简介：二细菌的老家(BB)抵抗基因，Xa21和Xa4，从IRBB24被介绍进杂交稻restorer线Mianhui725，它高度产生BB，由使用杂交和分子的帮助标记的选择技术。四根相应恢复系线通过与分子的标记测试R目标基因并且分析父母遗传背景被获得。有特定的紧张ofXanthomonasoryzaepv的四根线和他们的混血儿的接种。oryzae，P1，P6和七个代表汉语拉紧病理型，CⅠ-CⅦ，证明所有四根线和他们的混血儿是到BB的高度抵抗、介绍的宽广抵抗光谱。G46A/R207-2的混血儿显示了好农学的人物和高产潜力，并且R207-2被称为Shuhui207。

简介：为phosphoenolpyruvatecarboxylase基因(ZmC4Ppc)的未经触动的Zeamays基因全身是6781bp。为这基因的PCR的产品不与差的重覆性是清楚的，结果因为它在米饭和玉米两个都对帮助标记的选择(妈)困难。为为妈选择标记，仅仅在玉米而非在米饭介绍的序列被强风识别，并且用教材首相5.0为教材设计使用了。一双特定的教材称为MRpc(向前：5AAGCAGGGAAGCGAGACG3，逆行：5GATTGCCGCCAGCAGTAG3)被用于转变米饭的选择，并且ZmC4Ppc能高度并且组成地在使用MRpc选择的转变米饭在每个测试发展阶段被表示。因此，MRpc被用于与ZmC4Ppc在米饭和一些restorer线带ZmC4Ppc基因的子孙的妈(例如FPM881)与restorer线Shuhui881源于转变ZmC4Ppc的Kitaakebackcrossed被获得。基因背景上的分析，PEPCase活动，捕捞光合的率，一般联合能力(GCA)和显示出的FPM881的特定的联合能力(SCA)超过95%到达的基因背景的那类似，PEPCase和网络光合的率比那些高控制，并且一些带ZmC4Ppc基因的子孙为谷物的GCA和SCA最好每植物让步，控制比那些每植物，和1000谷物重量圆锥花序数。这建议经由妈和它的稳定的表示的玉米ZmC4Ppc基因的介绍能增加米饭的谷物产量并且将多半为米饭提供一条小径品种的改进。

简介：Twomajorbacterialblight(BB)resistancegenes(Xa21andxa13)andamajorgeneforblastresistance(Pi54)wereintrogressedintoanIndianricevarietyMTU1010throughmarker-assistedbackcrossbreeding.ImprovedSambaMahsuri(possessingXa21andxa13)andNLR145(possessingPi54)wereusedasdonorparents.Marker-assistedbackcrossingwascontinuedtillBC2generationwhereinPCRbasedfunctionalmarkersspecificfortheresistancegeneswereusedforforegroundselectionandasetofparentalpolymorphicmicrosatellitemarkerswereusedforbackgroundselectionateachstageofbackcrossing.SelectedBC2F1plantsfrombothcrosses,havingthehighestrecoveriesofMTU1010genome(90%and92%,respectively),wereintercrossedtoobtainintercrossF1(ICF1)plants,whichwerethenselfedtogenerate880ICF2plantspossessingdifferentcombinationsoftheBBandblastresistancegenes.AmongtheICF2plants,seventriplehomozygousplants(xa13xa13Xa21Xa21Pi54Pi54)withrecurrentparentgenomerecoveryrangingfrom82%to92%wereidentified.AllthesevenICF2plantsshowedhighresistanceagainstthebacterialblightdiseasewithalesionlengthsofonly0.53–2.28cm,1%–5%diseaseleafareasanddiseasescoringvaluesof‘1'or‘3'.ThesevenICF2plantswereselfedtogenerateICF3,whichwerethenscreenedforblastresistance,andallwereobservedtobehighlyresistanttothediseases.SeveralICF3linespossessinghighlevelofresistanceagainstBBandblast,coupledwithyield,grainqualityandplanttypeonparwithMTU1010wereidentifiedandadvancedforfurtherselectionandevaluation.

