简介：Thispaperpresentsapreliminaryassessmentofthehydrogeologicalcharacteristicsofakarstmountainouscatchment,theSuoiMuoiRivercatchment,inthenorthwestofVietnam.Thecatchmentislocatedat600-700ma.s.1.andcoversanareaof284km.Exposedlimestoneoccupies32%ofthetotalcatchmentarea.Varioustypesofassessmentshavebeencardedout,includinggeologicalandhydrogeologicalfieldsurveys,cavesurveys,dye-tracertests,meteorologicalandsurfacewatermonitoring.Geologicalstudiesandcavesurveyshaveidentifiedthemostimportantactivecave/conduitsystemswithinthecatchment.Althoughthesedataareessential,theyareinsufficienttomakeacomprehensiveappraisalofthehydrologicnatureofthecatchmentunderinterest.Anattemptwasmadetocalculateaglobalwaterbalanceofthecatchment,basedonshort-term(15months)meteorologicalandstreamfiowrecords.Theresultsshowthat,despitetheexistenceofanumberofsubstantialcavernconduitsystems,thegroundwatersystemofthecatchmentisgovernedbythefracture/fissurematrix.Thecavernconduitsystemsonlycollectgroundwaterfromtheadjacentfracturematrixand/orconnecttopographicallyisolatedsurfacewatercourses.Thegroundwaterstorageofthecavernconduitsystemsappearstoberegionallyinsignificantincomparisonwiththegovernedfracturematrixgroundwatersystem.``

简介：ＴｈｅＭａｒｋＶｌｉｅｔｒｉｖｅｒｓｙｓｔｅｍｔｒａｎｓｐｏｒｔｓｂｅｄｍａｔｅｒｉａｌａｎｄｐｏｌｌｕｔｅｄｓｕｓｐｅｎｄｅｄｓｅｄｉｍｅｎｔｓｔｏｔｈｅＶｏｌｋｅｒａｋＺｏｏｍｌａｋｅ，ａｗａｔｅｒｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔｏｆｈｉｇｈｌｉｍｎｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌｖａｌｕｅ．Ｔｏｐｒｏｔｅｃｔｔｈｅｌｉｖｉｎｇ，ｗｏｒｋｉｎｇａｎｄｒｅｃｒｅａｔｉｏｎａｒｅａｓｉｎｔｈｉｓｃａｔｃｈｍｅｎｔ，ａｐｒｏｐｅｒｉｎｔｅｇｒａｔｅｄｗａｔｅｒｍａｎａｇｅｍｅｎｔｉｓｅｓｓｅｎｔｉａｌ．Ａｓｙｓｔｅｍａｔｉｃｃｏｎｔｒｏｌａｎｄｓａｎｉｔａｔｉｏｎｏｆｔｈｅｐｏｌｌｕｔｅｄｓｅｄｉｍｅｎｔｓｉｎｔｈｅｒｉｖｅｒｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔｗｉｌｌｈｅｌｐｔｏｓｔｏｐｆｕｒｔｈｅｒｄｅｇｒａｄａｔｉｏｎｏｆｔｈｅｗａｔｅｒｅｃｏｓｙｓｔｅｍｑｕａｌｉｔｙ．Ｔｈｅｒｅｆｏｒｅ，ａｔｒａｎｓｂｏｕｎｄａｒｙｃｏｌｌａｂｏｒａｔｉｏｎｂｅｔｗｅｅｎＢｅｌｇｉａｎａｎｄＤｕｔｃｈａｕｔｈｏｒｉｔｉｅｓｉｓｓｅｔｕｐｔｏｓｔｕｄｙａｎｄｓａｎｉｔａｔｅｔｈｉｓｉｎｔｅｒｒｅｇｉｏｎａｌｒｉｖｅｒｃａｔｃｈｍｅｎｔ．Ｔｏｉｍｐｒｏｖｅ?

简介：Theresponseofsedimentdischargeratetothefollowingfourecohydrologicalfactors:temperature,rainfall,evapotranspiration(ET),andstreamflowwasevaluatedbyconductingwaveletanalysisonLuergousmallcatchmentdatarangingfrom1982to2000.Forsedimentdischargerate,therewasanoveralltrendofreductionthatincludedaperiodicoscillationof6to7yearspercycle.Rainfallalsohadanoveralltrendofreductionthatincludedtwoperiodicoscillationsof7yearspercycleand2yearspercycle,respectively.Streamflowhadthesametrendasrainfallbuthadoneperiodicoscillationof6to7yearspercycle.Incontrastwithrainfallandstreamflow,thetrendsfortemperatureandETeachshowedanoverallincreasingtendency,andbothhadthesametwoperiodicoscillationsof6to7yearspercycleand4yearspercycle,respectively.Thesedimentdischargeratehadsignificantrelationshipswiththefourecohydrologicalfactors,withstreamflowandrainfallhavingpositivecorrelations,whileETandtemperaturehadnegativecorrelations.ThecorrelationbetweenETandsedimentdischargeratebecamestrongerwhenETwascomparedtothesedimentdischargerateofthefollowingyear.Therelationshipbetweensedimentdischargerateandthefourecohydrologicalfactorswasfurtherexpressedbythemulti-linearregressionmodelthatwasconstructed,whichmakessedimentdischargerateafunctionofstreamflow,rainfall,ET,andtemperature.

