简介：使用连续调幅声信号记录听神经动作电位的方法,测定了豚鼠耳蜗水平的调谐曲线。调幅声的频率特性优于滤波短声及短纯音。调幅声作测试声测定的CAP调谐曲线,均呈锲形,有锐利的尖顶。相隔3天测的CAP调谐曲线形状基本相同,曲线的Q10dB值、CF阀值和CF两边曲线的斜率在两次测试之间十分接近。作者认为:用调幅声作为刺激信号,可记录耳蜗水平的听神经动作电位,由此测得的耳蜗CAP调谐曲线,可为临床听力学进行听觉辨别功能评价提供新的手段。

简介：目的探讨缩短小切口非超乳白内障摘除人工晶体晶植人术学习曲线的途径.方法对2006年萧县彭年光明行动中完成29例小切口非超乳白内障摘除人工晶体晶植入术的病例进行回顾性分析.结果通过最先完成17例小切口非超乳白内障摘除人工晶体晶植入术部分手术操作步骤,循序渐进最后独立完成12例小切口非超乳白内障摘除人工晶体晶植入术的全部操作步骤.结论熟练掌握白内障囊外摘除+人工晶体植入技术,是缩短小切口非超乳白内障摘除+IOL植入学习曲线的关键因素.

简介：目的观察白三烯拮抗剂孟鲁司特对儿童分泌性中耳炎（SOM）声导抗曲线恢复的作用。方法选取门诊急性SOM患儿80例（108耳）,随机分为观察组和对照组,观察组42例（56耳）、对照组38例（52耳）。2组均给予抗生素1周、糠酸莫米松鼻喷雾剂2周及黏液促排剂2周治疗,观察组在此基础上加用白三烯拮抗剂孟鲁司特,疗程2周,观察疗效。结果观察组的有效率（69.6%）明显高于对照组（42.3%）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论在儿童SOM的治疗中加用白三烯拮抗剂有助于声导抗曲线的恢复。

简介：目的：探讨机械性眼外伤的临床特征及诊疗结果分析。方法：收集我院收治的机械性眼外伤122例122眼的临床资料,进行记录及回顾性分析。结果：机械性眼外伤122例中,开放性眼外伤116眼（95.1%）,闭合性眼外伤6眼（4.9%）,男女之比6.18∶1,机械性眼外伤以眼球开放性损伤为最多,致伤多以异物为主,经过及时手术治疗,全部保住了眼球,与入院视力相比,出院视力得到明显提高。结论：工作和生产意外是机械性眼外伤的主要原因,病情复杂,合并症多,后果严重,应加强防范。及时的医院就诊和眼科显微手术技术的提高及玻璃体视网膜手术的开展是挽救伤眼视力、降低机械性眼外伤并发症的有效措施。

简介：目的分析儿童呼吸道异物的流行病学特征,减少儿童呼吸道异物的发生。方法回顾分析2010～2012年在本院经硬性支气管镜手术治疗的1085例呼吸道异物患儿的临床资料。结果1085例患者中,3岁以下的男性患儿占58.17%;城乡比为1∶2.52;冬春季节发病人数占总发病人数的61.05%;83.59%的患儿在患病24h后获得有效诊治,其中右侧支气管异物46.57%;坚果类食物占所有吸入异物种类的79.94%;进食哭闹占所有诱发因素的78.43%。结论儿童呼吸道异物的发生具有明显的性别、年龄、城乡、季节分布特征,以坚果类食物为主,常由进食哭闹诱发。依据流行病学特征制订干预策略将有助于降低该类意外事件的发生。

简介：目的：观察和分析Vogt-小柳原田病（Vogt—Koyanagi—Harada，VKH）葡萄膜炎期多湖状视网膜脱离的光学相干断层扫描（OCT）图像特征。方法：对12例VKH患者24眼进行眼底荧光血管造影（fundusfluoresceinangiography，FFA）和OCT检查。结果：OCT图像可见12例24眼均有视网膜神经上皮浆液性脱离，视网膜下间隔将视网膜神经上皮脱离区分成多个部分。应用激素治疗后，视网膜浆液性渗出吸收，视网膜下的间隔完全消失。结论：VKH治疗前，视网膜下间隔导致VKH多湖状视网膜脱离。

简介：AIM:Totestthehypothesisthatamblyopicneuroretinamayhaveanalteredthicknesswhencomparedtothenormal.·METHODS:Twenty-fiveamblyopic,youngpatientsbetweentheagesof7and11yearsoldwerestudied.Theinterestedneuroretinaareasaredefinedinto10sub-regionsaccordingtosuperior-inferior,nasal-temoral,andperi-paraaxis,whichcrossthefovelastructure.Thethicknessesoften,definedmacularregionswereseparatelymeasuredbyopticalcoherencetomography(OCT)andanalyzedbyt-test.·RESULTS:Theaveragethicknessofneuroretinaintheexactfoveolaoftheamblyopiceyesislargerthanthatofnormaleyes(P<0.05),buttheothernineregionshavenosignificantdifference.Interestingly,inboththenormalandamblyopiceyes,thetemporalarealooksthinnerthanotherquadrants(P<0.05).·CONCLUSION:Thicknessalterationmaybeassociatedwithamblyopicdisordersinyoungpatients.Studyingalargervolumeofsubjectsofsimilarageisrequiredtoconfirmthisobservation.