简介：Bacterialleafblightofrice(BLB),causedbyXanthomonasoryzaepv.oryzae,isoneofthemostdestructivediseasesinAsianricefields.Ahigh-qualityricevariety,LT2,wasusedastherecipientparent.IRBB21,whichcarriestheXa21gene,wasusedasthedonorparent.TheresistancegeneXa21wasintroducedintoLT2bymarker-assistedbackcrossing.ThreeXooraceswereusedtoinoculatetheimprovedlinesfollowingtheclippingmethod.ElevenBC3F3linescarryingXa21wereobtainedbasedonmolecularmarkersandagronomicperformance.The11linesweretheninoculatedwiththethreeXooraces.Allthe11improvedlinesshowedbetterresistancetoBLBthantherecipientparentLT2.BasedonthelevelofresistancetoBLBandtheiragronomicperformance,fivelines(BC3F35.1.5.1,BC3F35.1.5.12,BC3F38.5.6.44,BC3F39.5.4.1andBC3F39.5.4.23)wereselectedasthemostpromisingforcommercialrelease.Theseimprovedlinescouldcontributetoriceproductionintermsoffoodsecurity.

简介：Throughrecurrentbackcrossingincombinationwithmolecularmarker-assistedselection(MAS),restorerlinesR8006andRl176carryingXa-21,agenehavingbroad-spectrumresistancetoricebacterialleafblight,wereselected.BycrossingthetwolinestoCMSlineZhong9A,twonewhybridricecombinations,Zhongyou6andZhongyou1176weredeveloped.Thehybridsshowedhighresistancetodiseases,goodgrainqualityandhighyieldingpotentialinnationalandprovincialadaptabilityandyieldtrials.

简介：OPM05-M2100,thespecificRAPDfragmentofBursaphelenchusxylophilus,wascollectedfromagarosegelsandpurified.Then,thepurifiedfragmentwasinsertedintothepGEMR-TVectorthatwastransformedintoEscherichia.coliandclonedandsequenced.BasedonthesequenceofRAPDmarker,thesequencescharacterizedamplifiedregion（SCAR）primersweredesignedbytheaidofthesoftwareOligo5.0.TheforwardprimerisM05F2（5’-CGGGTCATGGCTGGAGGTATCGT-3’）,andthebackwardprimerisM05R1(5’-TGGCTCAATGGCAAATCCTTCGTA-3’.Thespecificfragment(OPM05-M2100)wassuccessfullyconvertedtoSCARmarker(SCAR-M05-X600)byusingM05F2/R1,whichwasthespecificmarkersofB.xylophilus.Then,theDNAof92isolatesofBursaphelenchus,B.mucronatus,B.hofmanni,AphelenchoidesmacronucleatusandSeinurasp.whichwereisolatedfromdeadpines,weremarked,andtheDNAofasinglenematodeextractedwithasimplemethodwasdetectedusingthissetofspecificprimers.TheresultsindicatedthatthePCRproductofall81isolatesofB.xylophiluswasaclearandbrightfragmentabout600bpwithM05F2/R1.ButeightisolatesofB.mucronatus,oneB.hofmanni,oneA.macronucleatusandoneSeinurasp.hadnoanyfragments.AssayM05F2/R1alsosuccessfullydetectedsinglepinewoodnematode.Therefore,thespecificpairwiseswouldbeusedforconstructingidentificationkitsofB.xylophilus,implementingtheaimofquickdetection,andachievingthepurposeofidentifyjuvenilesuccessfully.

