Forthesepatients,thevertigocontrolrateofGradeAandBwas80%and100%,respectively.ConcluIsionsManagementofMenière’sdiseasedependsonseveralfactors,i.e.severitiesofvertigoandhearingloss,qualityoflife,surgicalcontraindicationsandpatientsubjectivedesire.Thetreatmentisdrugtherapiesforthemajorityofpatients,aswellaslifestylemodification.Surgicalindicationsarerareandtheleastinvasiveproceduresshouldbeconsideredfirst.Theresultsofsurgeryaregenerallysatisfying.

简介：目的通过本实验证明s/z比值在聋儿言语呼吸中的临床应用价值.材料:在上海市随机选取4-17岁640名健听儿童,从国内外数家康复中心随机选出共29名配戴助听器且采用腹式呼吸的聋儿接受s/z测试,以及30名接受胸式呼吸训练的配戴助听器聋儿.方法采用"实时言语矫治仪"进行测试,令受试者先发/s/音,然后发/z/音,均符合最长声时的发音要求,然后求其比值.结果s/z比值不受年龄、性别的影响,且聋儿组康复训练前后s/z比值有着显著性差异,胸式呼吸的s/z比远大于腹式呼吸组.结论s/z比值能够进一步检测出聋儿言语呼吸不协调的问题,为制定康复方案提供了有价值的参考;同时证明胸式呼吸不仅使得聋儿的言语呼吸支持不足,而且造成呼吸和发音系统的严重不协调.

简介：目的：对70岁以上老人的听力障碍情况进行调查，了解高龄老年人群的听力损失特点。方法对103例70岁以上老人进行老年听力障碍量表筛查版（HHIE-S）问卷调查，并采集基本健康信息。结果在103例受调查者中，34例存在听力障碍（33.0%）。存在听力障碍的老人中，70～79岁5例（15.6%），80～89岁21例（36.8%），90～98岁8例（57.1%）。罹患糖尿病对于总得分、情绪得分、社交场景得分具有显著影响（P〈0.05）；年龄对社交场景得分有显著影响（P〈0.05），80岁以下的老年人社交场景得分低于80岁以上老年人（P〈0.05）；噪声接触史对社交场景得分有显著影响（P〈0.05）。结论HHIE-S可较好反映70岁以上老年人听力障碍情况。