简介:以异丙醇铝为前驱体,HNO3为胶溶剂,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备Al2O3膜。考察HNO3浓度对溶胶及薄膜的影响,通过TG-DTG,XRD,AFM,BET等表征手段对溶胶的稳定性及黏度,薄膜的热稳定性,物相组成,表面形貌,微孔结构及分布等进行综合分析。结果表明:随HNO3浓度增大,溶胶黏度增大,HNO3浓度为5mol/L时溶胶发生团聚;薄膜的热稳定性较好,高于500℃加热薄膜几乎没有质量损失;随烧结温度升高,薄膜中的γ-AlOOH逐渐向γ-Al2O3转变,薄膜因此变得更加稳定;薄膜表面较为平整,微孔分布均匀,平均孔直径为4.22nm。
简介:Aseriesofnovelbluelong-lastingphosphorescencephosphorsSr6Al18Si2O37:Eu2+,RE3+(RE3+=Ho3+,Gd3+,Dy3+andPr3+)werepreparedbytheconventionalhigh-temperaturesolid-statereactioninareductiveatmosphere.TheirpropertiesweresystematicallyinvestigatedutilizingX-raydiffraction(XRD),photoluminescence,phosphorescenceandthermoluminescence(TL)spectra.ThephosphorsemittedbluelightthatwasrelatedtotheemissionofEu2+dueto5d-4ftransition.Brightbluelong-lastingphosphorescence(LLP)couldbeobservedaftertheexcitationsourcewasswitchedoff.Fortheoptimizedsample,thebluelong-lastingphosphorescencecouldlastfornearly4hinthelightperceptionofthedark-adaptedhumaneye(0.32mcd/m2).TheeffectsofRE3+ionsonphosphorescencepropertiesofthephosphorswerestudied,andtheresultsshowedthattheco-dopingofRE3+ionsgreatlyenhancedtheintensityofthepeakaround315Kwhichwasrelatedtothelonglastingphosphorescenceofthephosphorsatroomtemperatureandconsequentlyimprovedtheperformanceofthebluephosphorescencesuchasintensityandpersistenttime.
简介:Ca-dopedBaMgAl10O17:Eu2+,Mn2+(BAM)bluephosphorsweresynthesizedbyfluxassistedsolid-statereactionmethodusingCaF2andBaF2asco-flux.GooddispersityandparticlesizehomogenizationofhexagonalpurephaseBAMwereobtainedbysinteringat1400℃.TheeffectsoftheCa2+ionscontentonthestructure,morphologyandphotoluminescencepropertiesofthephosphorswerestudied.TheresultsindicatedthattheincorporationofCacoulddecreasethelatticeconstant,improvethehomogeneityanddispersityandenhancethephotoluminescence(PL)intensityofthephosphoreffectively.TheoptimumBa0.86Ca0.04Mg0.97Al10O17:0.1Eu2+,0.03Mn2+PLintensitywasenhancedforabout30%andrelativebrightnesswasimprovedabout4%.Furthermore,thesynthesizedBAMandcommercialBAMphosphorswereannealedfor30minat600oCinair.TheCa-dopedphosphorshadstrongeremissionintensity,higherbrightnessandbetterchromaticitystabilitythanthatofthecommercialphosphor.TheseresultsindicatedthatCa-dopedbluephosphorshadgoodpotentialapplicationsinthecommercialtricolorfluorescentlampsaswellasinotherdisplayandlamps.
简介:AseriesofCe0.5Fe0.30Zr0.20O2catalystswerepreparedbydifferentmethods(co-precipitationsmethod,citricacidsol-gelmethod,impregnationmethod,physicalmixedmethod,andhydrothermalmethod)andcharacterizedbyX-raydiffraction(XRD),Ramanspectroscopy,Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET)andH2-TPRmeasurements.Potentialofthecatalystsinthesootoxidationwasevaluatedinatemperature-programmedoxidation(TPO)apparatus.TheresultsshowedthatalltheFe3+andZr4+wereincorporatedintocerialatticetoformapureCe-Fe-Zr-Osolidsolutionfortheco-precipitationsample,buttwokindsofFephasesexistedintheCe-Fe-Zr-Ocatalystspreparedbyothermethods:Fe3+incorporatedintoCeO2latticeanddispersedFe2O3clusters.ThefreeFe2O3clusterscouldimprovetheactivityofcatalystsforsootoxidationcomparingwiththepureCe-Fe-Zr-OsolidsolutionowingtothesynergeticeffectbetweenfreeFe2O3andsurfaceoxygenvacancies.Inaddition,theactivityofcatalystsstronglyreliedonthesurfacereducibilityoffreeFe2O3particles.HoldingbothabundantfreeFe2O3particlesandhighoxygenvacancyconcentration,thehydrothermalCe0.5Fe0.3Zr0.2O2catalystpresentedthelowestTi(251°C,ignitiontemperatureofsootoxidation)andTm(310°C,maximumoxidationratetemperature)forsootcombustion(withtight-contactbetweensootandcatalysts)amongthefivesamples.Evenafteragingat800°Cfor10h,theTiandTmwerestillrelativelylow,at273and361°C,respectively,indicatinghighcatalyticstability.
