简介:目的:建立石菖蒲挥发油的萃取及包合工艺。方法:应用U5(53)均匀设计试验对影响萃取物得率的因素进行考察,筛选最佳萃取工艺。应用L9(34)正交设计试验对影响胶体磨法包合效果的因素进行考察,筛选最佳包合工艺。结果:超临界CO2萃取工艺参数为萃取压力30MPa,萃取温度60℃,萃取时间90min。胶体磨法进行石菖蒲挥发油β-环糊精包合工艺参数为挥发油与β-环糊精的质量比为1∶4,包合时间20min,加水量4倍。结论:筛选出的萃取及包合工艺稳定可行。采用超临界CO2萃取法能够提高萃取物得率;采用胶体磨法包合石菖蒲挥发油能够提高挥发油稳定性,有较高的挥发油利用率。
简介:ThispaperpresentsabriefoverviewofCO2reformingofCH4(CRM)byvariousformsof'arc'plasma,whichismoresuitabletoCRM,andtheenergyefficiencyisusedtoevaluatedifferentplasmaprocessesspecifically.Accordingtothereportedresults,thearcthermalplasmawithbinodeexhibitedbetterperformance.Moreover,theplasmaCRMprocesswascomparedwiththereportedplasmasteamreformingofCH4(SRM)process,andtheresultsshowedthattheformerprocesshasadvantagesonenergyefficiencyandCH4consumption.Additionally,itisbelievedthattheplasmaCRMprocesswouldbecompetitivewiththeconventionalSRMprocessinbothenergyefficiencyandCO2emissiononcetheheatmanagementisemphasizedandtherenewablepowerisused.Finally,aconceptofplasmareactorforindustrialapplicationisproposed.
简介:为了降低ε型六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷(ε-HNIW)的感度,提出了一种以液态CO2作为反溶剂的新的包覆方法,该包覆方法解决了水悬浮法对溶剂的选择局限性大的问题。对ε-HNIW包覆前后进行SEM、XRD和FT-IR分析,研究表明:选用这种新的包覆方法,氟橡胶、ESTANE和EPDM包覆剂能均匀包覆于ε-HNIW的表面;偶极矩-极性大的包覆剂溶剂使ε-HNIW包覆后转变为α-HNIW晶体;随着包覆剂添加量的增加、或系统压力的降低、或温度的升高,ε-HNIW复合颗粒的分散性越差,球形造型粉颗粒度越好。对ε-HNIW包覆前后进行撞击感度测试表明,相同包覆剂添加量情况下,3种包覆剂降低ε-HNIW感度的大小顺序为:ESTANE〉FE26〉EPDM。
简介:AseriesofnovelAgCl/Ag2CO3heterostructuredphotocatalystswithdifferentAgClcontents(5wt%,10wt%,20wt%,and30wt%)werepreparedbyfacilecoprecipitationmethodatroomtemperature.TheresultingproductswerecharacterizedbypowderX-raydiffraction(XRD),scanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM),X-rayphotoelectronspectroscopy(XPS),andultraviolet–visiblediffusereflectancespectroscopy(UV–VisDRS),respectively.Thephotocatalyticactivityofthesampleswasevaluatedbyphotocatalyticdegradationofmethylorange(MO)underUVlightirradiation.WiththeoptimalAgClcontentof20wt%,theAgCl/Ag2CO3compositeexhibitsthegreatestenhancementinphotocatalyticdegradationefficiency.Itsfirst-orderreactionrateconstant(0.67h-1)is5.2timesfasterthanthatofAg2CO3(0.13h-1),and16.8timesfasterthanthatofAgCl(0.04h-1).TheformationofAgCl/Ag2CO3heterostructurecouldeffectivelysuppresstherecombinationofthephoto-generatedelectronandhole,resultinginanincreaseinphotocatalyticactivity.
简介:TostudytheintramolecularDiels-Aldercycloadditonof2H-chromen-2-oneasadiene,aseriesofchiralN-allyl-N-benzylamidesthatcontaina2H-chromen-2-onemoietyweredesignedforthesynthesisofbenzo[f]isoindol-l-onesviaanintramolecularDiels-Alderandasubsequentretro-Diels-AldercycloadditionwiththeexpulsionofCO2.Boththeyield(80%-89%)andabsolutestereocontrolofthetandemreactionwerehighwhenanelectron-withdrawinggroupwasattachedtothedienophile.Thedoublebondinthestyrenesubstructureremainedintheproductscouldbefurtherderivatizedbydihydroxylation.
简介:摘要目的观察和评价分析CO2点阵激光联合光动力综合治疗皮肤肿瘤的临床疗效。方法选取2014年10月到2016年2月我院收治的32例经组织病理学确诊的皮肤肿瘤患者为治疗组进行CO2点阵激光联合光动力综合治疗,选取同期的32例经组织病理学确诊的皮肤肿瘤患者为对照组经超脉冲CO2点阵激光治疗,对两组患者进行了临床疗效的比较。结果治疗组完全缓解30例,显效率93.75%。复发2例,复发率6.25%。对照组完全缓解22例,显效率68.75%。复发10例,复发率31.25%。两组相比差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论CO2点阵激光联合光动力综合治疗皮肤肿瘤疗效满意,可保持面部容貌的完整功能。
简介:采用沉淀-水热法制备Co(OH)2/C复合材料.通过TG-DSC、XRD和显微镜照片分析材料的组成、结构和形貌,通过循环充放电研究材料的循环性能,分析充放电曲线、微分容量曲线和交流阻抗探讨材料的嵌/脱锂机理.结果表明:Co(OH)2/C复合材料首次可逆比容量达617mAh/g,循环效率为84.4%;20次循环后,Co(OH)2/C复合材料可逆比容量仍有298mAh/g,循环效率为96.4%,容量保持率为48.3%,而Co(OH)2材料分别只有244mAh/g、94.0%和38.0%,石墨可有效改善材料的循环性能.