简介：目的采用不同色彩多焦视网膜电图（mfERG）刺激模式刺激正常眼黄斑部视网膜,观察不同刺激模式mfERG的波形改变及其特征,为将不同色彩刺激模式mfERG应用于黄斑疾病的检测提供正常基线标准和评估检查的可行性。方法分别采用黑/白刺激模式、黑/红刺激模式和黑/绿刺激模式对19例正常视力成年志愿者进行检测,比较分析一阶kernel反应（FOK）的平均反应密度和峰时变化特征,以及稳态闪烁光反应（flicker-30Hz）的平均反应密度和峰时的变化特征。结果正常人FOK以及flicker-30Hz1~5环P1波潜时与刺激色彩的亮度呈负相关,而P1波平均反应密度与刺激色彩亮度呈正相关,P1波峰时和平均反应密度与平均亮度均呈线性回归关系,表现为其亮度特征。结论不同色彩刺激模式存在亮度效应,由不同色彩的不同亮度特征性改变可以客观反映黄斑区不同亮度通道的功能情况。

简介：AIM:Topresenttheoutcomeofmodifiedgridlaserphotocoagulation(GLP)indiffusediabeticmacularedema(DDME)ineyeswithoutextrafovealand/orvitreofovealtraction.METHODS:InclusioncriteriafortheretrospectivestudywereDDMEeyesofpatientswithtypeⅡdiabetesmellitusthathad≥4monthsoffollow-upfollowingGLP.Onlyoneeyeperpatientwasanalyzed.Using3-Dspectral-domainopticalcoherencetomography(3-DSDOCT),eyesthathadeitherextrafovealorvitreofovealtraction,orhadbeenpreviouslytreatedbyanintravitrealmedication(s)wereexcluded.TreatedDDMEeyesweredividedinto4groups:A)'Classic'DDMEthatinvolvedthecentralmacula;B)edemadidnotinvolvethemacularcenter;C)eyesassociatedwithcentralepiretinalmembrane(ERM);D)DDMEthatwasassociatedwithmacularcapillarydropout≥2disc-diameter(DD).RESULTS:GLPoutcomein35DDMEeyesafter4-24(mean,13.1±6.9)monthswasasfollows:GroupA)18eyeswith'classic'DDME.Followingoneor2(mean,1.2)GLPtreatments,best-correctedvisualacuity(BCVA)improvedby1-2Snellenlinesin44.4%(8/18)ofeyes,andworsenedby1linein11.1%(2/18).Centralmacularthickness(CMT)improvedby7%-49%(mean,26.6%)in77.8%(14/18)ofeyes.CausesofCMTworsening(n=4)werecommonlyexplainable,predominantly(n=3)associatedwithemergenceofextrafovealtraction,5-9monthspost-GLP.GroupB)GLP(s)inDDMEthatdidnotinvolvethemacularcenter(n=6)resultedinimprovedBCVAby1-2linesin2eyes.However,thecentralmaculabecameinvolvedintheedemaprocessaftertheGLPin3(50%)eyes,associatedwithanemergenceofextrafovealtractioninoneoftheseeyes4monthsfollowingtheGLP.GroupC)GLPfailedinall5eyesassociatedwithcentralERM.GroupD)GLPwasofpartialbenefitin2of6treatedeyeswithmacularcapillarydropout≥2DD.CONCLUSION:EyeswithDDMEthatinvolvedthemacularcenterwerefoundtoachievefavourableoutcomesafterGLP(s)duringmid-termfollow-up,unlesscomplicatedpre-GLPorpost-GLPbyvltreoretinalinterfaceabnormalities,oftenextrafovealtra