简介:以钴粉、氧化钇和草酸铵为原料,采用均匀沉淀法制备Co-Y2O3的前驱体,经氢还原后得到Co-Y2O3复合粉末,研究反应溶液中CoCl2浓度、YCl3与CoCl2的物质的量比n(YCl3)/n(CoCl2)以及表面活性剂对Co-Y2O3复合粉末形貌和粒度的影响。结果表明:YCl3与CoCl2的物质的量比以及表面活性剂对Co-Y2O3复合粉的形貌都有很大影响。当n(YCl3)/n(CoCl2)的值由0增加到0.014时,复合粉形貌由棒状转变为梅花状;当n(YCl3)/n(CoCl2)进一步增大到0.040和0.078时,复合粉分别为絮状和粗棒状;向n(YCl3)/n(CoCl2)为0.014的混合溶液中加入十二烷基硫酸钠时,复合粉末形貌由梅花形转变为球形。CoCl2的浓度c(CoCl2)对复合粉末粒度和分散性有较大影响。随c(CoCl2)从0.2mol/L增加到0.5mol/L,复合粉末的平均粒度由7μm减小到4μm,并且粉末的分散性更好;当c(CoCl2)增加到0.8mol/L时,粉末的平均粒度增大到10μm,粉末的分散性变差。
简介:采用溶胶喷雾干燥-煅烧还原方法制备超细/纳米W-La2O3复合粉末,将粉末压制成形后在1950℃烧结,制备La2O3弥散强化钨合金,检测合金的密度与强度,并采用SEM对超细粉末形貌、合金的组织结构、断口形貌进行分析,结果表明:随La2O3加入量增加,粉末颗粒显著细化,W-0.7%La2O3复合粉末的粒径仅为0.1μm;制备的W-La2O3超细/纳米复合粉末具有很高的烧结活性,烧结后,合金最高相对密度达到99.1%;La2O3均匀弥散分布于钨晶界,抑制钨合金的晶粒长大,提高材料的强度,W-0.7%La2O3合金中钨平均晶粒尺寸仅为8.7μm,抗弯强度达到548MPa;合金的断裂形式表现为穿晶-沿晶共有的复合断裂形式。
简介:15%Ag-addedcubicperovskitesSr0.9La0.1TiO3andRuddlesden-Popper(RP)phasesSr2.7La0.3Ti2O7werefabricatedviahydrothermalsynthesis,coldpressingandhigh-temperaturesintering.Thestructureandthermoelectricpropertieswerealsoinvestigatedforallsamples.TheresultsindicatedthatAgprecipitatedasasecondphase.AgadditionmadeelectricalconductivityandabsoluteSeebeckcoefficientenhanced,asaresult,theZTvalueswereenhancedbothfortwoseries.Comparedwithcubicperovskite,RPphasewassubjectedtosmallerimpactbyAgaddition.ThereasonsforenhancingZTvalueandthedifferentimpactfortwoseriesbyAgadditionwerealsodiscussed.
