简介：Nanotechnologyprovidesvariousnanomaterialswithtremendousfunctionalitiesforcancerdiagnosticsandtherapeutics.Recently,theranosticshasbeendevelopedasanalternativestrategyforefficientcancertreatmentthroughcombinationofimagingdiagnosisandtherapeuticinterventionsundertheguidanceofdiagnosticresults.Ultrasound(US)imagingshowsuniqueadvantageswithexcellentfeaturesofreal-timeimaging,lowcost,highsafetyandportability,makingUScontrastagents(UCAs)anidealplatformforconstructionofcancertheranosticagents.ThisreviewfocusesonthedevelopmentofnanomaterialsincorporatedmultifunctionalUCAsservingastheranosticagentsforcancerdiagnosticsandtherapeutics,viaconjugationofsuperparamagneticironoxidenanoparticles(SPIOs),CuSnanoparticles,DNA,siRNA,goldnanoparticles(GNPs),goldnanorods(GNRs),goldnanoshell(GNS),grapheneoxides(GOs),polypyrrole(PPy)nanocapsules,Prussianblue(PB)nanoparticlesandsoontodifferenttypesofUCAs.Thecancertreatmentcouldbemoreeffectivelyandaccuratelycarriedoutundertheguidanceandmonitoringwiththehelpoftheachievedtheranosticagents.Furthermore,nanomaterialsincorporatedtheranosticagentsbasedonUCAscanbedesignedandconstructedbydemandforpersonalizedandaccuratetreatmentofcancer,demonstratingtheirgreatpotentialtoaddressthechallengesofcancerheterogeneityandadaptation,whichcanprovidealternativestrategiesforcancerdiagnosisandtherapeutics.