简介：AIM:Toevaluatetheepidemiologic,anatomic,andclinicalfeaturesofopenglobeinjuriesinchildren.METHODS:Themedicalfilesofpatientsundertheageof16whohadbeenoperatedforanopenglobeinjuryatAkdenizUniversityHospital’sDepartmentofOphthalmologywereretrospectivelyevaluated.RESULTS:Atotalof90patientswereevaluatedinthisstudy.Amongthesepatients,26(28.9%)werefemaleand64(71.1%)weremale.Themeanageofthepatientswas7.7±4.2years.Themale/femaleratiowasobservedtoincreasewithincreasingage(P=0.006,P=7.48).Injuriesweremostlikelytooccurinspringandautumn(P=0.028).Thetimeintervalbetweentheinjuryandthesurgicalrepairwas9.36±27.4h.Forty(44.4%)oftheinjuriesoccurredinthehome,27(30%)occurredintheyard,and21(23.3%)happenedwhileplayinginthestreet.Themostcommoncausesofinjuryweresharpmetalobjects(P<0.001).Injurytothecorneaoccurredin47(52.2%)ofthepatients(P<0.001).Themostcommoncomplicationtooccurwascataractformation.Additionaloperationswerenecessaryfor37(41.1%)ofthepatients.Thefinalvisualacuitywascorrelatedwithboththeinitialvisualacuityofthewoundedeyepriortosurgeryandthelengthofthewound(P<0.001,r=0.502andP<0.001,r=-0.442,respectively).CONCLUSION:Openglobeinjuriesthataresufferedinchildhoodgenerallyoccureitherathome,intheyard,oronthestreet,withsharpmetalobjectsbeingthemostcommoncauseofinjury.Theinitialvisualacuityandthelengthofthewoundarethemostimportantdeterminantsofthefinalvisualacuity.

简介：AIM:Tocharacterizetheclinicalfeatures,diagnosis,treatmentandprognosisofuveitisassociatedwithankylosingspondylitis(AS)inChinesepatients.·METHODS:TwohundredandthreepatientswithuveitisassociatedwithASfollowed-upintheThirdMilitaryMedicalUniversityDapingHospitalbetween2005and2010wereretrospectivelyevaluatedinthisstudy.Completeophthalmologicalexaminationswereevaluatedatbaselineandduringthefollow-upperiod.Thegender,age,follow-uptime,meanfrequencyofuveitisonset,andaccompanyingeyeexaminationfindings,history,demographicalparameterswerereviewed.Allthepatientspresentedcompleteclinicalandradiologic(sacroiliac,lumbar,dorsalandcervicalspine,knee,ankle,shoulder,hip,elbow)evaluation.HLA-B27typingwasalsosearched.·RESULTS:Therewere203patientsdiagnosedwithASassociateduveitis.AllshowedsacroiliacX-raychangesindicativeofAS.Therewere184maleand19femalepatients.Theaverageageofpatientswas35±12(range18-50).Meanfollow-upperiodwas2.4years(1-5years).Acuteanterioruveitiswasthemostcommontypeofuveitisinbothgenders.121eyespresentedunilateralinvolvement(55.2%),and92eyespresentedbilateralinvolvement(45.3%)withonsetalternately.22eyesoccurredhypopyon,16eyeswerefoundanteriorvitreouscells,7eyeswerenotedreactivemacularedemaorexudation,29eyespresentedposteriorsynechiaeofiris,and14eyespresentedcataract,9eyespresentedsecondaryglaucoma,2eyespresentedbendcornealdegenerationand1eyespresentedatrophyofeyeball.Atthefinalvisit,uveitiswaswellcontrolledinmostpatients.·CONCLUSION:ASassociatedwithuveitisinChinesepatientsmainlymanifestsasacuteanterioruveitis.AcombinationofcorticosteroidswithothermydriasisagentsiseffectiveformostASassociatedwithuveitispatients.Ingeneral,theprognosisisgoodinthesecases.

简介：目的比较急性中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变（CSC）的患侧与对侧眼视网膜频域相干光断层扫描（OCT）的图像特征。方法应用频域OCT对30例（60眼）单眼发病急性CSC患者患侧和对侧眼的黄斑部视网膜显微结构进行检测，比较患侧组与对侧组黄斑中心凹外核层厚度、光感受器层（IS／OS层）、视网膜色素上皮（RPE）形态差异。结果所有30例患者患侧眼均有不同程度黄斑部视网膜浆液性脱离，对侧眼中有4眼（13．3％）存在轻度视网膜浆液性脱离；患侧组黄斑中心凹外核层厚度均值为（95．32±24．87）μm，对侧组为（98．80±14．36）μm，两组差异无统计学意义（t=1．627，P=0．110）。患侧组中IS／OS层厚度均匀一致者12眼（40．0％），对侧组20眼（66．7％）；患侧组IS／OS层厚度均匀一致伴内外节缺损、不均、凸起增厚者共18眼（60．O％），对侧组共10眼（33．3％），差异有统计学意义（X2=4．28，P=0．038）。患侧组中出现RPE异常者有24眼（80．0％），对侧组中有8眼（26．7％），差异有统计学意义（x。=17．143，P=0．000）。结论频域OCT能清晰显示急性CSC患者的细微病理结构改变，单眼发病CSC患者中一部分对侧眼存在IS／OS层和RPE异常，但是其发生率较患侧眼低。（中国眼耳鼻喉科杂志，2013，13：165—167）