简介：Inthispaper,takingitsturbulentexchangecoefficientasafunctionoftheLagrangiantimescaleandstandardvarianceoftheturbulenceinatmosphere,theatmosphericdispersionPDFmodelsareobtainedonthebasisofatmosphericdiffusionK-theory.Inthemodelthestatisticsofwindspeedaredirectlyusedasitsparametersinsteadofclassicdispersionparameters.Thebi-GaussianPDFisderivedinconvectiveboundarylayer(CBL),fromthestatisticsofverticalvelocityinbothofthedowndraftandupdraftregionsthatareinvestigatedtheoreticallyintheotherpartofthispaper.GivingthedrivenparametersoftheCBL(includingtheconvectivevelocityscalew*andthemixingdepthh_i)andthetime-averagedwindspeedatreleaselevel,thePDFmodelisabletosimulatethedistributionofconcentrationreleasedatanylevelsintheCBL.ThePDF’ssimulationsarefairlyconsistentwiththemeasurementsinCONDORSexperimentortheresultsbroughtoutbysomenumericalsimulations.

简介：ADopplersodarsystemcontrolledbymicrocomputerisdescribedinthispaper.Thesodarwasusedtodetecttheverticaldistributionofwindandtemperaturestratificationintheatmosphericboundarylayer.Thedetectingresultsshowthatatnighttheverticaldistributionofwindisverycomplicated,whichcanappearasastructureoftwoorthreelayers.Innocturnalatmosphericboundarylayersometimesthereexistsverythinlayerinmulti-layerinversionanditcanberetainedforalongtime.

简介：ＴＨＥＳＴＵＤＹＯＦＴＨＥＣＨＡＲＡＣＴＥＲＩＳＴＩＣＳＯＦＢＯＵＮＤＡＲＹＬＡＹＥＲＯＶＥＲＨＩＬＬＴＥＲＲＡＩＮＨａｏＷｅｉｆｅｎｇ（郝为锋），ＬｉｕＫａｉ（刘凯）（ＭｅｔｅｏｒｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌＣｏｌｌｅｇｅｏｆＡｉｒＦｏｒｃｅ，Ｎａｎｊｉｎｇ２...

简介：ＮＵＭＥＲＩＣＡＬＳＩＭＵＬＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＤＩＭＥＴＨＹＬＳＵＬＦＩＤＥＩＮＴＨＥＲＥＭＯＴＥＭＡＲＩＮＥＢＯＵＮＤＡＲＹＬＡＹＥＲＺｈｅｎｇＭｉｎ（郑敏）ａｎｄＬｉＸｉｎｇｓｈｅｎｇ（李兴生）ＮＵＭＥＲＩＣＡＬＳＩＭＵＬＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＤＩＭＥＴＨＹ...

简介：ＡＮＡＬＹＳＩＳＯＦＭＥＡＮＷＩＮＤＣＨＡＲＡＣＴＥＲＩＳＴＩＣＳＩＮＴＨＥＡＴＭＯＳＰＨＥＲＩＣＳＵＲＦＡＣＥＬＡＹＥＲＯＦＴＨＥＧＲＡＳＳＬＡＮＤＡＲＥＡＩＮＮＯＲＴＨＣＨＩＮＡＸｕｅＨｅｎｇ（薛桁），ＺｈｕＲｕｉｚｈａｏ（朱瑞兆）ａｎｄＷｕＨｏ...

简介：ＳｔｕｄｙｏｎｔｈｅＴｈｅｒｍａｌｉｎｔｅｒｎａｌＢｏｕｎｄａｒｙＬａｙｅｒａｎｄＤｉｓｐｅｒｓｉｏｎｏｆＡｉｒＰｏｌｌｕｔａｎｔｉｎＣｏａｓｔａｌＡｒｅａｂｙＮｕｍｅｒｉｃａｌＳｉｍｕｌａｔｉｏｎ￥ＪｉａｎｇＷｅｉｍｅｉ（蒋维楣）ａｎｄＹｕＨｏｎｇ...

简介：Inthispaper,thesimultaneouseffectsofboundarylayerandtopographyontheinstabilityofEadywaveareinvestigatedbyusinganewparameterizationoftheverticalvelocityatthetopofPBLandtheinfluencesofthestratificationofthePBL,roughnessandtheslopeofterrainareshown.Furthermore,theeffectsoftheboundarylayerfrictionandtopographyongeneralizedEadywavearealsoinvestigated.

