简介：InthelastdecadeaNewGeophysicshasbeenproposed,wherebythecrustanduppermost~400kmofthemantleoftheEartharesopervadedbyclosely-spacedstress-alignedmicrocracks(intergranularfilmsofhydratedmeltinthemantle)thatinsiturocksvergeonfailurebyfracturing,andhencearecritical-systemsthatimposearangeoffundamentally-newpropertiesonconventionalsub-criticalgeophysics.EnoughofthesenewpropertieshavebeenobservedtoconfirmthatNewGeophysicsisanewunderstandingoffluid/rockdeformationwithimportantimplicationsandapplications.EvidencesupportingNewGeophysicshasbeenpublishedinawidevarietyofpublications.Here,forclarification,wesummariseinonedocumenttheevidencesupportingNewGeophysics.

简介：MPLS(Multi-ProtocolLabelSwitching)VPN(VirtualPrivateNetwork)traffichasbeendeployedwidely,butcurrentlyonlysupportsunicast.ThispaperbrieflyintroducesseveralavailableMPLSVPNmulticastapproaches,andthenanalyzestheirdisadvantages.Anovelmechanismthatusestwo-layerlabelstacktosupportMPLSVPNexplicitmulticastisproposedandtheprocessisdiscussedindetail.Thescalabilityandperformanceoftheproposedmechanismarestudiedanalytically.Theresultshowsthatoursolutionhasgreatadvantageoverthecurrentlyavailableschemeintermsofsavingcorenetworkbandwidthandimprovingthescalability.

简介：<正>December2013DearXiuwen,Thankyou.YourgeneroussupportoftheICOFoundationthispastyearhelpedtheInternationalCouncilofOphthalmology(ICO)enhanceophthalmiceducation,whichwillultimatelyhelpreduceavoidablevisionlossaroundtheworld.Youhavesetanadmirableexampleforotherstofollow.AsPresidentoftheICOandaproudrepresentativeoftheICOFoundation,Iamverypleasedtothankyouagainforyourgiftandtotellyouwhatyouandotherdonorshaveenabledustodothisyear:

简介：在大部分卡通片中，主角几乎都是完美的化身(当然Shrek除外)，而配角们却总有着这样那样的小毛病。然而小人物也可能成为大英雄，总是有那么几个小配角会不甘寂寞地跳出来，调皮捣蛋，插科打诨，抢尽了风头，也带来了欢笑。也许它们的存在就是为了告诉我们，如果你也是小人物，只要坚持做自己，总有一天你会此主角更光彩。

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简介：特征定义的适应性是特征技术在设计过程成功应用的关键和核心问题．本文基于提出了面向设计过程的特征定义层次结构及特征定义方法，将特征定义用应用特征、形状特征和几何表示３个相对独立的层次来表示，并分别利用特征语义解释器和改进的几何关联图实现层次间的有效连接和相互转换，这不仅消弱了特征定义对应用的依赖性而更具广泛性，也为基于特征的并行设计过程模型的建立提供了基础．

简介：Page-basedsoftwareDSMsystemssufferfromfalsesharingcausedbythelargesharinggranularity,andonlysupportone-dimensionBlockorCyclicblockdatadistributionschemes,Thusapplicationsrunningonthemwillsufferfrompoordatalocalityandwillbeabletoexploitparallelismonlywhenusingalargenumberofprocessors,Inthispaper.awaytowardssupportingflexibledatadistribution(FDD)onsoftwareDSMsystemispresented.Smallgranularity-tunableblocks,thesizeofwhichcanbesetbycompilerorprogrammer,areusedtooverlaptheworkingdatasetsdistributedamongprocessors.TheFDDwasimplmentedonasoftwareDSMsystemcalledJIAJIA.ComparedwithBlock/Cyclic-blockdistributionschemesusedbymostDSMsystemsnow,experimentsshowthattheproposedwayofflexibledatadistributionismoreeffective.Theperformanceoftheapplicationsusedintheexperimentsissignificantlyimproved.

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简介：Formanyyears,studiesaboutthecochleahavebeenmainlyfocusedonsensorycells,i.e.theinnerhaircell(IHC)andouterhaircell(OHC),andtheneuronsystem.Supportingcells,suchasHensen'scellsandDeiters'cellsarelessstudied.Theirphysiologicalfunctionsandothercharacteristicsarenotwelldocumented.Nowadays,supportingcellsareanewworldattractingtoscientists'interests.Thescopeofthisreviewistodetailthebiologicalpropertiesofthesupportingcells,mainlyHensen'scellsandDeiters'cellsinthecochlea.Studiesonthissubjectwillbehelpfulinunderstandingphysiologyofthecochlea,andhopefullyprovidenewapproachesintreatingdiseasesofinnerear.