简介:通过金相显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)和动态热机械分析仪(DMAQ800)等分析手段研究粉末冶金法制备的Ti-47Al-2Cr-2Nb-0.2W(原子分数,%)合金微观组织对其阻尼性能的影响。研究结果表明:Ti-47Al-2Cr-2Nb-0.2W合金初始组织为近γ组织,其阻尼性能最差,在振幅为100μm时,损耗因子仅为0.007;在1330℃下保温15min空冷可获得细小全层片组织,层片晶团的平均尺寸约为200μm,其损耗因子在振幅为100μm时达到0.012。随温度升高或保温时间延长,层片尺寸和晶团尺寸明显增大,合金阻尼性能下降,保温120min时层片晶团的平均尺寸约为510μm,其损耗因子在振幅为100μm时为0.009。细小全层片的阻尼性能最好,而双态组织的阻尼性能介于近γ组织和细小全层片组织之间。
简介:一系列立方的稀土元素sesquioxidesRE2O3的拉曼系列(RE=Eu,Gd,Dy,惊讶,嗯,Tm,Yb,陆,Sc和Y)被拉曼光谱学与532和785根nm激光线调查。丰富的另外的乐队由于激光激动的光被观察。为Eu2O3,Dy2O3,Ho2O3,Er2O3,Tm2O3和Yb2O3,,光主要为Gd2O3,Lu2O3,Sc2O3和Y2O3来自内在的三价的lanthanide离子,他们的光被归因于象Eu3+,Nd3+和Er3+那样的另外的光lanthanide离子的踪迹杂质。这调查为检测踪迹作为一个有用工具证实了拉曼光谱学光lanthanide杂质。
简介:以Mo、Nb、Si、Al元素粉末为原料,采用燃烧合成法制备名义成分分别为(Mo0.97Nb0.03)(Si0.97Al0.03)2、(Mo0.94Nb0.06)(Si0.97Al0.03)2、(Mo0.91Nb0.09)(Si0.97Al0.03)2与(Mo0.88Nb0.12)(Si0.97Al0.03)2等4种不同化含量的合金,研究其燃烧合成行为,分析燃烧合成过程中粉末压坯的燃烧模式、燃烧温度、燃烧波前沿蔓延速率以及产物组成。结果表明:随Nb含量增加,燃烧合成反应模式由螺旋燃烧逐渐转变为稳态燃烧。添加Nb、Al后,合金的最高燃烧温度升高,并随Nb含量增加呈现先升高后降低的变化趋势,其中(Mo0.91Nb0.09)(Si0.97Al0.03)2的燃烧温度最高,达到1924K,但燃烧波蔓延速率随Nb含量增加而逐渐降低。XRD结果表明:(Mo0.97Nb0.03)(Si0.97Al0.03)2合金主要由MoSi2构成,含有少量Mo(SiAl)2和Mo5Si3;(Mo0.94Nb0.06)(Si0.97Al0.03)2中开始出现NbSi2相,(Mo0.91Nb0.09)(Si0.97Al0.03)2和(Mo0.88Nb0.12)(Si0.97Al0.03)2合金中Mo5Si3的衍射峰强度进一步降低,而NbSi2的衍射峰略有增强,因而添加Nb有利于形成C40结构的NbSi2,同时抑制Mo5Si3的产生。SEM观察表明合金为多孔结构。
简介:Eu2+andDy3+codoped(Ca,Sr)7(SiO3)6Cl2yellowphosphorsweresuccessfullysynthesizedbyself-fluxmethod.Thestructure,morphologyandphotoluminescencepropertieswereinvestigatedbyX-raydiffraction(XRD),scanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM)andphotoluminescencespectra.Theas-preparedphosphorshowedabroademissionspectrumcenteredat550nmforEu2+single-dopedphosphor,whilelocatedat548–544nmfortheEu2+,Dy3+codopedsamplesunderexcitationat380nmlight.TheemissionintensitywasgreatlyimprovedwhenDy3+wasdopedintothe(Ca,Sr)7(SiO3)6Cl2:Eu2+system.Thecomposition-optimizedsamplewith3mol.%ofDy3+andconstant10mol.%ofEu2+exhibiteda220%PLenhancementcomparedtothephosphorwith10mol.%Eu2+single-doped.Meanwhile,itwasfoundthatthequantumefficiencyofphosphornamely(Ca,Sr)7(SiO3)6Cl2:3mol.%Dy3+,10mol.%Eu2+couldgetupto24.6%.Thesynthesizedyellow-emitting(Ca,Sr)7(SiO3)6Cl2:Dy3+,Eu2+isapromisingcandidateashigh-efficiencyyellowphosphorforNUV-excitedwhiteLEDs.