简介：在靠近范围的摄影测量学，3D信息获得基于图象匹配。代码标记的应用程序帮助改进自动匹配和匹配的精确性的水平。这份报纸调查惯性椭圆算法的应用程序编码标记匹配。我们能与某个边界计算一个目标的惯性椭圆。首先，方法被用于一个单个代码标记；角度并且可伸缩是有效的。然后，纸介绍多编码由惯性椭圆匹配方法的标记。旋转和同形异义图象的可伸缩的变化能被惯性椭圆算法计算。这些参数能被用于在任意的态度匹配靠近范围的摄影测量学的代码标记。

简介：

简介：基准的标记基于的扩充现实有许多应用。到目前为止，基准的标记的内部模式总是被用来编码标记。因此，基准的标记图象的大部分被用于编码而不是为姿势精确性提供相应特征点。这篇论文论述直接利用的一个新奇方法射影不变在相应特征点的位置的关系包含了编码标记。建议方法不为再编码要求模式图象的区域并且能提供更多的相应特征点以便更高的姿势精确性能容易被完成。象累积分布函数，设计确认和柔韧的过程那样的许多相关途径被建议克服敏感的问题射影不变。建议基准的标记系统可靠、柔韧的试验性的结果表演，和罐头比由存在基准的标记系统完成了提供更高的姿势精确性。电子增补材料这篇文章(doi:10.1007/s11390-007-9100-0)的联机版本包含增补材料，它对授权用户可得到。

简介：粉末的超声的microfeeding是为在稳固的freeforming和药品的dosing的使用的一个新、有希望的方法。在这个工作，用超声的颤动的控制计算机的microfeeding系统一毛状被造。流动和切换的控制的大量控制的、稳定的率在声学的颤动系统被完成，一致粉末剂量在超声的系统被获得。试验性的结果证明那条嘴直径，传播液体深度，波形，电压振幅，频率和摆动持续时间都影响剂量团。在这些之中，因素，嘴直径，电压振幅和摆动持续时间能是过去常控制剂量团的最好。一种人工的神经网络(ANN)技术被使用预言剂量团。基于这些研究结果，microfeeding的四种类型被建议。

简介：Manyapplicationsofultrasonic-assistedmethodswereusedduringmetalsolidification,buttheycouldnotbeintroducedintoweldpool.Inthispaper,awayofultrasonicassistedTIGweldingisintroduced.Bydirectlyimposedultrasonicvibrationonweldingarc,thevibrationinteractswitharcplasmaandpassestotheweldpool.Measurementresultsshowthatarcpressureissignificantlyincreasedwiththeultrasonicvibrationandthearcpressuredistributionmodelsarechanged.Bead-on-plateweldingtestsonSUS304confirmthatthistechnologycaninfluencethestyleofmetalmeltingandincreaseweldpenetrationdepth.

简介：

简介：ObjectiveToreportexperienceswithuseofotoendoscopyincerebellopontineangle(CPA)surgeries.MethodsTwentyfivecasesofCPAsurgeriesperformedbetweenNovember2002andDecember2008inwhichmicroscopeenabledotoendoscopywasusedwerereviewed.The25casesincluded19casesofacousticneuroma,3casesofCPAfacialnervetumors,1caseoftrigeminalneurinoma,acaseofglossopharyngealneuralgiaand1caseofhemifacialspasm.Endoscopywasusedinallcasestogetherwithmonitoringofbrainstemauditoryresponsesandfacialelectromyography.Postoperativehearingandfacialnervefunctionwereevaluatedandcomparedtopre-operativelevels.ResultsEndoscopyprovidedimprovedvisualizationoflocalanatomy,revealedhiddenlesionsandreducedunnecessaryanatomicaldistortions.Totalresectionwasachievedin18ofthe19acousticneuromacases,Facialnerveanatomicalintegritywaspreservedinall19cases.OneweekpostoperativeHouse-BrackmanngradingwasIin3cases,Ⅱin10casesandⅢin6cases.Facialnervefunctioncontinuedtoimproveinsomecasesat3months.Totaltumorresectionwasachievedinall3patientswithfacialneurinoma.Thefacialnervewassacrificedin2ofthe3caseswithprimaryfaciohypoglossalnerveanastomosis.FacialnervefunctionwasGradeⅡandGradeIIIoneyearaftersurgery,respectively.Inthecasewithanatomicallypreservedfacialnerve,postoperativefacialnervefunctionwasinitiallyGradeⅢandimprovedtoⅡat3months.ThetumorwascompletelyresectedinthetrigeminalneurinomapatientwithaGradeⅢpostoperativefacialnervefunctionwhichimprovedGradeIIthreemonthslater.Seventeenofthe19patientswithacousticneuromaretainedhearingpostoperatively,ofthese12maintainedpreoperativelevelsofhearing.Preoperativehearingcapacitywaspreservedin2ofthe3patientswithfacialnervetumors,butlostinpatientswithothertumortypes.Glossopharyngealneurotomy(n=1)andmicrovasculardecompression(n=1)resultedinsatisfactorysymptomrelie

