简介：Sulfurtransformationin3soilsmaintainedinaclosedincubationsystemanditsavailabilitytoplantswereinvestigatedusingcarrier-free^35S-SO4^2-and^35S-labeledryegrassstraw.Forcarrier-freeNa2^35SO4treatment,78%,70%and64%of^35SappliedwerefoundinCa(H2PO4)2-extractaleSfraction,4%,5%and7%inslowlysolubleinorganicS,11%,15%and18%inC-O-S,5%,7%,and6%inC-bondedS,and5%,7%and6%inunidentifiedorganicS120daysafterincubationinblacksoil,cinnamonsoilandchestnutsoil,respectively.Mostof35Suptakebyplantscamefromextractable35SO4^2-,andlittlefromC-O-^35SandC-bonded^35S,Inthetreatmentwith35S-labeledstraw,51%,46%and36%of35SincorporatedwerefoundinCa(H2PO4)2-extractableSfraction,7%,6%and7%inslowlysolubleinorganicS,13%,15%and18%inC-O-S,8%,8%and6%inC-bondedS,and18%,25%and35%inunidentifiedorganicSattheendofincubationinabove-mentonedthreesoils,respectively.HigheravailabilityofC-O-35S,C-bonded35Sandunidentifiedorganic35Sfrom35S-labeledstrawwasobservedin35S-labeledstrawtreatmentcomparedtocarrier-freeNa2^35SO4treatment.

简介：AdsorptionofCr(VI)andp-chloroanilineonthreetypicalsoilcolloidsandpHinfluencewerestudiedusingbatchequilibriummethod.BothofCr(VI)andp-chloroanilineadsorptiononthecolloidscouldbewelldescribedbygeneraladsorptionsimulationequations,TheadsorptionprocesseschangedwithmediapH.WhenCr(VI)andp-chloroanilinecoexistedonsoilcolloids,theirinteractionscouldbeobservedinacertainpHrangetobeaccompaniedwithCr(VI)reduction,whichclearlysuggestedthatasurfacecatalyticreactionoccurredinthissystem.SoilcolloidactedasaneffcientcatalystfortheinteractionofCr(VI)andp-chloroaniline.ThepHvaluesatwhichnointeractionwasobservedwere4.0,4.5and5.0forthecolloidsofindigoticblacksoil,yellow-brownsoilandlatosol,respectively,Capillaryelectrophoresisusedtoanalyzep-chloroanilineprovidedahighseparationefficiencyandshortseparationtime,andneedednomoreextensivepretreatmentofsamples.

简介：高分辨率、栅格化的气候数据作为环境因子是地学模型和气候模型等相关研究的重要参数，国内外的研究多集中于温度、降水等气象要素，对陆面蒸发空间化研究较少。对黄土高原多沙粗沙区及周围共计53个气象站点（多沙粗沙区30个）蒸发皿测量值Epan进行空间插值，以5变量局部薄盘样条函数（经纬度为自变量。净辐射、水气压差和风速为协变量），建立具有多元线性子模型的蒸发插值模型，以ANUSPLIN为实现软件，生成连续21年共252个蒸发表面。交叉验证表明：引入蒸发影响因子作为协变量线性子模型进行表面插值能显著提高插值精度，夏季提高幅度更大，拟合表面具有较高的精确度与平滑度。蒸发随协变量的变率显示，在多沙粗沙区，水气压差是夏季蒸发的主要控制因素，风速对蒸发的影响冬季稍强一些，净辐射的影响没有明显的季节性，只在春分和秋分时节有微小提高。

简介：EctomycorrhizalfungusLaccariabicolorS238N,isolatedfromaforestsoilincentralFrancein1990s,hasdemonstratedunequivocallyandabilitytopromotepinegrowth.Inthepresentnurserybedexperiment,theabilityofthisectomycorrhizalfungustoincreasegrowthandPandKuptakeofDouglasFirseedlings(Zone22)wasexamined.Growthofinoculatedseedlingswasovertwice(plantheight)andthreetimes(biomass)thatofnon-inoculatedones.Similarly,boththeconcentrationsandtheamountsofPandKuptakebyseedlingsweresignificantlyincreasedbyfungalinoculation,indicatingtheimprovementofPandKnutritioninmycorrhizalseedlings.Incontrast,Al-Pinthesoilswasdecreasedobviouslybyplants,especiallybymycorrhizas,suggestingutilizationofthissoilPpoolbyplantsandmoreefficientAl-Pmobilizationbymycorrhizasthanbynomycorrhizas.Moreover,Kextractedby1mol/LHClfollowingconsecutiveextractionofH2OandCH3COONH4,whichmaynotbeplantavailable,couldbeutilizedbyfunguscoloniedroots.ThiscouldbeexplainedbythereleaseofprotonsandoxalatebyhypaewhichleadstoreplacementofinterlayerKinnonexpanded2:1claymineralsandbio-weatheringofphyllosilicates.

简介：为提高大凌河流域水土流失综合防治技术水平，在水土保持信息资料收集与抽样实地调查的基础上，应用RS、GPS与GIS技术，构建大凌河流域水土保持管理信息系统。该系统不仅利用了RS技术信息丰富、宏观性强等特性，还充分发挥了GIS具有的强大空间分析和管理功能。通过高效科学的管理决策过程，为水土保持监测工作的开展奠定了扎实的数据信息基础和更新方法基础，实现全流域水土保持信息资源共享及动态更新、动态管理和动态监督，从而使辽西大凌河流域水土保持管理实现了信息化、自动化、智能化和高效化。