Areaswithhighfrequencyactivitywithintheatriumarethoughttobe'drivers'oftherhythminpatientswithatrialfibrillation(AF)andablationoftheseareasseemstobeaneffectivetherapyine-liminatingDFgradientandrestoringsinusrhythm.ClinicalgroupshaveappliedthetraditionalFFT-basedapproachtogeneratethethree-dimensionaldominantfrequency(3DDF)mapsduringelectro-physiology(EP)proceduresbutliteratureisrestrictedonusingalternativespectralestimationtech-niquesthatcanhaveabetterfrequencyresolutionthatFFT-basedspectralestimation.