简介：Variousworkhardeningmechanisms,onthebasisoftheircharacteris-tics,areclassifiedintotwocategories:thepile-uphardeningandthetanglehardening.Togetherwithadiscussionabouttheexperimentalinvestigationsofworkhardening,thedescriptionsforthosetwobasichardeningmechanismsaresuggested,respectively.Combiningthesedescriptions,anewsinglecrystalhardeninglawisproposed,whichcanbeusedtodescribeworkhardening,particularlythecyclichardeningofacrystalgraininapolycrystallinematerial.Furthermore,somerelevantdiscussiononthenewsinglecrystalhardeninglawisalsomadeinthispaper.

简介：Toimprovewearresistanceofsurfacewillincreasetheservicelifeofgraycastirondirectly.ThispaperpresentsthatgraycastironsurfacecoatedwithalloypowderislocallyremeltedbyTIGarctoincreasethewearresistance.Theinfluencesofarccurrentandscanningrateetconsurfacepropertiesarefound.Underdifferentconditions,themicrostructure,hardnessandwearresistanceofremeltedlayerareanalyzedandmeasured.TheresultsindicatethatthegraycastironsurfacecanbestrengthenedbyTIGarclocalremeltingtreatment.Especially,surfacealloyinghardeningeffectisbestandsurfacepropertiesareimprovedremarkably.

简介：Itiswellknownthatvanadiumalloywillfacetostrongneutronirradiationandhydrogenenvironmentsasastructuralmaterialinafusionreactor.Someresearcheshavereportedthatvanadiumalloytookstronglyhardeningafteranexposuretohydrogenenvironmentandirradiationbyneutronatatemperaturelowerthan400℃.Theductilityofthealloywaslostlargely,evenentirelybrittlefractureoccurredsometimesintensionloadingofthealloy.Therefore,it'stogettheknowledgeofthehardeningmechanismandthefracturemechanicalforthepurposetoimprovetheperformancesofthealloyunderthecircumstances.

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简介：在计算机化的断层摄影术(CT)的高变细的导致目标的streaking和阴影人工制品有点被连接到X光检查设计数据的不合身的衣服到氡变换的范围空间。这件不合身的衣服主要由于变硬的横梁是为多色的来源不可避免的设计数据的因素。在处理横梁变硬导致streaking和阴影人工制品的主要困难来自它取决于高变细目标的几何学的高度非线性的性质。在这个工作，我们从设计数据的结构调查那些streaking和阴影人工制品的数学特征。我们也建议了金属由合并非线性的变硬横梁的修正者的最近的技术的人工制品减小方法。数字模拟证明没有改变背景图象，建议方法有效地减轻streaking人工制品。

简介：Themicrostructureandpropertiesofacombinedprecipitationhardeningultrahighstrengthsteelwithnano-sizedcarbidesandintermetallicswerestudiedsystematically.Theresultsshowthataftertemperingat300℃lotsofε-carbidesareprecipitatedinthemartensite,thestrengthrisesandthetoughnessfallsslightly.Aftertemperingat430℃,muchcoarsercementitelaminaareprecipitatedinmartensiticlaths,whichcausestheimpacttoughnessfallstotheminimumvalue.WithtemperaturefurtherincreasingthecementitesaredissolvedandM2Ccarbides,β-NiAlintermetallicsandreverseaustenitebegintoprecipitate.Thetensilestrengthandyieldstrengthachievethepeakvalueat470℃,490℃respectively.Thetestedsteelachieveatensilestrengthof2120MPa,ayieldstrengthof1950MPaandimpactenergyof54J/cm2afteroptimumtemperingat510℃.Whentemperingtemperatureisabove530℃theM2Ccarbidesandreverseausteniteiscoarsening.Aftertemperingat560℃thereverseaustenitereachesthemaximumvolumefractioninpresentwork.

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简介：Anapproximatemethodfordescribingtheplastichardening-softeningbehaviourofcircularpipessubjectedtopurebendingispresented.Theo-reticalestimationbasedontheuniformovalizationmodelandlocalcollapsemodelproposedinthepaperisincorporatedtogiveseveralsimpleformulationswithrea-sonableaccuracyfordeterminingtherelationshipbetweenbendingmoment(M)andcurvature(k)inthepurelybendedpipes.Attentionisfocusedonthecriticalcur-vatureassociatedwithmaximumresistantmomentandthemaximumchangeintheoriginaldiameterbeforetheendofuniformovalizationstageaswellasthelocalcollapsebehaviour.Somecomparisonsbetweenanalyticalresultsandexperimentalresultsaremadeinordertoexaminethetheory.

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简介：Thispaperstudiesthedynamicbehavioroflargedeformationofsphericalshellsimpactedbyaflat-nosedmissile.Byusingisometrictransformations,thedeformationmodesaregiven.OnthebasisofPerzyna-Symondsviscoplasticconstitutiveequations,themotionequationsoftheshellsareobtainedbyrigid-viscoplasticvariationalprinciple.Acomparisonmadebetweenthenumericalresultsandexperimentalonesindicatesthatthetwogroupsofresultsareinconformitywitheachother.

