简介：BACKGROUND:Duringthecellularagingprocess,thenumberofmitochondria,generationofadenosinetriphosphate(ATP),activityofrespiratorychainenzymecomplex1and4,andoxidationdecrease.OBJECTIVE:Toobservetheeffectsofaqueousandspirituousextract,aswellaspolysaccharidesfromFructusschizandrae(MagnoliaVine)onenergymetabolismandmitochondrialanti-oxidationincranialnervecellsofaD-gal-inducedagingmousemodel.DESIGN,TIMEANDSETTING:Arandomized,controlled,animalstudy.TheexperimentwasconductedattheDepartmentofBiochemistry,QiqiharMedicalCollegebetweenMarchandJuly2006.MATERIALS:Fiftyhealthy,Kunmingmiceofbothsexes,aged2-3monthsoldandweighing18-22g,wereusedforthepresentstudy.FructusschizandraewaspurchasedfromtheMedicalCollegeofJiamusiUniversity.Aqueousextracts,spirituousextracts,andpolysaccharidesfromFructusschizandraewereprepared.D-galactose(D-gal)isaproductoftheSecondReagentFactory,ShanghaiCity,China.Mn-superoxidedismutase(Mn-SOD)kit,malonaldehyde(MDA)kit,proteinquantificationkit,andinorganicphosphorustestingkitwerepurchasedfromJianChengBioeng.Co.,China.METHODS:Fiftymicewererandomlydividedintofivegroups,with10miceineachgroup:youngcontrol,agingmodel,aqueousFructusschizandraeextract,spirituousFructusschizandraeextract,andFructusschizandraepolysaccharides.Overacourseof30days,miceinagingmodel,aqueousFructusschizandraeextract,spirituousFructusschizandraeextract,andFructusschizandraepolysaccharidesgroupswereinjectedsubcutaneouslywithD-gal(100mg/kg)intothenapeoftheneckdaily,andadministeredintragastricallywithanequalvolumeofsterile,warmwater(agingmodel),aqueousFructusschizandraeextract(2g/kg),spirituousFructusschizandraeextract(2g/kg),orFructusschizandraepolysaccharides(0.2g/kg),respectively.Miceintheyoungcontrolgroupwereinjectedintothenapeoftheneckwithphysiologicalsaline

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简介：BACKGROUND:Alpha-actinin(α-actinin)playsakeyroleinneuronalgrowthconemigrationduringdirectionaldifferentiationfromneuralstemcells(NSCs)toneurons.OBJECTIVE:Todetectinsitumicrodistributionandquantitativeexpressionofα-actininduringdirectionaldifferentiationofNSCstoneuronsinthetemporallobecerebralcortexofneonatalrats.DESIGN,TIMEANDSETTING:BetweenJanuary2006andDecember2008,cultureanddirectionaldifferentiationofNSCswereperformedatDepartmentofHistologyandEmbryology,PreclinicalMedicalCollege,ChinaMedicalUniversity.ImmuneelectronmicroscopywasperformedatDepartmentofHistologyandEmbryologyandDepartmentofElectronMicrology,PreclinicalMedicalCollege,ChinaMedicalUniversity.SpectrumanalysiswasperformedatLaboratoryofElectronMicroscopy,MentalResearchInstitute,ChineseAcademyofSciences.MATERIALS:Basicfibroblastgrowthfactor,epidermalgrowthfactor,brain-derivednervegrowthfactor,type-1insulinlikegrowthfactor,andα-actininantibodywereprovidedbyGibcoBRL,USA;rabbit-anti-ratnestinmonoclonalantibody,rabbit-anti-ratneuronspecificenolasepolyclonalantibody,andEDAX-9100energydispersiveX-rayanalysiswereprovidedbyPHILIPSCompany,Netherlands.METHODS:NSCs,followingprimaryandpassageculture,weredifferentiatedwithserumculturemedium(DMEM/F_(12)+10%fetalbovineserum+2ng/mLbrain-derivednervegrowthfactor+2ng/mLtype-1insulinlikegrowthfactor).MAINOUTCOMEMEASURES:Expressionofα-actinininneuron-likecellswasquantitativelyandqualitativelydetectedwithimmunocytochemistryusingenergydispersiveX-rayanalysis.RESULTS:Immunocytochemistry,combinedwithelectronmicroscopy,indicatedthatpositiveα-actininexpressionwaslikeaspheroidparticlewithhighelectrondensity.Inaddition,theexpressionwasgraduallyconcentratedfromthenuclearedgetothecytoplasmandexpandedintodevelopingneurites,duringdifferentiationofneuralstemcellstoneurons.Conversely,energydispersive