简介：TheblacksoilregionofnortheastChina,whichcoverstheProvincesofHeilongjiang,JilinandtheInnerMongoliaautonomousregionwithblacksoil,chernozemandmeadowsoil,hasexperiencedsoilerosionsinceintenseagriculturalreclamationbeganapproximately100yearsago.However,thesedimentdeliveryratio,definedasthefractionofgrosserosionthatistransportedfromagivenareainagiventimeinterval,isstillunclear.Inthisstudy,wecalculatedthedeliveryratioandanalysedchangesinerosiveprocesseswithinHebeicatchmentfrom1977to2007basedonananalysisofsedimentsoftheLiuduireservoir.Theoriginalvegetationlayerclearlyidentifiedthebottomofthereservoirwhenitwasconstructedin1977;thus,thereservoirsedimentscouldbepreciselydated.Thedeliveryratio,calculatedbycomparingthesedimentdepositioninthereservoirwiththetotalsoilerosionintheupstreamcatchment,wasfoundtobeexponentiallycorrelated(r~2=0.95,P<0.01)withdecreasinggrainsize,exceptforthefraction<0.002mm.Thedeliveryratiofortheclays(<0.002mm)waslow,averaging0.10duringthestudyperiod,whichindicatedpartialremovalofclaysfromthereservoir.Thechangesinthereservoirdepositionratereflectedthetemporalchangesintheerosionprocesses.Theexceptionallyhighrainfallin1998wasconfirmedbythedistributionsof~(137)Cs,~(210)Pb,andthegrain-sizeofthesediments.Beginningfromthepositionoftheoriginalgrasslayer,wedefinedthreeperiodsfrom1977to2007basedondepositionrates:2.40cmyear~(-1)from1977to1997,5.60cmyear~(-1)in1998duetounusuallyhighrainfall,and1.55cmyear~(-1)from1999to2007.Theoverallaveragedepositionratefortheentireperiodwas2.26cmyear~(-1).Precipitationwasfoundtobethemainfactoraffectingthesoilerosionofthestudyarea.

简介：在长江里的三个峡水坝的构造在生态系统和三个峡区域(TGA)的人口上有广泛的影响。淹没和再定居导致了影响深远的陆地使用和陆地盖子变化(LUCC)。被再定居的措施影响的区域处于在探讨持续陆地使用和水保留和人口经济需要的履行的各种各样的政府任务的实现之间的一种紧张的状况，它首先取决于农业生产。斜坡和土壤侵蚀的Destabilization是被坝所围住的水导致的立即的危险。耕作是收入的很重要的来源并且不得不在一方面坚持保证农村人口的收入。在另一方面，环境不得不被保护免受流量，连接到地势，地质学和水力的影响的土壤侵蚀和不稳定性的伤害。在这研究，监督了分类用Landsat-TM(1987和2007)和翠菊(2007)图象被执行。LUCC被分类以后的变化分析估计。在集水规模上，可耕地显著地减少了，当花园土地(柠檬果园)和树林增加了时。LUCC主要影响包围Xiangxi的水库(回水)的区域()河，由本地再定居开车，新建基础结构，陆地耕作的重定位，和到花园的可耕地的变换登陆。在内地，LUCC发生处于良好的竟技状态是的陆地耕作的放弃Grain-for-Green计划的后果。

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简介：Thepaperdemonstrateswhyitisnecessarytotaketherestorationofmarinecoastalecosystemhealthasanewgoalforintegratedcatchmentmanagement,incoastalareaoftheToloHarbour.Thepresentgoalofintegratedcatchmentmanagement(ICM)intheToloHarbouristomeetwithWaterQualityObjectives.TheperformanceofanICMplan,ToloHarbourActionPlan(THAP),isevaluatedbyusingmarinecoastalecosystemhealthindicatorsincludingstressindicatorsandresponsesindicators.SincetheimplementationofTHAPin1988,somesignificantreductioninpollutionloadinghasbeenobserved-reductionof83%ofBODloadand82%ofTNbetween1988and1999.TherehasbeenanimprovementinthehealthstateofToloHarbourmarinecoastalecosystemasevidencedinthetrendsofthephysical,chemicalandbiologicalindicators,althoughsomereversefluctuationsinsomeperiodsexist.However,thiscanonlybeconsideredasthefirstsignoftheecosystemhealthrestoration,sinceecosystemhealthco

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简介：这研究的目的到份量上评估热带降雨测量有雨计量器数据并且进一步的使命(TRMM)数据到使用驱使一个分布式的时间变体获得模型(DTVGM)在中国在半潮湿的Weihe河集水执行水文学模拟的这个TRMM数据。在模拟前，比较与一10年(20012010)设置的每日的雨计量器数据表明在每日的时间步，TRMM降雨数据擅长比降雨极端捕获雨出现和吝啬的值。在每月的时间规模上，在TRMM和雨计量器降雨数据之间的好线性关系被发现，与决心系数R<啜class=“a-plus-plus”>为个人在0.78和0.89之间变化的2驻扎。每日的水文学过程上的数据的七年(20012007)的随后的模拟结果证实DTVGM什么时候由雨计量器数据校准了，比什么时候由TRMM数据校准更好表现，但是TRMM数据驾驶的模拟的性能比在每月的时间规模上由计量器数据开车的好。结果因此建议TRMM降雨数据对在学习的每月的流速及流水量模拟更合适区域，和那当为水平衡部件的刻度和结果的效果也被考虑时，TRMM3B42-V7产品有潜力表现很好在类似的盆。

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简介：在山东省的沿海的集水，水缺乏由于盐水的侵入被加重，减少可得到的水资源的可用性。如此的一种状况要求持续综合水资源管理(IWRM)。为IWRM的目的和实现的想法在这篇论文被解释。在现在的学习的计划工程disscussed的一般目的是在欧洲水FrameworkDirective的上下文在水资源管理和更新的开发召集德国传统的专家知识；研究努力试图在山东省的肋骨的区域减轻绝望的水缺乏状况。