简介：日本松锯工，Monochamusalternatus，一个重要的松森林害虫和向量正在播送松枯萎原因消瘦的线虫枯萎疾病。在秋天，冬季和春天的低温度经常差别影响M的死亡。alternatus幼虫。在这篇论文，我们主要比较了死亡并且从不同季节的幼虫的冷变硬的差别，基于supercooling点(SCP)和个人结冰的累积概率(CPIF)。从秋天，冬季和春天季节的幼虫的冷变硬大部分是不同的。在秋天和春天幼虫的死亡和CPIF之间的关联在天1/4上是最高的，并且逐渐地与延长暴露持续时间减少了。这甲壳虫的死亡主要源于在短暴露持续时间结冰。然而，在冬季幼虫的死亡和CPIF之间的关联与延长暴露持续时间逐渐地增加了。死亡主要没源于在长暴露持续时间结冰。秋天幼虫比冬季和春天幼虫更易受影响、能适应。冬季幼虫有一个细微结冰忍耐趋势。我们的研究显示出那M。alternatus在自然选择下面进入了复杂冷变硬的策略。结冰回避是主要策略；与到上面的SCP或<的延长暴露持续时间0pC，寒冷忍耐是更重要的；这被跟随由在严厉冬季期间冻结忍耐。

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简介：ThehigherorderasymptoticfieldsatthetipofasharpV-notchinapower-hardeningmaterialforplanestrainproblemofModeⅠarederived.Theorderhierarchyinpowersofrforvarioushardeningexponentsnandnotchanglesβisobtained.Theangulardistributionsofstressforseveralcasesareplotted.Theself-similaritybehaviorbetweenthehigherordertermsisnoticed.ItisfoundthatthetermswithhigherordercanbenegleetedfortheV-notchangleβ>45°.

简介：1.6公里厚的表的非合金的钛的变硬的激光转变(LTH)，更近，到ASTM，等级3化学作文用2kWCWNd被调查:钇铝柘榴石激光。激光力量的效果(750-1250W)，扫描速度(10003000mm/min)和焦点的点位置(从?10到?30公里)在热输入，和变硬祷告的几何学上(即变硬的祷告宽度(HBW)，变硬的深度(HD)和变硬的祷告的入口的角度与表面(AEHB)介绍)用反应表面方法论(RSM)被调查。试验性的计划基于Box-Behnken设计矩阵方法。为预言热输入和变硬的祷告几何学的线性、二次的多项式方程被开发。结果显示建议模型在变硬的参数的限制以内足够地预言回答被使用。回归方程能被用来为需要的标准发现最佳变硬条件，这被建议。

简介：Inthepresentpaper,thecompatibilityequationfortheplanestressproblemsofpower-lawmaterialsistransformedintoabiharmonicequationbyintroducingtheso-calledcomplexpseudo-stressfunction,whichmakesitpossibletosolvetheelastic-plasticplanestressproblemsofstrainhardeningmaterialsdescribedbypower-lawusingthecomplexvariablefunctionmethodlikethatinthelinearelasticitytheory.Byusingthisgeneralmethod,theclose-formedanalyticalsolutionsforthestress,strainanddisplacementcomponentsoftheplanestressproblems’ofpower-lawmaterialsisdeducedinthepaper,whichcanalsobeusedtosolvetheelasto-plasticplanestressproblemsofstrain-hardeningmaterialsotherthanthatdescribedbypower-law.Asanexample,theproblemofapower-lawmaterialinfiniteplatecontainingacircularholeunderuniaxialtensionissolvedbyusingthismethod,theresultsofwhicharecomparedwiththoseofaknownasymptoticanalyticalsolutionobtainedbytheperturbationmethod.

简介：Inthisstudy,threekindsofdual-phase(DP)steelswereusedtoinvestigatetheinfluenceofsiliconcontentandintereriticalannealingtemperatureontheirmicrostructures,mechanicalproperties,andwork-hardeningbehaviors.Byaddingsiliconandmatchingthecriticalannealingtemperature,anewDPsteel(1.0Siandintercriticallyannealedat790℃)thatexhibitsanexcellentcombinationofultrahighstrengthandadequateductilitywasobtained.Variationsinthestrength,elongation,andfracturemechanismofthespecimenswithrespecttodifferentintercriticalannealingtemperatureswerecorrelatedtomicrostructuralfeatures.Withanincreaseinthesiliconcontent,thereisnosignificantchangeinthemartensiticbandstructureorferritemorphology.Atthesameannealingtemperature,theyieldstrengthandyieldstrengthratioofthespecimensdecreased,butatdifferentannealingtemperatures,thetensilestrengthwasreduced.TheHollomonanalysisresultsindicatethattheworkhardeningbehaviorobeysatwo-stagework-hardeningmechanism.Withanincreasingintercriticalannealingtemperature,the"transitionstrain"shiftstotheleft,andwithanincreasingsiliconcontent,the"transitionstrain"shiftstotheright.Thesurfaceexhibitsductilefracturescharacterizedbyahighdensityofmicrovoiddimples.Withanincreaseinthesiliconcontent,theaveragedimplesizeonthefracturesurfacedecreasesandtheplasticityofthematerialincreases.

简介：Vanadiumalloys(V-Cr-Tiseries)areimportantcandidatematerialsforblanketcomponentsoffusionreactorsduetotheirlowactivationandhighstrengthatelevatedtemperatures.Low-temperatureirradiationembrittlementdeterminestheoperationtemperaturelimitofVanadiumalloysfortheapplicationtostructuralmaterialsoffusionreactorsirradiationresponseofvanadiumalloysneedstobeclarifiedfortheirapplication.Inthepresentstudy,specimensoftwoalloys(V-4Cr-4TiandV-5Cr-5Ti)wereirradiatedwithenergeticHeionsandheavyionstounderstandhardeningofthealloysduetoheliumaccumulationandcascadedamageproduction.