简介：沿着在长江的更低的活动范围的Meiyu前面的重降雨事件在2009年6月23日与一个mesoscale骚乱旋涡被连接，这被发现，它从行星的边界层(PBL)发源并且以后向上发展了并且被使用过滤方法的Shuman-Shapiro发现。在在这个过程的PBL(PMDV)的mesoscale骚乱旋涡在Doppler雷达回响对应于很好短时间的暴风雨。从先进天气研究和预报模型(ARW)的高分辨率的模拟结果的分析证明沿着在PMDV的产生以前的Meiyu前面的南部的温暖的节有几表面骚乱。PMDV与mesoscale交往了对流系统(MCS)并且加强了本地对流降水。在PBL的北方和西南流动在PMDV形成的时候收敛了。同时，到旋涡的南方方面的PBL的顶上的一口西南的喷气增强了上升运动和集中。因此，shear线的强壮的冷空气流动北方什么时候shear线向南遇到了西南流动，被结束PMDV被产生。在PBL，西南风的增强，和北方风的向南方的侵略的集中线为PMDV的发展是批评的。当它在底层便于集中，潜伏的热的版本为PMDV的形成被发现关键。

简介：mesoscale在边界层和表面流动的狂暴的交换系数的计算在被改进的数字天气预言模型(MM4)，被用来在mesoscale模型的预兆的结果上学习边界层parameterization计划的影响。七个不同实验计划(包括原来的MM4模型)在这份报纸设计了被几大雨格的观察数据测试以便发现改进边界层parameterization在mesoscale的计划气象学的模型。结果证明所有七个不同边界层parameterization计划在降水紧张，雨区域的分发，垂直速度，涡度和分叉地的预报上有一些影响，并且在这的改进计划糊能改进降水预报。关键词边界层parameterization-Mesoscale数字天气预言(MNWP)-狂暴的交换系数-表面流动-大雨这份报纸被中国(资助号码49875005和号码49735180)的国家自然科学基础支持。

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简介：Thestructureofatmosphericboundarylayerdeterminestheabilityofatmosphericdispersionandhasanessentialimpactonairborneaerosols.Inthispaper,thedataofaradiosoundingexperimentheldinDongguanNationalMeteorologicalObservationStation,whichisinacoastalcityinPearlRiverDelta,aswellasthedataofatmosphericaerosols,wereutilizedinordertoanalyzethecharacteristicsofatmosphericboundarylayeranditseffectsonsurfaceaerosolconcentrations.Theresultsareshowedatfollows:thelocalcirculations,associatedwithdominantwinds,madecomplexstructuresofatmosphericlayers,asthecoldairandsystematicwindsweakenedintheendofacoldairevent.Weakenedwindshearsandinversionlayers,especiallyastrongnear-surfaceinversionlayer,remarkablydiminishedtheatmosphericdiffusionabilitiesandfacilitatedanespeciallyhighconcentrationofsurfaceaerosols.Theconvergencelineorweakshearlineofseabreezeinthegroundlevelhelpsweakentheatmosphericdiffusionabilitiesandresultsinatmosphericaerosolsaccumulation.

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简介：ThecharacteristicsoftheatmosphericboundarylayerheightovertheglobaloceanwerestudiedbasedontheConstellationObservationSystemofMeteorology,IonosphereandClimate(COSMIC)refractivitydatafrom2007to2012.Resultsshowthattheheightismuchcharacteristicofseasonal,inter-annualandregionalvariation.Globally,thespatialdistributionoftheannualmeantopheightshowsasymmetricalzonalstructure,whichismorezonalintheSouthernHemispherethanintheNorthernHemisphere.Theboundarylayertopishighestinthetropicsandgraduallydecreasestowardshigherlatitudes.Theheightisinarangeof3to3.5kminthetropics,2to2.5kminthesubtropicalregions,and1to1.5kmorevenlowerinmiddleandhighlatitudes.Thediurnalvariationofthetopheightisnotobvious,withtheheightvaryingfromtenstohundredsofmeters.Furthermore,itisdifferentfromregiontoregion,someregionshavethemaximumheightduring9:00to12:00,othersat15:00to18:00.

简介：Theturbulentfluxesforsensibleandlatentheatandmomentumarecomputedandanalysesarecarriedoutaboutthefactorsintermsofthefluxes,withtheprofilemethods,basedonthedatafromtheTibetan(Xi-zang)PlateauMeteorologicalExperimentin1986(TIPMEX-86).Itisshownthatthefluxesofvariouskindshaveevidentdiurnalvariation,andeachdecademeandiurnalvariationisquitedifferentfromothers.Thesensibleheatfluxisabout2/3lessinJulythaninJune.Theresultsindicatethattheaverageddragcoefficient,C_d,andtheaveragedbulktransfercoefficientofsensibleheat,C_h,are0.0052and0.0075respectively,fortheperiod13to28inJuneforNagqu.ButforLhasa,themeanC_dis0.0056,andthemeanC_his0.0085,fortheperiodofJune11toJuly20.ItisfoundthatC_dandC_harenotonlythefunctionofwindvelocity,butalsoinfluencedbystabilityconditionsandwindandtemperaturegradients.

