简介:TheearthquakeactivityanddamageinmainlandChinain2003arereviewed.Therewere27earthquakeswithamagnitudeofover5.0,resultingin319peoplekilledand7147peopleinjured.Thetotaleconomiclossofover560millionUSdollarsrepresentsthehighestfigureformainlandChinasince1977,anditiscomparabletothetotallossduringonedecadeinthe1980's.ForthefirsttimeChinaInternationalSearchandRescue(CISAR)teamsweredispatchedtodisasterareasinChina,Algeriaandlran.
简介:Inthelate19thandtheearly20thcentury,withexpandingindustrialismandurbanisation,theideaofthenationstategrewstronginSweden.Inthisnationalisticenvironment,natureandthenaturalsciencesassumedanimportantunifyingrole.Thesearchfornaturalresourcesandsourcesofenergyinspiredpoliticalsupportandresearch.Theexploitationofnaturewaslookeduponasaprerequisiteforthemodernizationofthecountry,andindeedwastobecomethebasisforSweden'swelfare.Itwasunderthesecircumstancesthat,in1906,the11thIGCwasinvitedtoStockholmin1910.ArequestforaGovernmentgrantfocusedontheinternationaldevelopmentofsciencebutalsostressedthenationalimportance.Swedenhad,itwassaid,itsrankingpositionamongnationstodefend,toupholditspositionamongcivilizednations,andtomaintainitsdistinguishedtraditioninthespheresofnaturalsciencesandminingoperations.ThemaintopicsoftheCongresswereironoreresources,post-glacialclimatechange,glacialerosion,theCambrianfauna,geologyofthePrecambrian,andgeologyofthepolarregions.Threeexhibitionsand24excursionswerearranged,and41guidebooksprinted.Thenumberofmemberspresentwas625,from37countriesandsixcontinents.Thefinalcostforarrangingthe11thIGCwasSEK125,000(approximately∈540,000today).AnovelexperienceinthetraditionoftheIGCswastheworld-wideinquiriesabouttheresourcesofironoreandaboutclimatechange.Suchthematic,worldwideinvestigationssubsequentlycametoattracttheattentionofmanyIGCs.ApropositiontoestablishacommissionforthepublicationofaninternationalstratigraphicdictionarywasapprovedbytheCongress,andasubcommissionwassetupwithcommissionersfromtencountries,butitwasnotuntil1956thatthefirstvolumesofLexiqueStratigraphiqueInternationalappeared.FromaSwedishpointofview,theCongresscompelledSwedishgeologiststocarryoutaninventoryoftheresultsofSwedishgeologicalr
简介:IthasbeenatraditiontoorganizeverysuccessfulUNESCOPostgraduateCoursesonGeochemicalProspectingMethodsintheformerCzechoslovakiafrommid70's.Thefirstcertificatedcourse--GEOCHIMPRAHAUNESCO1975waslaunchedonSeptember5,1975andlastedtillOctober25,1975.SincethattimethiscoursehasbeenorganizedbiannuallybytheCzechGeologicalSurveyinPraguetogetherwiththeDionyzSturGeologicalSurveyinBratislavaandsponsoredbytheDivisionofEarthSciences(UNESCO/Paris)andtheInternationalAssociationofGeochemistryandCosmochemistry(IAGS).Thecoursewasspecializedonboththeoreticalandpracticaltraininginclassicalgeochemicalprospectingmethods.AteamofinternationallyexperiencedgeoscientistsasDrs.J.Pokorny,F.Mma,J.Manour,V.LomozovaZ.Sulcek,I.Rubeska,A.Spackova,V.Sixta,J.Juna,J.Veselu,J.Dornicandothers,co-ordinatedbyDr.ZdenekPacalfromtheCzechGeologicalSurveyinPraguehassoonearnedhighinternationalreputationandtheGEOCHIMCSSRUNESCOPostgraduateCoursedevelopedintooneofthemostsuccessfulPostgraduateTrainingProgrammesofUNESCO.
简介:<正>尽管2001年的“9·11”事件对哈萨克斯坦经济造成了一定影响,但由于塔利班政权很快垮台,这种影响并没有像刚开战时那么大.2002年第一季度经济仍有较快增长.工业产值同比增长12.1%,农业产值增长5.5%,投资增长10.3%,货运量增长9%,零售商品总额增长10.4%.但外贸额却下降了4.9%.可是,到第二季度,工业产值、货物周转量、固定资产投资都比原计划数要低.第二季度,工业产值增长为5.9%,而上年同期增长为10.4%.其增长低于上年的原因是由于采矿业和加工业生产增速缓慢.工业产值第三季度增长9.5%,2002年前3个季度国内生产总值增长9.4%.2002年石油产量继续增加.10月该国能源与自然矿产部部长说,石油(包括凝析油)产量可达到4500×104t.