简介:用溶胶-凝胶法制备镍锌共掺杂Z型锶钴铁氧体Sr3(NiZn)xCo2(1-x)Fe24O41(x=0~0.5)粉末。用X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)表征该铁氧体粉末的晶体结构和表面形貌,并测试其室温磁滞回线和室温电阻率。用微波矢量网络分析仪测定该粉末在2~18GHz微波频率范围的复介电常数和复磁导率,根据测量数据计算电磁损耗角正切及微波反射率,分析该材料的微波吸收性能与电磁损耗机理。结果表明:Sr3(NiZn)xCo2(1-x)Fe24O41粉末呈六角片状形貌,晶体结构为Z型,具有良好的软磁特性;x=0.3时该材料的电阻率最低,微波吸收效果最好,在13.5GHz频率的吸收峰为25.1dB,10dB频带宽度为7.7GHz,兼具强的磁损耗和弱的介电损耗。
简介:Semi-solidAl2Y/AZ91magnesiummatrixcompositesslurrywaspreparedbyultrasonicvibration,effectofultrasonicvibrationtemperatureandtimeonmicrostructureofsemi-solidslurrywasinvestigated.Theresultsshowedthatwiththeultrasonicvibrationtemperaturedecreasingthesolidvolumefractionofsemi-solidslurryincreased.Thebestultrasonicvibrationtemperaturewas600oC.Withtheincreaseofultrasonicvibrationtime,theaveragegraindiameterofprimaryа-Mgparticlesdecreasedfirstly,thenincreased,theaverageshapefactorincreasedgraduallyanddecreasedslightlyafter90s,andafewrosettedendriteswereobservedafter120s.Thebestsemi-solidslurrywithaveragegraindiameterof75μmandshapefactorof0.7weregainedafterthemeltwastreatedbyultrasonicvibrationforabout60satnearliquidustemperature(600oC).Atlast,themicrostructureevolutionmechanismofsemi-solidmagnesiummatrixcompositesslurrywasanalyzedbythetheoriesofthermodynamicsandkinetics.
简介:Ceriasphereswithdifferentsizesandsulfurizedproductswithcorrespondingmorphologywerepreparedbyhydrothermalandgas-solidreactionmethodat600–800°CunderCS2atmosphereforashorttime,respectively.Dimensionaleffectinpreparationofγ-Ce2S3wasfirstlyinvestigatedbymeansoftechniquessuchasscanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM),X-raydiffraction(XRD),thermalgravimetricanalysis(TGA)andspectrophotometer.Theresultsshowedthatwhenceriananoparticleswithsmallsizewereusedasprecursors,theγ-Ce2S3couldbepreparedatthelowertemperatureandthebadlysinteredproductswereobtained;whenceriananoparticleswithlargesizewereemployedasprecursors,pureγ-Ce2S3wasdifficultlyobtainedevenifthetemperaturewasupto800°Candtheproductstendedtokeeptheiroriginalsize.Theheat-resistancepropertyoftheγ-Ce2S3withlargesizewasbetterthanthesmallerone,andthepureγ-Ce2S3preparedfromprecursorwithsmallsizehadagoodpigmentaryperformance.
简介:通过粉末冶金原位合成法制备Al3Ni金属间化合物增强铝基复合材料。采用X射线衍射,扫描电镜,硬度测试和压缩强度测试,研究烧结温度对复合材料微观结构和力学性能的影响。结果表明:在铝基体中成功获得了均匀分布的金属间化合物Al3Ni增强相;随烧结温度从570℃上升到590℃,复合材料的密度从2.435g/cm^-3上升到2.990g/cm^-3,维氏硬度从~24升高到~37;经590℃烧结制备的复合材料表现出了高的压缩强度(255MPa)和伸长率(~40%)。
简介:采用杂凝聚的方式制备CNTs(CNTs为碳纳米管Carbonnanotubes)分散均匀的3Y-ZrO2/CNTs混合粉体,热压后得到3Y-ZrO2/CNTs复合陶瓷块体材料。与普通球磨混料法制备的陶瓷样品进行对比,研究CNTs含量以及CNTs的分散性对3Y-ZrO2/CNTs复合陶瓷的组织、密度、断裂韧性以及电学性能的影响,并分析CNTs对陶瓷的增韧机理。结果表明,采用杂凝聚处理有助于CNTs在3Y-ZrO2/CNTs复合陶瓷中的均匀分散,CNTs含量(质量分数,下同)为1.00%的3Y-ZrO2/CNTs复合陶瓷的断裂韧性达到(18.13±0.50)MPa·m1/2,较球磨混料法制备的样品提高35.10%。陶瓷基体中均匀分散的CNTs不仅通过促进马氏体相变起到增韧作用,而且CNTs的桥联和拔出机制也直接起到增韧的作用。CNTs在陶瓷基体中均匀分散能大幅降低复合陶瓷的导通阈值。经杂凝聚预处理的CNTs含量为4.00%时,3Y-ZrO2/CNTs复合陶瓷的电导率达到4.467S/m,比不含CNTs的3Y-ZrO2陶瓷高13个数量级;当CNTs含量为1.00%时,复合材料的相对介电常数达到6340,比未经杂凝处理的样品高2个数量级。