简介:Background:Thispaperexploredthelong-term,ceteris-paribuseffectsofpotentialCO,fertilizationontheglobalforestsector.BasedonthefindingsofNorbyetal.(PNAS2005,102(50))aboutforestresponsetoelevated[CO_2].Methods:ForestproductivitywasincreasedintheGlobalForestProductsModel(GFPM)inproportiontotherising[CO.,]projectedintheIPCCscenarioA1B,A2,andB2.Projectionsoftheforestareaandforeststockandoftheproduction,consumption,prices,andtradeofproductsrangingfromfuelwoodtopaperandpaperboardwereobtainedwiththeGFPMforeachscenario,withandwithoutCO_2fertilizationbeginningin2011andupto2065.Results:C02fertilizationincreasedwoodsupply,leadingtolowerwoodpriceswhichinturninducedmodestlowerpricesofendproductsandhigherglobalconsumption.However,productionandvalueaddedinindustriesdecreasedinsomeregionsduetotherelativecompetitiveadvantagesandtothevaryingregionaleffectsofCO_2fertilization.Conclusion:ThemaineffectofCO,fertilizationwastoraisetheleveloftheworldforeststockin2065by9to10%forscenariosA2andB2andby20%forscenarioA1B.Theriseinforeststockinducedbyfertilizationwasinpartcounteractedbyitsstimulationofthewoodsupplywhichresultedinlowerwoodpricesandincreasedharvests.
简介:PhotoelectrochemicalandelectrochemicalreductionofCO2intoorganicchemicalsispromisingfordirectlyorindirectlytransformingsolarenergyintochemicalenergyforfurtherutilization.However,researchontheelectroactivespeciesintheseprocesseshasbeenratherlimited.Inthiswork,weinvestigatedpossibleelectroactivespecies(CO2orHCO3–)involvedintheelectrochemicalreductionofKHCO3atelevatedtemperatureswithoutCO2bubbling.TheresultsshowedthatCO,CH4,andC2H4wereproducedafterelectrochemicalreductionof3.0mol/LKHCO3atelevatedtemperatureonaCuelectrodeevenwithoutCO2bubbling,althoughtheirfaradaicefficiencieswerelow(<6%).MeasurementsforCO2generationfromthedecompositionofHCO3–showedthatelevatedtemperatureandhighHCO3–concentrationstronglypromotedthisprocess.Theseresultssuggestedthatthein-situproducedCO2fromthedecompositionofHCO3–wasprobablytheelectroactivespeciesintheelectrochemicalreductionofHCO3–withoutCO2bubbling.ChangesoftheGibbsfreeenergy,rateconstant,andactivationenergyofthedecompositionofHCO3–intoCO2werealsoinvestigatedandcalculatedfromtheexperimentaldata.
简介:氮(N)和磷(P)共同做锐钛矿TiO2nanosheets被与外国先锋做的高温度的P跟随的低温度的自我做的N-TiO2认识到。做过程的P能维持好TiO2nanosheets形态学与,这被发现暴露{001}方面。掺杂物的化学状态显示N和P原子在TiO2格子在O地点上代替O。与纯TiO2和做N的TiO2,N-P相比,共同做的TiO2nanosheets在可见轻政体展出更强壮的光吸收和染料分子的更高的降级率。提高的photocatalytic性质被归因于二个因素。一方面,N-P共同做能有效地从3.20~2.48减少TiO2的乐队差距?eV,在可见的光导致吸收的改进政体。在另一方面,存在暴露{001}TiO2nanosheets的方面能在反应导致photogenerated电子和洞的有效分离。
简介:MacroscopicSiO_2sphereswithahomogeneousaminedistributionweresynthesizedbyaone-stepemulsionbasedsynthesisapproachinaflowcolumnreactor.TheCO_2adsorptioncapacityofthenanostructuredamine-functionalizedsilicasphereswasstudiedinabsenceandpresenceofH_2O.Thestructuralpropertieswereadjustedbyvaryingsolventsandsurfactantsduringthesynthesisand,atconstantamineloadings,werefoundtobethemainfactorforinfluencingtheCO_2sorptioncapacities.Underwater-freeconditionsCO_2isboundtotheaminogroupsviatheformationofcarbamates,whichrequiretwoneighboringaminogroupstoadsorboneCO_2molecule.Atconstantamineconcentrationssorbentswithlowersurfaceareaallowtoestablishahigheraminedensityonthesurface,whichenhancestheCO_2uptakecapacitiesunderdryconditions.InpresenceofH_2OtheCO_2adsorptionchangesto1:1stoichiometryduetostabilizationofcarbamatesbyprotonationofH_2Oandformationoffurtherspeciessuchasbicarbonates,whichshouldinprincipledoubletheadsorptioncapacities.LowconcentrationsofphysisorbedH2O(0.3mmol/g)didnotimpairtheadsorptioncapacityoftheadsorbentsforCO_2,whileathigherwateruptakes(0.6and1.1mmol/g)theCO_2uptakeisreduced,whichcouldbeattributedtocapillarycondensationofH_2Oorformationofbulkyreactionproductsblockinginnerporesandaccesstoactivesites.