简介：Basedontheresearchoftheconvectiveboundarylayer(CBL)temperaturefieldinaconvectivetank,thispaperstudiesthecharacteristicsoftheCBLvelocityfieldintheconvectivetank.Aluminiumpowder(400orders)isusedasatracerparticleintheapplicationoftheparticleimagevelocimetry(PIV)technique.Theexperimentdemonstrates:thevelocitydistributioninthemixedlayerclearlypossessesthecharacteristicsofCBLthermals;thevelocitydistributioninthetopzoneofthemixedlayershowsentrainmentlayercharacteristics;theverticaldistributionofturbulentcharacteristicvariablesisreasonable,whichissimilartofieldobservationsandothertankresults;theerroranalysisdemonstratesthevalidityofaluminiumpowder,whichimpliesthereliabilityoftheresults.

简介：在精力平衡实验期间，patch-to-patch灌溉在一块纵贯的面向的棉花地里在土壤潮湿产生了坡度。从相对干燥的在上游的补丁由于强壮的水平移流开发相对弄湿下游的补丁的内部边界层(IBL)与占优势的在北方的风联系了。这产生了多重尺寸的大旋涡，它在IBL在骚乱的结构上有重要影响。在IBL以内在二高度测量的风速度，温度，湿度，和精力流动的力量系列和cospectra被介绍并且过去常在表面层骚乱上调查IBL的影响。系列和cospectra被外部骚乱极大地在低频率提高。这些骚乱的山峰频率没随着高度变化。系列和cospectra典型地收敛了并且与在高频率的堪萨斯光谱平行(在惯性的子域)。当表面层是稳定的时，在水平风速度的系列的清楚的差距在中间的频率存在。结果显示在在上游的对流边界层发源的大旋涡在表面层骚乱的系列和cospectra上有可观的影响。这些大旋涡的影响更大(1)当IBL比IBL什么时候没存在在近的表面层是开发得好的时，(2)在比在底层高级，并且(3)当大气的表面层(ASL)比ASL什么时候是稳定的不稳定时。这些大旋涡的长度规模与在实验地点的表面异质的主导的规模一致。

简介：ThesecondauthorstudiedthenonlinearstabilityofN-layerquasi-geostrophicflowsubjecttoperturbationsofparametersandinitialdata,andestablishedthestabilitycriteriafortheflowinquestion,whichinvolvefindingoutthelowesteigenvalueofanellipticboundaryvalueproblem.Inthispaperwhenthedomainisaperiodiczonalchannel,aformulaofthelowesteigenvalueisestablished,whichisusefulforfurtherstudiesandpracticalapplications.

简介：Byuseofgeostrophicmomentumapproximation,theanalyticalexpressionsofthewinddistributionwithintheplanetaryboundarylayerandtheverticalvelocityatthetopoftheboundarylayerareobtainedwhenthedistributionofeddytransfercoefficientkisdividedintothreesections:k1z（z0≤z

简介：Themaximumheightoftheconvectiveboundarylayer(CBL)overtheTaklimakanDesertcanexceed5000mduringsummerandplaysacrucialroleintheregionalcirculationandweather.WecombinedtheWeatherResearchandForecastingLargeEddySimulation(WRF-LES)withdatafromGlobalPositioningSystem(GPS)radiosondesandfromeddycovariancestationstoevaluatetheperformanceoftheWRF-LESinsimulatingthecharacteristicsofthedeepCBLoverthecentralTaklimakanDesert.ThemodelreproducedtheevolutionoftheCBLprocessesreasonablywell,butthesimulationsgeneratedwarmerandmoisterconditionsthantheobservationasaresultoftheover-predictionofsurfacefluxesandlarge-scaleadvection.Furthersimulationswereperformedwithmultipleconfigurationsandsensitivitytests.Thesensitivitytestsforthelateralboundaryconditions(LBCs)showedthatthemodelresultsaresensitivetochangesinthetimeresolutionanddomainsizeofthespecifiedLBCs.AlargerdomainsizevariesthedistanceoftheareaofinterestfromtheLBCsandreducestheinfluenceoflargeforecasterrorsneartheLBCs.ComparingthemodelresultsusingtheoriginalparameterizationofsensibleheatfluxwiththeNoahlandsurfaceschemeandthoseofthesensitivityexperimentsshowedthatthedesertCBLissensitivetothesensibleheatfluxproducedbythelandsurfaceschemeduringdaytimeinsummer.Areductioninthesensibleheatfluxcancorrectoverestimatesofthepotentialtemperatureprofile.However,increasingthesensibleheatfluxsignificantlyreducesthetotaltimeneededtoincreasetheCBLtoarelativelylowaltitude(<3km)inthemiddleandinitialstagesofthedevelopmentoftheCBLratherthanproducingahigherCBLinthelaterstages.

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