简介：JohariceofAssamisaclassofricewitharoma,goodcookingqualitiesandexcellentpalatability,whicharegrownindifferentplacesofAssamwiththeiradaptabilitytolocalsituations.Atotalof143simplesequencerepeatmarkerswereusedinthisstudytorevealsufficientgeneticvariationsamongthe40Johaand14non-Joharicegenotypes.Polymorphisminformationcontentofthesemarkerswerefrom0.17to0.88,wheretheaverageof3.7alleleswereobserved.Themodel-basedpopulationassignmentanddendrogramanalysisidentifiedthreedistinctgroupsinthe54riceaccessions,whichestablishedaclearidentityofJohaaccessionsfromtheBasmatiaccessions,indicatinghighdiversityandstrongpopulationstructureinJoharice.Furthermore,atotalof29significantmarker-traitassociations(P<0.05)for10charactersweredetected.TheQTLsrelatedwithyieldandgrainqualitycanbeusedeffectivelyincropimprovementprogramsandforfurtherfinemappingandvalidationofspecificgenestodevelopgene-basedperfectmarkersinricebreedingandforminingofbetterallelesofthesegenesinJoharicecollections.

简介：Phospholipidsareamajorkindoflipidsinricegrainsandhavefundamentalnutritionalandfunctionalbenefitstotheplant.Theirlysoforms(lysophospholipids,LPLs)oftenforminclusioncomplexeswithamyloseorindependentlyinfluencethephysicochemicalandfunctionalpropertiesofricestarch.However,thegeneticbasisforLPLsynthesisinriceendospermislargelyunknown.Here,weperformedapreliminaryassociationtestof13LPLcompositionsamong20riceaccessions,andidentified22putativemain-effectquantitativetraitlociresponsibleforallLPLsexceptforLPC14:0andLPE14:0.Fivederivedcleavedamplifiedpolymorphicsequencesandoneinsertion/deletionmarkerforthreeLPL-synthesis-relatedcandidategenesweredeveloped.AssociationanalysisrevealedtwomarkerssignificantlyassociatedwithstarchLPLtraits.Theseresultsprovideaninsightintothegeneticbasisofphospholipidbiosynthesisinriceandmaycontributetothericequalitybreedingprogramsusingfunctionalmarkers.

简介：Microarraydataareoftenextremelyasymmetricindimensionality,suchasthousandsoreventensofthousandsofgenesbutonlyafewhundredsofsamplesorless.Suchextremeasymmetrybetweenthedimensionalityofgenesandsamplescanleadtoinaccuratediagnosisofdiseaseinclinic.Therefore,ithasbeenshownthatselectingasmallsetofmarkergenescanleadtoimprovedclassificationaccuracy.Inthispaper,asimplemodifiedantcolonyoptimization(ACO)algorithmisproposedtoselecttumor-relatedmarkergenes,andsupportvectormachine(SVM)isusedasclassifiertoevaluatetheperformanceoftheextractedgenesubset.Experimentalresultsonseveralbenchmarktumormicroarraydatasetsshowedthattheproposedapproachproducesbetterrecognitionwithfewermarkergenesthanmanyothermethods.IthasbeendemonstratedthatthemodifiedACOisausefultoolforselectingmarkergenesandmininghighdimensiondata.

