简介:Worldcitiesarefacinggreaterexclusionandmarginalization.Arecentresearchstudyhasshownthatitisnotthelargemultinationalcompanies,butthesmallandmediumenterprises,andincreasinglythemicro-businesses,whichsucceedinprovidingthemuchneededemployment.Regardlessoftheirsociallevel,alargeportionofthepopulationindevelopingcountrieshasturnedtomicro-businessesinsearchofsurvival.Thedegreeofvulnerabilityofmicro-businessespushesthemtoseekouttheinformalsector,whichovertimebecomestheirmainobstacletogrowth.Therefore,theideaofviewingthe"informalcity"asanopportunitytosolvetheproblemofstructuralpoverty,ratherthanaproblemorathreattobeeradicated,issignificantforbuildinggenuineandtruly"global"cities.
简介:ThewatersupplyandsanitationsysteminDaresSalaamfaUinawkwardconditioncausedbyseverewaste,poorinstallmenttechnology,inadequatecoverageandmaintenanceandlackofmodemsanitationmodels.FindingbothcentralauthoritiestechnicallyandeconomicaUyunabletoimproveit,localcitizengroupslookforaffordablewaysofimprovingthenecessaryinfrastructurethroughtheirownefforts.Whiletheirself-helpinitiativeshavebeensuccessful,theyurgentlyneedsupportininformationandtechnologyforbettersolutionsandproperuse.