简介：Athree-dimensional(3-D)oceanmodeliscoupledwithatwo-dimensional(2-D)seaicemodel,torevisitanonlinearadvectionmechanism,oneofthemostimportantmesoscaleeddygenesismechanismsinthemarginalicezone.Two-dimensionaloceanmodelsimulationssuggestnonlinearadvectionmechanismismoreimportantwhenthewatergetsshallower.Insteadofconsideringtheoceanasbarotropicfluidinthe2-Doceanmodel,the3-Doceanmodelallowstheseaicetoaffectthecurrentdirectlyinthesurfacelayerviaocean-iceinteraction.Itisfoundthatbothmesoscaleeddyandseasurfaceelevationaresensitivetochangesinawaterdepthinthe3-Dsimulations.Theverticalprofileofacurrentvelocityin3-Dexperimentssuggeststhatwhenthewaterdepthgetsshallower,thecurrentmovefasterineachlayer,whichmakestheseasurfaceelevationbenearlyinverseproportionaltothewaterdepthwiththesamewindforcingduringthesametime.Itisalsofoundthatbecauseoftheverticalmotion,themagnitudeofvariationsintheseasurfaceelevationinthe3-Dsimulationsisverysmall,beingonly1%ofthechangeinthe2-Dsimulations.Anditseemstheverticalmotiontobetheessentialreasonforthedifferencesbetweenthe3-Dand2-Dexperiments.

简介：Inordertotheoreticallystudythebucklepropagationofsubseapipelineswithslip-onbucklearrestors,atwo-dimensionalringmodelwassetuptorepresentthepipelineandanonlinearspringmodelwasadoptedtosimulatethecontactbetweenpipeline’sinnerwallsandbetweenpipeline’souterwallandslip-onbucklearrestor’sinnerwallduringbucklepropagation.Inaddition,somereversespringsareaddedtopreventthewallofleftandrightsidesseparatingfromtheinnerwallofslip-onbucklearrestors.Consideringlargedeformationkinematicsrelationsandtheelastic-plasticconstitutiverelationofmaterial,balanceequationswereestablishedwiththeprincipleofvirtualwork.Thevariationofexternalpressurewithrespecttothecross-sectionalareaofpipelineswasanalyzed,andthelowerboundofthecrossoverpressureofslip-onbucklearrestorswascalculatedbasedonMaxwell’senergybalancemethod.Bycomparingthetheoreticalresultswithexperimentandfiniteelementnumericalsimulation,thetheoreticalmethodisprovedtobecorrectandreliable.