简介：Aplasmoniccavityfilledwithactivematerialisproposedtoexplainopticalswitching.Opticalproperties,includingtransmission,responsetime,andfielddistributionofon/offstate,arenumericallyinvestigated.Wedemonstratethatsuchagain-assistedplasmonicstructurecanachieveopticalswitchinginthenan-odomainandshortentheswitchingtimetothesubpicosecondlevel.Ourresultsindicatethepotentialapplicationoftheproposedstructureinopticalcommunicationandphotonicintegratedcircuits.

简介：AbstractJoint arthroplasty is an effective method for treating end-stage joint lesions and damages. Robotic arm-assisted arthroplasty, a rapidly developing technology that combines navigation technology, minimally invasive technology, and precise control technology of the robotic arm, can achieve accurate preoperative planning, optimal selection of implants, minimally invasive surgery, precise osteotomy, and accurate placement of the artificial joint. It has the characteristics of high accuracy and stability, and thus is more and more widely used in the field of joint surgery. In this paper, we systematically reviewed the application and clinical efficacy of robotic arm-assisted technology in hip and knee arthroplasty to provide reference for its future promotion.

简介：Theapplicationofmicrowavetechniqueinthehydrometallurgyofnickellateriteoreswasdescribed.Themixtureofnickellateriteoresandsulfuricacidwaspre-treatedbymicrowaveirradiation.Thedissolvingofnickelwasconductedinhotwaterattheatmosphericpressure.Theeffectsoffactors,suchasmicrowavepower,microwaveirradiationtime,andsulfuricaciddosage,wereinvestigated.Inmicrowavefield,themigrationofionicspeciesand/orrotationofdipolarspeciespromotetheliquid?solidreactionprocessduetotheincreasedcontactareaofreactantsandleachingreactionrateconstant.Thankstothestrengtheningactionofmicrowave,themicrowave-assistedleachingprocesshasitsadvantages,suchashigherextractingratethanconventionalatmosphericleaching,andnoneedforhigh-pressureoperationashighpressureacidleaching(HPAL).Theferricironinleachingsolutioncouldbeeffectivelyremovedbysodiumjarositeprocesswithalittlelossofnickelinthejarositeprecipitate.

简介：Yttriumoxidenanopowderwaspreparedbyanoveltechniqueusinganalginatebiopolymerasaprecursor.Thetechniqueisbasedonthermaldecompositionofanyttriumalginategel,whichisproducedintheformofbeadsbyionicgelationbetweentheyttriumsolutionandsodiumalginate.Theeffectofpost-annealingtemperatureontheparticlesizeofthenanocrystalswasinvestigatedatvarioustemperatures.TheproductswerecharacterizedusingX-raydiffraction,scanningelectronmicroscopy,andatomicforcemicroscopy.ThesizeofthenanocrystallineY2O3particlesvariedfrom22.7to38.7nm,dependingontheannealingtemperatureandtime.Thegrainsizedistribution（GSD）wasalsodetermined.TheGSDbecamemorenon-symmetricalastheannealingtemperatureincreased,andthewidthofthedistributionsforthepowdersproducedusingthealginatemethodwaslessaffectedbyheattreatment.Thisalginatemethodwascomparedwiththeconventionalglycinecombustionmethod,onthebasisofparticlesize.Theparticlesobtainedusingtheproposedtechniqueweresmallerthanthoseobtainedusingthecombustionmethod.Alginate-assistedthermaldecompositionisthereforeaneasyandcost-effectivemethodforpreparingnanosizedY2O3crystals.