简介：Thereactionsofimidatesincludingcyclicimidates,oxazolinesanddihydrooxazinewithphenoxyacetylchloride,wereinvestigated.TheresultsindicatethatdiacylamideoracylamidewasgeneratedfromN-phenoxyacetylatedimidates,whilecyclicimidateoxazolinesunderwentaring-openingreactiontoyielddifferentamidesdependingonthereactionconditions.Evenundernon-nucleophilicconditions,noβ-lactam-fusedoxazolinederivativewasobtained.

简介：GypsumcrystallizationalongwiththesimultaneousregenerationofKClwasinvestigatedbythereactionofCaCl2solutionwithK2SO4.WelldevelopedsheetstructuregypsumcrystalswereproducedwhenK2SO4solutionwasaddedintotheCaCl2solutionbyslowtitrationorinmultiplestagesover2-8hfollowedby2hequilibration.InordertoregenerateKClsolutionasconcentratedaspossible,K2SO4solidwasaddedintothegivenCaCl2solutioninsteadofK2SO4solution,obtaininggypsumcrystalswithalmostthesamequalitybymultistageadditionwith[SO42-]/[Ca2+]molarrationolargerthan0.8.However,impurityofK2SO4·CaSO4·H2OwasdetectedbyXRDandwasfurtherconfirmedbySEM-EDSintheproducedcrystalswhenthe[SO42-]/[Ca2+]ratioincreasedto1.1.ItisprovedthatappearanceofthedoublesulfateisattributedtotherelativelyhighconcentrationofK2SO4.So,itisessentialtoproperlycontrolthe[SO42-]/[Ca2+]ratioandmakesure[Ca2+]inexcesstosuppressthesolubilityofCaSO4evenattheexpenseoflowcalciumremovalrate.

简介：明显的antiplasticizing效果与MOCA的小数量在PVC被观察了，3,3-dichloro-4,4-diamino-diphenylmethane。PVC/MOCA混合的PVC-MOCA相互作用和结晶化行为详细被调查包括直接存储器存取，FTIR，和DSC根据一系列技术解释antiplasticization的机制。有MOCA的5phr的PVC的张力的力量到达的机械性质测试表演的结果最大的价值，69.5Mpa，它比纯PVC的高是大约23%。在张力的力量的上升在由直接存储器存取大小证实了的PVC上被归因于MOCA的antiplasticizing效果。从FTIR的证据表明一个强壮的结合氢的相互作用在MOCA和PVC重复单位的methine质子发生在-NH2组的氮原子之间。DSC分析的结果显示MOCA的那结晶化行为完全被压制，PVC的crystallinity随MOCA数量的增加减少。

简介：Interactionsofpolyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)withmetalchlorides(MgCl2,CaCl2,KC1andBaC12)havebeeninvestigatedbyviscometricandspectrophotometrictechniquesinaqueoussolutions.Intrinsicviscosity[η]of(PVP)hasshownadiscontinuitywithvaryingconcentrationofmetalchlorides.ThedecreasingorderofeffectivenessofcationisK1+＞Ca2+＞Mg2+＞Ba2+forpoly(vinylpyrrolidone)solution.ChangesintheabsorptionspectraofthecosoluteswereobservedinthepresenceofPVPinthelowerlimitoftheUV-visibleregioni.e.200-210nm.ThesechangeswereattributedtointeractionofPVPmoleculeswiththecosolutemolecules.Astheconcentrationofthecosoluteincreased,aredshiftinthepeakswasobserved,indicatinganincreaseininteractionbetweenPVPandcosolutes.

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简介：ThePd（PPh3）4-catalyzedcouplingreactionofalkenyl-disiamylboraneswithfurfurylchlorideinthepresenceoft-BuOKafforded（E）-furfurylalkenesstereospecificallyingoodyields.

简介：Acomputer-basedmodelandmethodwaspresentedtopredictthetimedependencyofchloridediffusioncoefficientsincementpaste.TheHYMOSTRUC3Dmodelwasappliedtogeneratea3Drepresentativeelementaryvolume(REV)ofcementpaste.Inthesimulationofmicrostructure,bothofcementhydrationandchloridebindingwereconsidered.Withthesimulatedmicrostructureofcementpaste,thefiniteelementmethodwasappliedtosimulatethediffusionprocessofchloridethroughthesaturatedcementpaste.BasedontheFick’sfirstlaw,thechloridediffusioncoefficientcanbecalculated.Inthismethod,theinfluencesofageandw/cratioonthechloridediffusioncoefficientwereevaluated.Thesimulatedchloridediffusivitieswithvariousw/catdifferenttimewerecomparedtoexperimentaldataobtainedfromtheliterature.Theexperimentalresultsindicatethatthechloridediffusioncoefficientdecreaseswiththeincreaseoftimeandthedecreaseofw/cratio.Thetrendofsimulatedrelationship(diffusioncoefficientvstime,diffusioncoefficientvsw/cratio)fitsverywellwiththeexperiments.