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简介：Theestablishmentanddevelopmentoftheindustrialsymbiosisofeco-industrialparkareaffectedbyseveralfactors.Basedontheformedindustrialsymbiosissupportingsystemchart,thisarticleanalyzesthemicrocosmicsupportingsystemandmacroscopicsupportingsystem.Inthemicrocosmicsupportingsystem,itelaboratesfiveaspectsincludingkeyenterprises,serviceintermediariesinthepark,symbioticenterprises,competitorsandthepublicindetail.Thenitdescribesthemacroscopicsupportingsystemfromfouraspectsofgovernmentalparticipation,technologicalinnovation,educationalpromotionandculturalsupport.Finally,combiningwiththecurrentconstructionstatusoftheeco-industrialparkinChina,itproposesthecountermeasuresandsuggestionstobuildthesupportingsystemfortheeco-industrialparkandprovidestheoreticalsupportforthefasterandbetterconstructionoftheeco-industrialparkinChina.

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简介：AbstractTuberculosis (TB) is on the rise in Pakistan and there could be multiple reasons including poverty, difficulty in access to TB treatment services, non-compliance with treatment, social stigma etc. According to the TB program managers, limited treatment and testing sites for tuberculosis and lack of trained human resources play a major role in compromising TB management. A major lacuna in the TB control program is the absence of active contact tracing strategy. This is essential for a disease where positive cases are known to be able to infect a further 10-15 individuals in a year. Tackling tuberculosis in Pakistan has been beleaguered by funding challenges and other systems’ bottlenecks such as lack of skilled human resources and insufficient supply of medicines, despite the fact that disease burden is one of the highest in the world. Although it is a notifiable disease, active case finding, contact tracing and reporting is notoriously low throughout the country. Access to diagnostics and treatment facilities has been limited and stigma attached to the disease remains deeply entrenched among the communities. Researchers have shown that enhanced and active approaches to contact investigation effectively identifies additional patients with TB among household contacts at a relatively modest cost. USAID’s Integrated Health Systems Strengthening and Service Delivery Activity extended support to the Health Departments of Sindh and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa provinces. In collaboration with the two provincial TB programs, community based active contact tracing was conducted on 17,696 individuals, based on the index cases. Among the contacts traced, 243 cases were diagnosed as drug sensitive or drug resistant TB. Awareness sessions were conducted to sensitize people on the various aspects of disease and importance of getting tested. The project also supported establishing three satellite Programmatic Management of Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (PMDT) sites for drug resistant TB treatment, enhancing the programs’diagnostic and testing capacity.

简介：Climatesystemmodelsareusefultoolsforunderstandingtheinteractionsamongthecomponentsoftheclimatesystemandpredicting/projectingfutureclimatechange.ThedevelopmentofclimatemodelshasbeenacentralfocusoftheStateKeyLaboratoryofNumericalModelingforAtmosphericSciencesandGeophysicalFluidDynamics,InstituteofAtmosphericPhysics,ChineseAcademyofSciences(LASG/IAP)sincetheestablishmentofthelaboratoryin1985.InChina,manypioneeringcomponentmodelsandfullycoupledmodelsoftheclimatesystemhavebeendevelopedbyLASG/IAP.ThefullycoupledclimatesystemdevelopedintherecentdecadeisnamedFGOALS(FlexibleGlobalOcean-Atmosphere-LandSystemModel).Inthispaper,anapplication-orientedreviewoftheLASG/IAPFGOALSmodelispresented.Theimprovedmodelperformancesaredemonstratedinthecontextofcloud-radiationprocesses,Asianmonsoon,ENSOphenomena,AtlanticMeridionalOverturningCirculation(AMOC)andseaice.TheFGOALSmodelhascontributedtobothCMIP5(CoupledModelIntercomparisonProject-phase5)andIPCC(IntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange)AR5(theFifthAssessmentReport).ThereleaseofFGOALSdatahassupportedthepublicationofnearly500papersaroundtheworld.TheresultsofFGOALSarecited~106timesintheIPCCWG1(WorkingGroup1)AR5.Inadditiontothetraditionallong-termsimulationsandprojections,near-termdecadalclimatepredictionisanewsetofCMIPexperiment,progressofLAGS/IAPinthedevelopmentofneartermdecadalpredictionsystemisreviewed.TheFGOALSmodelhassupportedmanyChinesenational-levelresearchprojectsandcontributedtothenationalclimatechangeassessmentreport.ThecrucialroleofFGOALSasamodelingtoolforsupportingclimatesciencesishighlightedbydemonstratingthemodel’sperformancesinthesimulationoftheevolutionofEarth’sclimatefromthepasttothefuture.