简介：在这个工作，我们通过腐蚀测试在纯镁的腐蚀上在氯化物离子和白朊的synergistic效果上报导。我们证明白朊的吸附主要在NaCl答案影响纯镁的阳极的极化行为。白朊的低集中在起始的沉浸时间提高纯镁的反应反应和氢的起始的发展。1g/L白朊的增加在NaCl答案为纯镁提供有限腐蚀控制。与低集中白朊比较，10g/L白朊的增加能有效地与0.20.8wt.%的NaCl集中在测试答案禁止纯镁的进一步的溶解，但是这效果与增加氯化物离子的集中逐渐地降低。

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简介：Thecomplexofneodymiumchloridelowerhydratewithdiethylammoniumdiethyldithiocarbamate(D-DDC)wassynthesizedconvenientlyinabsolutealcoholanddryN2atmosphere.ThetitlecomplexwasidentifiedasEt2NH2[Nd(S2CNEt2)4]bychemicalandelementalanalysesandthebondingcharacteristicsofwhichwascharacterizedbyIR.TheenthalpiesofsolutionofneodymiumchloridehydrateandD-DDCinabsolutealcoholat298.15Kandtheenthalpieschangeofliquid-phasereactionofformationforEt2NH2[Nd(S2CNEt2)4]atdifferenttemperaturesweredeterminedbymicrocalorimetry.Onthebasisofexperimentalandcalculatedresults,threethermodynamicparameters(theactivationenthalpy,theactivationentropyandtheactivationfreeenergy),therateconstantandthreekineticparameters(theapparentactivationenergy,thepre-exponentialconstantandthereactionorder)ofliquid-phasereactionofformationwereobtained.Theenthalpychangeofthesolid-phasetitlereactionat298.15Kwascalculatedbyathermochemicalcycle.

简介：CommercialproductionofvinylchloridefromacetylenereliesontheuseofHgCl2asthecatalyst,whichhascausedsevereenvironmentalproblemandthreatstohumanhealthbecauseofitstoxicity.Therefore,itisvitaltoexplorealternativecatalystswithoutmercury.WereportherethatN-dopedcarboncancatalyzedirectlytransformationofacetylenetovinylchloride.Particularly,N-dopedhighsurfaceareamesoporouscarbonexhibitsaratherhighactivitywiththeacetyleneconversionreaching77%andvinylchlorideselectivityabove98%ataspacevelocityof1.0mLmin-1g-1and200℃.Itdeliversastableperformancewithinatestperiodof100handnoobviousdeactivationisobserved,demonstratingpotentialstosubstitutethenotoriouslytoxicmercuricchloridecatalyst.

简介：Theeffectofinitialconcentrationsonsolidificationofammoniumchloridewatersolutionisnumericallyinvestigatedindetail.Thesolidifyingprocess.withthecoldwalltemperaturelowerthantheeutectictemperature,isassumedtobeone-dimensional,andcontrolledbyheatconductiononly.Thesimulationrevealsthat:(1)Thesolid-mushinterfacegrowsinalinearmanner,whilethegrowthrateofthemush-liquidinterfacedecreasesinaparabolicmanner,withincreasinginitialconcentrations.(2)Thetemperaturefieldinthewholeregionhasparaboliccharacteristics,butisshowsalinearfeatureinthesolidzoneandmushyzone.(3)Theconcentrationalwayshaslinearcharacteristicsinthemuch.(4)Thesolidfractiondistributionisstronglyaffectedbytheinitialconcertration.Thesolidificationprocessshowsquitedifferentfeatures,especiallyatsmallandhighinitialconcentrations.

简介：Thispaperdescribesthepreparationofpolystyrylsulfonylchloride,areactiveintermediate,anditsapplicationinsynthesesoffunctionalizedpolymerswhichcanbeusedinorganicchemistryaspolymericreagents,supportsandincontrolledreleasesystems.

简介：γ-Aminobutyricacid(GABA)isamajorneurotransmitterandplaysimportantrolesinboththedevelopingandmaturecentralnervoussystem(CNS).OnewaythatGABAcanactisbybindingtofast,ionotropicGABAAreceptorsinneurons.ThebindingofGABAtoGABAAreceptorscausesaconformationalchangethatopensionchannels,

简介：PolyvinylChloridereactedwithchlorosulfonicacidtofromapolymercatalystPVC-SO3H.Thispolymercatalystwasfoundtohavehighactivityforresterificationreactionbetweencarboxylicacidsandalcohols.Thispaperdealswiththeconditionsinsynthesisofn-butlyacetatecatalyzedwithPVC-SO3H.ThePVC-SO3Hwasusedasacatalystforpreparing11estersofaceticacid,propionicacidandbutyricacidwiththeyieldsof82-92%.

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简介：Theexperimentalandnumericalinvestigationsoftheflowwithreactionoftwogases:hydrogenchlorideHClandammoniaNH3wereperformed.ThearticlecontainsdescriptionofthevisualisationmethodoftheformationandflowofparticlesofammoniachlorideNH4Cl.Analysesofmeanconcentrationandvarianceofconcentrationfluctuationsofdispersedphasewereperformedfordifferentoutputsofgases.Numericalcalculationswereperformedforanalysedphenomenon.Bothnumericalandvisualisationresutswerematchedandcompared.